U-Anna Mons uyintandokazi kaPetru I. Umlando

Ngenxa yalona wesifazane, i-Tsar Yonke iRussia, uPeter the Great, yathumela umkakhe wokuqala, u-Evdokia Lopukhin, ejele elingunaphakade eSydaldal Pokrovsky Monastery, okuyi-last tsarina esihlalweni sobukhosi saseRussia, esinezintambo ezingekho igazi langaphandle. Ingozi eyingozi kuphela evimbele intandokazi ukuba angene emshadweni womthetho naye futhi enyukele esihlalweni sobukhulu bamandla emhlabeni wonke. Igama lakhe ngu-Anna Mons. Nokho, izakhamuzi zaseMoscow zazibiza ngokuthi inkosikazi yaseKukuyskaya, noma i-Monsihoy nje. Abalingani bethu abathandanga u-Anna ...

Indodakazi kaMoscow yabazali baseJalimane

U-Anna-Margretta von Monson (lokhu kwakuyigama eligcwele lezintandokazi zikaMbusi uPeter Alekseevich) owazalwa ngoJanuwari 26, 1672 eMoscow eJalimane iSloboda. Ubaba wakhe (owokuzalwa waseWestphalia), esefikile eRussia, wayebambe iqhaza ngokusho kweminye imithombo, ngezokuhweba iwayini, nakwebhizinisi le-jeweler. Kodwa, ngandlela-thile, ngakwazi ukufeza impumelelo futhi ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwendodakazi yami Ngangifakwe embuthanweni wezakhamuzi ezenza kahle futhi ezihlonishwayo zokuhlala.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi kabili indlu yakhe yahlonishwa ngokuba khona kwakhe, okwamanje usemncane ngaleyo minyaka, uPeter. Ngaphezu kuka-Anna-Margretta, lo mndeni wawunezingane ezintathu. Umkakhe - uModesta Magerfleish - wahola indlela yokuphila, eyayizizwe ngezikhathi ezithile, isivakashi saseJalimane esihle. Izwe lonke kuye lilinganiselwe ezinganeni, ekhishini nasontweni. Mayelana nezinye izihlobo, kwaziwa kuphela ukuthi umkhulu wakhe wayenguyise-inhloko yamabutho abagibele amahhashi.

Ukukwazi noPetru nokuqala kwenveli

Ayaziwa ukuthi ikusasa lika-Ana ne-Emperor lihlehlisiwe, kodwa omunye angasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1690. Kodwa-ke, waba ngumthandi wesifazane ongumqhele waseRussia eminyakeni emibili kamuva, ngosizo lomdumile odumile uFranz Lefort. Ngendlela, izilimi ezimbi zithi ngaphambi kwalokho ummemezeli ngokwakhe wayejabulela umusa wesifazane omuhle waseJalimane.

Intsha futhi ethandana noPetru ngaleyo minyaka yayisondela kumngani wakhe - u-Elena Fademrekh, kodwa wayengahlosiwe ukuthatha indawo enhliziyweni yenkosi isikhathi eside, futhi ukubonakala kwakhe kwakungenakukwazi ukuncintisana nomncintiswano wakhe. Ezimweni zakhe zokuphila, u-Anna Mons akazange ashiye, kodwa amarekhodi asaphila abaphila esikhathini sethu adweba owesifazane ongeke abe khona ngaphambili. Kodwa-ke, kunezinhle eziningi emhlabeni, kodwa kuphela abesifazane abambalwa abangabamba abantu abaqhelekile isikhathi eside emandleni abo. Kusobala ukuthi kwakukhona into ku-Anna eyayinamandla kunenzuzo yangaphandle, futhi lokho kwamnika amandla wamandla omlingo.

Izipho eziphanayo zenkosi

Kusukela ngo-1703, eminyakeni emihlanu ngaphambi kokufa komkakhe u-Evdokia, u-tsar waqala ukuhlala evulekile no-Anna endlini yakhe. Amadokhumenti abonisa izintshumayelo ezivulekile uPetru azinikezele zona zagcinwa. Omunye wabo wayeyi-portrait yakhe encane ehlathini lamadayimane, okwakuthiwa ngaleso sikhathi kwakufanele kube okungenani ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane, okwakungumthamo omkhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kwezipho kwakuyindlu enamabhilidi amabili, eyakhelwe yi-treasury. Wayesehlala eJalimane eduze nesonto elisha lamaLuthela - isonto elikhulu lamanje lalingcwele likaPeter noPaul, elivela eNkongweni yaseCososadsky yenhloko-dolobha. U-Anna Mons nonina bathola impesheni yaminyaka yonke yamabhule ayisikhombisa namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye. Ukuze kuvezwe konke, i-tsar yanikeza inxusa lakhe amapheshana amaningi kuDudinka volost wesifunda saseKozelsky nemizana enezindlu ezingamakhulu amathathu.

Ungathandi ama-Muscovites

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, amaMuscovites awazange amthande lo wesifazane. Uphinde wahlambalazwa ngemvelaphi engeyona isiRussia, kanye nesimo esibuhlungu sika-Evdokia Lopukhina, ngenxa yesiphambeko sakhe esitokisini, kanye nemali eyamukelwa ngu-Anna kubo bonke labo ababemcela ukuba abe yinkosi. Kodwa, ngokusobala, isizathu esiyinhloko kwakuwumona owawuzwa owesifazane omuhle waseJalimane owawuzungezile lapho ebona indlu enokunethezeka kanye nemoto ephakeme.

Isiqephu saseJalimane saqala ngokuthi uKukuy eMoscow. Ngakho-ke isiteketiso esinikezwe intandokazi kaTsar, yinkosikazi yaseKukuiskaya. Isazi-mlando uHuysen, umlobi wokuphila kaPera I, utshela ukuthi kuzo zonke izikhungo zikahulumeni zaleyo minyaka kwakukhona umyalo wokunikeza usizo oluhle kuMnuz Mons nonina, uma bebhekisa ibhizinisi labo noma isicelo sabo abangabazi. Umama nendodakazi basebenzise leli lungelo kakhulu, balisebenzise ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Uthando lukaPetru olungenakulinganiswa

UPeter no-Anna Mons babeseduze iminyaka eyishumi futhi cishe bashada. Yini eyayivimbela lokhu futhi yaqeda ubuhlobo bayo? Abacwaningi abaningi, befunda i-mail yabo, eye yafinyeleleka kakhulu kuze kube yilolu suku, qaphela ukuthi izincwadi zika-Anna ezibhaliwe ngaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi azikho igama elilodwa ngothando noma ngisho namagama anomusa nje. Bafana nokuxhumana kwebhizinisi, okuhlanganiswa ngesiJalimane nesiDashi - kulungile, ukufunda nokubhala, kodwa kungenakho imizwa.

UFranz Vilbois, ongumFulentshi owazithola enkundleni yaseRussia ngenhloso yentando yakhe futhi washiya incazelo yempilo yakhe kanye nezinhlanzi zakhe, wathi uPeter ngeke ngizoshada no-Anne uma ezwa uthando lwakhe oluqotho. Kodwa, yebo, wabona kuye kuphela umbusi, ukusondelana okuvula amasango epharadesi lasemhlabeni, futhi akukho muntu othandekayo. Kukhona ngisho isizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi indlovukazi yaseKukuiskaya yayincibilikiswe kuye, okungeke kufihlwe ngaso sonke isikhathi. UPetru, ngokusobala, waqonda lokhu, kodwa isikhathi eside asikwazanga ukuhlanganyela nalo.

Ukuwa kwezintandokazi

Ukuphela kobudlelwane babo kwafakwa ngengozi. Ngo-1703 kwakukhona umkhosi eSchliesselburg ngesikhathi sokuqedwa kwe-yacht yasebukhosini. Phakathi nomkhosi, kwenzeka ingozi - isithunywa seSaxon F. Königsen sawela emanzini futhi sazama. Ngemuva kwalokho, ezincwadini zakhe, incwadi ebhalwe ngothando, yabhalwa ngu-Anna Mons ngesikhathi se-Embassy Great of Peter, kanye ne-medallion yakhe. Ukufunda ngalokhu, uMbusi wayevutha kakhulu, futhi ngelinye ilanga umthengisi ovela enkundleni enhlekazi waba yilapho ehlazekile futhi elahliwe.

U-Anna Mons wabekwa ngaphansi kokuboshwa kwendlu, ukuqapha ukugcinwa kwenkosi inkosi eyayiyala umholi wophiko lomfelandawonye u-F. Romodanovsky. Eminyakeni emithathu kuphela kamuva wavunyelwa ukuvakashela isonto. Ngokusho kwenhlawulo eyimfihlo, u-Anna usolwa ngokungenayo inhloso yokuphinde athole uthando lwenkosi. Kulesi simo, baboshwe abantu abangaphezu kwengu-30 futhi babuzwa imibuzo. Ngo-1707 icala livaliwe, kodwa indlu, eyanikelwa yona nguPetru, yathathwa. Ngenhlanhla, kwakukhona amagugu futhi cishe yonke impahla ehambayo.

Ukuphela kokuphila komthandayo oyintandokazi

Kwenzekani ku-Anna Mons emva kokuphumula nenkosi nazo zonke izinselele eziye zabhekana nazo? Ngo-1711, washada nesithunywa sePrussia uGeorge-John von Kaiserling, owashona ngokungalindelekile izinyanga ezintathu. Isizathu sokufa asizange sisungulwe. Lo mfelokazi osemusha waduduzwa kuphela ngokuthi waba yindlalifa esimweni somyeni wakhe oshonile nempahla yakhe yaseKurland. Kukholelwa ukuthi umshado wakhe omfushane wawungenasithelo, kodwa lokhu kungabaza phakathi kwababhali-mlando. U-Anna Mons, izingane zakhe nezihlobo zakhe - isihloko esalinde abacwaningi bayo. Kungenzeka ukuthi ezinqolobaneni kukhona imibhalo engakwazi ukukukhanyisa.

U-Anna Mons, ongu-biography wakhe ngokuyinhloko yizintandokazi zabantu abakhulu kakhulu, wafa ngo-Agasti 15, 1714 kusukela ekusetshenzisweni. Ngaphambi nje kokugula kwakhe, wakwazi ukubhekana nodlame oludutshulwa nesinkosikazi yaseSweden uKarl-Johann von Miller, owayengumholi wakhe ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, kodwa unina, umfowabo nodadewabo bakwazi ukubhekana nenselele kule nkulumo yokugcina enkantolo.