Ubhontshisi obuncane - indlela yokutshala? Ubhontshisi beHaricot - ukulima nokunakekelwa

Kokubili i-asparagusi nobhontshisi obuluhlaza kubhekwa njengomunye wabamele abalugugu, abahlwabusayo nabawusizo bomndeni we-legume. Izwe lakubo yindawo yeNingizimu neMelika Ephakathi. Manje ubhontshisi obuhlaza kulinywa cishe yonke indawo, isitshalo esicebile sakhula ngisho naseSiberia. Ubhontshisi obudumile kakhulu abugcini nje ngenxa yokunambitheka okuthakazelisayo okumnandi. Iqukethe amavithamini (A, C, B1, E, B2), ama-macro nama-microelements, kuhlanganise ne-calcium usawoti, i-phosphorus, i-zinc, i-iron ne-folic acid. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubhontshisi obuluhlaza uqukethe inani elanele lamaprotheni nama-fiber. Kulesi sihloko, singathanda ukukhuluma ngokukhula ubhontshisi bese uphendula imibuzo enjalo: "Indlela yokutshala, ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani nokuthi hlobo luni lwebhontshisi lokukhetha indawo yabo ye-cottage ehlobo?" Sithemba ukuthi izincomo zethu zizokusiza.

Ubhontshisi obuhlaza: ukutshala, ukukhula. Sakhetha inhlabathi

Ubhontshisi obuhlaza kuyisitshalo esingenakuzithoba. Kulula ukuthola ukuvunwa okucebile, ukugcina imithetho ethile ye-agrotechnical yokulima nokukhathalela. Ukutshala ubhontshisi kanye ne-hay, kanye ne-asparagus, inhlabathi evundile, evundile futhi ehlutshiwe kahle ene-humidity elinganisiwe. I-loam ephakathi noma elula, kanye ne-sandy loam, izonikeza isivuno sangempela semifino. I-tropo emanzi, ixhaphozi, inhlabathi enzima ayifaneleki - izitshalo ziyogula futhi zikhule kahle. Amabhontshisi akhula kumele aqhutshwe ezindaweni ezivikelwe emoyeni, evuthayo futhi evame ukukhanya. Kodwa, ngokuyinhloko, i-penumbra nayo iyafaneleka. Yiqiniso, indawo ekhethiwe yokutshala imbewu kufanele isuswe kahle kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokhula. Akukubi, uma ubhontshisi bekhulile amazambane, utamatisi noma ama-cabbages.

Amabhontshisi omunwe: tshala imbewu ngokufanele

Ekwindla, isayithi elikhethiwe ukutshala lilungisiwe: ukumba nokufaka izinto eziphilayo (6 kg ngalinye 1 m²), superphosphate (35 g ngalinye 1 m 2), ne- potassium chloride (20 g ngalinye 1 m 2). Ngentwasahlobo, umanyolo obunzima obunamaminerali onomthamo ophezulu we-potassium (25 g nge-1 sq. M.) Uyenezelwa enhlabathini. Emhlabathini olungiselelwe kahle, kuyoba ngcono futhi kusebenze ngokwengeziwe ukukhulisa ubhontshisi obuluhlaza. Indlela yokutshala imbewu? Okokuqala kubalulekile ukulinda ukufudumala komhlaba kuze kufike ku-15-18 ° C futhi ukukhipha amathuba okuba khona kwama-frost aphindaphindiwe. Eningizimu yeRussia, ubhontshisi angadalwa ngokuphepha phakathi no-May, kwezinye izindawo kuphakanyiswa ukulinda kuze kube ngoJuni. Khumbula ukuthi ubhontshisi bathanda kakhulu ukushisa. Indlela yokutshala imbewu? Kufana namanye amasiko omndeni wabhontshisi . Imbewu eyomile isengaphambili. Bese ubeka endaweni evulekile ye-3 noma 4 cm (noma ngaphansi kwesiphephelo sefilimu). Abalimi abaningi batusa ngaphambi kokutshala ukulwa nenzalo ngesisombululo sama-manganese imizuzu engu-15-20, bese usuhlanza ngamanzi. Ngemuva kokutshala, indawo iyafafaza nge-humus. Ukuze kuhlume imbewu, ukushisa kwama-20-25 ° C kuyadingeka. Ngokuvamile amahlumela okuqala avela ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-20. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezitshalo ngalinye kufanele libe ngu-10 cm, ngakho kancane kancane izithombo ezengeziwe zimbalwa noma zitshalwe.

Izici zokutshala isihlahla sezinyosi kanye nobhontshisi

Njengomthetho, zonke izinhlobonhlobo zobhontshisi zihlukaniswe zibe zinyama nezihlahla. I- asparagus yamabhontshisi ahlwanyelwe emigqeni. Phakathi kwamabhontshi ukuma ibanga elingama-15 - 20 cm, naphakathi kwemigqa - cishe ngo-30 cm Ukukhulisa ubhontshisi wezinkuni nokuvunwa kuzoba lula uma ushiya isikhala samahhala ka-50 cm njalo emigqeni emithathu. Times okuchit. Khona-ke izihlahla zebhontshisi zizosimama futhi zingangcoliswa ngenxa yomoya onamandla noma imvula. Ngakho-ke, sesinqume ukuthi singakuhlwanyela kanjani ukuhlwanyela izinhlobo zezitshalo zokutshala amaqanda aluhlaza. Indlela yokutshala izinhlobo ezahlukene, sizoxoxa ngokuqhubekayo. Ikhanda le-asparagus le-curly likhula kahle phakathi kwezingcingo, kulesi simo isidingo sokusungula izesekeli siqedwa. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka - tshala imbewu yobhontshisi emigqeni, ushiye igebe eliphakathi kuka-7-8 cm phakathi kwamabhontshisi. Emva kokuvela kwamahlumela, kufanele ulume amahlumela, bese usakha izisekelo bese ubopha izithombo kubo. Uma ubhontshisi obuvuthayo bufinyelela ku-2-2.5 m ubude, kuzodingeka ukuthi uphonswe ukuze kukhuthazwe ukuvuthwa okuvamile.

Ubhontshisi beHaricot: ukulima nokunakekelwa. Ukunisela, ukugqoka okuphezulu

Amabhontshisi ensimbi kanye ne-asparagus adinga ukuchelela okuhle. Njengoba kunomsoco okwanele futhi ovamile, izitshalo zizokwenza ama-pods amnandi futhi ziyoveza izithelo eziningi. Ukuze uketshezi, ungalungisa ukumnika okunesondlo: gcwalisa umgqomo ngaphezu kwengxenye yokhula futhi uthele amanzi kuwo. Shiya izinsuku eziyisikhombisa ezedlule. Futhi-ke ilitha elingu-1 lokushisa elenziwe ngomumo lihlanza ebhakedeni lamanzi. Ngalesi sixazululo, ungahambisa izitshalo zebhontshisi. Khumbula ukuthi uma unomhlabathi owunambile, izitshalo zebhontshisi ngeke zikhule kahle, kanti ukulimala kuzoba kubi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kokunisela, ubhontshisi kudingeka ukhulule imigqa kanye nokulawula ukhula. Ngokusemthethweni, yilokho okudingekayo ukuthola isivuno esiphelele se- asparagus. Ukukhula nokunakekela lesi sitshalo ngeke kuthathe umzamo omkhulu nesikhathi esivela kuwe. Into eyinhloko - ukuphuza, ngezinye izikhathi ukuyikhulula futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuyidla. Ubhontshisi obuqhakazayo bukhula izinsuku ezingu-40 emva kokuhluma. Ama-ovariya avela ezinsukwini ezingu-20 kamuva, futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-10 bafinyelela ekuvuthweni okwanele. Phakathi nesikhathi sokutshala izitshalo, izikhathi ezimbili noma kathathu ukufaka umanyolo wokucwilisa kufanele kwenziwe, enye yazo ngesikhathi sokuhluma.

Ukuvuna ubhontshisi obuluhlaza

Ama-asparagus ubhontshisi asetshenziselwa yonke indawo, okungukuthi, hhayi imbewu kuphela kodwa futhi ama-pods aluhlaza anambitha omnandi nephunga elimnandi kufanele aphekwe.
Ukuvuna ubhontshisi obuluhlaza nama-asparagus ubhontshisi ngokukhetha, uklebhula izithelo zobisi, ungavumeli ukuqina kwezinhlamvu zazo. Susa "i-scapula" eluhlaza izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka ngamunye, kuye ngezihlobo zezitshalo. Ukuhluma ubhontshisi kuzoqhubeka ehlobo nasekwindla, ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa. Izihlahla ezihlosiwe ukuthola izinto eziyimbewu azikhiphi. Zishiywa kuze imbewu ivuthwe ngokuphelele, futhi ngoSepthemba-Okthoba bayasuswa ensimini.

Izinhlobo ezidumile zobhontshisi obuhlaza

Enye yezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle kunazo zonke yi-Deer King (Holland). Lezibhontshisi ezincane ezikhulayo ezincane ziqala ukuvuthwa ekuqaleni futhi zivune isivuno esikhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo zingabonwa yi-lemon pods eziphuzi kanye nezinhlamvu ezimhlophe. Okunye okuhlukahlukene okushiwo yiFana (Poland). Ama-pods alawa ma-beperagus ubhontshisi ahlaza, futhi ngaphakathi kwawo kukhona okusanhlamvu okumhlophe. Izinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana ikakhulu nezifo nokuvunwa okuphezulu. Izinhlobonhlobo ezidumile ze-asparagus enengqondo ziyi-Golden Nectar ne-Hell Rem (kokubili i-USA). Ziyaziwa ngokuvunwa okuphezulu kanye nezici ezinhle kakhulu zokunambitheka. UBlau Hilde (e-Austria) - ezinye izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu zobhontshisi ezibandayo. Ungayifunda ngamapodu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nezinhlamvu ezinkulu ezinomuncu.

Esikhundleni sokuphetha

Ngakho-ke, kulesi sihloko sibheke izici zokutshala isitshalo esibalulekile okuthiwa i-green (string) ubhontshisi. Indlela yokutshala, ukuthi ungamnakekela kanjani, ukondla futhi uvune - manje uyazi. Sithemba ukuthi endaweni yakho ye-dacha kuzodingeka ukhule lesi siko esihle se-legume, okuwumthombo obalulekile wamaprotheni, ama-fibre, amavithamini, ama-macro- kanye nama-microelements.