Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwesitshalo semithi yezithelo nezihlahla. Entwasahlobo, ukufaka umquba wokuqala kwezihlahla ezincane zezithelo

Enye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zokunakekelwa kwensimu ukugqoka okuphezulu kwentwasahlobo yezihlahla zezithelo nezitshalo entwasahlobo. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, umuntu akakwazi ukuthola uhlobo oluhle lwezitshalo zokuhlobisa, kanye nokuvuna okuningi kwezitshalo zezithelo. Khumbula ukuthi ukondla kahle izihlahla kanye nemithi entwasahlobo akukwazi kuphela ukugcwalisa lesi sitshalo ngezinto ezengeziwe, kodwa futhi kuzosekela ukukhiqiza kwenhlabathi, ukuthuthukisa izakhi zamakhemikhali nezakhi.

Ukwakhiwa kokugqoka okuphezulu

Phakathi nesikhathi semifino, isihlahla sishintsha ngokuphindaphindiwe isidingo sezakhi. Kusekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokuqala kwenkathi yokukhula, lezo zitshalo zidinga ukugcwala nge-potassium, kancane kancane nge nitrogen ne-phosphorus. Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali futhi ngesikhathi sokuqedwa kwayo, umuthi udinga i-nitrogen. Ngalesi sikhathi kukhona ukukhula okujulile kwamahlumela. Emva kwalokho izitshalo zidinga i-phosphorus.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwezithelo zezihlahla nezitshalo kuyadingeka. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uqhubeke nale nqubo, kubalulekile ukucabangela zonke izici zemithi ngayinye yezihlahla. Isibonelo, i-conifers idinga i-nitrogen encane kakhulu kunezihlahla ze-apula kanye nezinye izihlahla ezinqabile. Ngemuva kokudinga ama-conifers akudingeki ukuba akhule futhi amaqabunga awile. Kuyaziwa ukuthi emithini yezithelo ezinezivuno eziphakeme kanye nesikhathi, izakhi zihlanzwa emhlabathini.

Inani lezakhi ezitholakala enhlabathini (phosphorus, nitrogen, njll), ngokuqondile kuxhomeke ekuhlungeni kwama-humus, okukuwo. Enhlabathini enhlabathini, okuqukethwe kwayo akuncane kakhulu, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-loam noma ubumba. Okuqukethwe kwe-potassium kuhlobene ngokuqondile nokwakhiwa kwemishini yenhlabathi. Okuqukethwe kwayo esihlabathini kusuke kuncane.

Ngesikhathi sokupheka kwentwasahlobo konke lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu ngoMashi

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwezinsimu zezithelo nezitshalo entwasahlobo kufanele kuqale ngo-Mashi. Faka isicelo semanyolo ngqo eqhweni, eliqhakazile. Kulula kakhulu. Emva kwakho konke, kuyoba lula ukuhamba eqhweni, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuzodonsa emhlabathini nasemanyolo.

Izingxube zokuqala zamaminerali ezinqunyiwe kufanele zisakazwe emathunjini ngamathambo (cishe ama-30-40 amagremu). Ukuze uthole izihlahla ezincane, ungasebenzisa eyodwa kuphela noma ezimbili izandla. Emithini endala, udinga ukusebenzisa umanyolo owengeziwe (amabili kuya kwayisihlanu).

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwezihlahla ezincane zezithelo nezitshalo entwasahlobo kufanele kusatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo eduze kombuthano oseduze. Ububanzi kumele bube ngaphezu kuka-1.5 m. Izihlahla ezindala kubalulekile ukusabalalisa umanyolo eduze komjikelezo womqhele wonke. Kule ndawo, inamba enkulu kunazo zonke zezimpande zitholakala, ezenza ngokunyathelisa. Kodwa uma izihlahla zitholakala esakhiweni ngaphansi komthambeko, ukukhulelwa okunjalo akufanele kwenziwe. Bazohlanzwa masinyane ngamanzi ase-meltwater, okuyinto evame ukuhlala emithambekeni. Okufanayo kungenzeka esimweni esinamandla eqhwa nesamba esikhulu seqhwa.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu ngo-Ephreli

Khumbula ukuthi ngeqhwa ungenza umanyolo we-nitrogen kuphela . Ngo-Ephreli, lapho iqhwa lifika phansi, i-phosphorus ne-potassium kufanele ifakwe enhlabathini. Kulokhu kusetshenziselwa i-superphosphate, umlotha kanye ne-potassium sulfate. Lapho ukhetha umanyolo, qaphela ukwakheka. Phela, isibonelo, izingxube eziyinkimbinkimbi akufanele zisetshenziswe ngo-Ephreli, ngoba ziqukethe inani elikhulu le-nitrogen. Kulesi simo, ungakwazi kakhulu ukudlula okuqukethwe kwalesi sici emhlabathini. Lokhu, kungaholela ekunciphiseni ukusimama kwesitshalo futhi kuqhubekisele phambili ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene zefungal.

Ngokuvamile sebenzisa izinketho ezimbili zokufaka umanyolo:

• Ngo-Mashi, asetshenziselwa umquba we-nitrogen, kanti ngo-Ephreli - phosphorus kanye nama-potash fertilizer;
• Sebenzisa ama-fertilizer anamanzi asempumalanga kokubili ngoMashi nango-Ephreli.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu ngoMeyi

Kwangathi kufanele futhi banakekele izitshalo. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwezithelo zezithelo nezitshalo entwasahlobo, ngoMeyi, kuhilela ukusebenzisa umquba ovuthiwe noma umquba ovuthiwe. Uma ungenayo izinto eziphilayo ezandleni zakho, ungasebenzisa ingxube eyinkimbinkimbi yamaminerali lapho okuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen kudlula khona kancane. Ngo-Meyi, izinga lokufaka umanyolo libuye lithembele enhlabathini nasekuzaleni kwayo. I-dose esiphezulu kufanele isetshenziswe ngezinhlobo zehlabathi zokhuni-podzolic, ubuncane be-chernozem, kanti nesilinganiso sokhuni sulfure.

Ukutshala izihlahla zezithelo nezitshalo entwasahlobo kuphumelela kakhulu uma usebenzisa umquba omanyolo, ogcwele izihlahla zomuthi. Iba ukugqoka okuphezulu okuphumelelayo, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlanganiswe utshani, umquba noma amaqabunga.

Umanyolo wezihlahla

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwezintambo zezithelo zezithelo nezitshalo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kanye namanyolo we-organic and amaminerali kuhle kakhulu kwezitshalo nezitshalo eziqhamukayo. Kodwa lolu hlelo alwamukeleki ngokuphelele emagqabeni. Izitshalo ezinzima eziyinkimbinkimbi zizobathinta ezingathandeki.

Phela, lezi zingxube ziqukethe i-nitrogen ngokwanele kakhulu, okubangela ukukhula okusebenzayo kwamahlumela amasha. Futhi lesi senzo asikwazi ukumelana nayo yonke imithi. Umquba awusetshenziselwa lezi zinhlobo zemithi.

Ukuze izitshalo ze-coniferous, kungcono ukusebenzisa imifino ekhethekile, eyenzelwe ukugqoka okuphezulu kwama-conifers. Kunomumo ohluke ngokuphelele we-microelements eyisisekelo. Emafelini anjalo aqukethe inqwaba yezinto, phakathi kwazo okungenani kufanele kube khona i-magnesium. Kusukela ku-organic kungcono ukusebenzisa i-biohumus ne-compost ebolile.

Khumbula ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamanyolo we-spring okudingekayo kuphela emithini ye-coniferous endala. Ukuze izinhlobo ezinjalo zikhumbule: vumela umuthi ube ngcono ngaphandle kokudla, kunokuba ukwedlulele.

Yini engiyidingayo ukuze ngazi?

Ukutshala izihlahla zezithelo zezithelo nezitshalo kunomthetho wokuthi zonke izilimi kufanele zikhumbule!

1. Uhlelo lwempande lomuthi luzokwenza ngokushesha umanyolo ngesimo samanzi.

2. Phuma izithombo kuphela emva kokuqothula okugcwele.

3. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kwenziwe ngesimo sezulu esibhakabhaka noma kusihlwa.

4. Amafomula ngendlela efomile kufanele asetshenziswe ngaphambi kokunisela, noma ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho. Okungukuthi ukudla kukaMashi, okwenziwe ngokweqhwa leqhwa.

Khumbula ukuthi umquba wamanzi kufanele usetshenziswe kuphela enhlabathini enomanzi. Uma ungalandeli lo mthetho, uhlelo lwempande lomuthi lungashiswa. Futhi, nazo, zingaholela ekuguleni okuqhubekayo kwesitshalo noma ngisho nasekufeni kwayo.

Umanyolo wezihlahla

Ukutshala izihlahla zezithelo nezitshalo entwasahlobo kuzothola isivuno esihle. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi kwakha amahlumela amasha (kuze kube ngu-2 cm).

Uma i-potash, i-phosphoric, nama-fertilizer eziphilayo eziswayo ekwindla, yi-nitrogen kuphela okufanele isetshenziswe entwasahlobo. Endaweni ye-basal kuyadingeka ukwenza:

• Ammonium nitrate - 20 g;
• I-calcium nitrate - 35-40 g;
• Urea - 12-15 g.

Ukondla izihlahla zezithelo nezitshalo ezintweni eziphilayo zentwasahlobo kufanele kwenziwe uma kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuwa, umquba uvele usungulwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuhlanza umquba ngamanzi ebhakedeni bese ufaka ithebula eli-1 kuwo. I-spoonful ye-urea. Ngesitshalo ngasinye, udinga ukungena ibhakede lokudla ama-2-3 amalitha. Khumbula ukuthi ngokushesha emva kokugqoka okunjalo kudingekile ukuqhuba amanzi amaningi. Ukondla okwesibili ngendlela efanayo kufanele kwenziwe ngamasonto amabili. Siphinde sigqoke ukugqoka kwesithathu okuphezulu.

Uma ungenayo ukufinyelela kumanyolo ophilayo, ungawafaka esikhundleni sama-fertilizer amaminerali. Umanyolo onjalo kufanele ulungiselelwe ngaphandle kwebhakede lamanzi, 25 g superphosphate, i-20 g amian nitrate kanye ne-15 g potassium sulfate. Le ibhakede laklanyelwe amahlumela angu-2-3. Ngemuva kokusebenzisa umquba, kuyadingeka ukuphuza isitshalo ngokuningi.

Khumbula ukuthi imigodi ngaphansi kwezihlahla akufanele ibe ngaphezu kuka-60 cm ububanzi kanye no-10 cm ngokujula. Emva kokufaka umanyolo nokuchelela okuningi, izimbobo kumele zimbozwe umhlaba noma i-peat mulching.