Tupolev-124 ku-iNeva (August 1963). Eziphuthumayo kokwehla amanzi

Tupolev-124 ku-uMfula iNeva wayengomunye walaba amacala wokuqala yimpumelelo emanzini umgibeli izindiza. Crew ukuhlupheka ukuwohloka liner benane ngazo nemizamo ezinkulukazi ephethwe nomhlaba indiza maphakathi Leningrad. Nenhlekelele wagwenywa, akekho owalimala.

I ngezimo zale ngozi

Agasti 21, 1963 inkampani airliner "Aeroflot" Tu-124 yayilungiselela wenze njalo indiza okuhleliwe Tallinn - eMoscow. Indiza ngabelwa Estonia isigaba. Umkhuzi umkhumbi ngalolo suku kwaba somshayeli ongumakad 'ebona Viktor Yakovlevich Mostovoy. Amatilosi lalinabashumayeli nomsizi Chechenov futhi Tsarev umakhenikha.

I airliner wakhumula kusukela Ülemiste sezindiza ekuseni, ngesikhathi 8:55, amabombo sezindiza eMoscow Vnukovo. Ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa indiza, bandisa wathola ukuthi ngaphambili kokwehla igiya bagibele kepha yena wasala esimweni poluubrannom. Buyela emuva Tallinn Airport kwakungenakwenzeka, njengoba yayibizwa kanjalo wasibekela ngendlela inkungu ekhasa. Ukushaya lokubikezela eziphuthumayo ezimweni ezinjalo kwakuyingozi kakhulu. Amatilosi sayalwa ukuba sibe nezinhloli ndizela Leningrad bese zizama ukuyohlala khona.

Iqiniso ukuthi eziphuthumayo lokufikela indiza nge okuyiphutha lokubikezela igiya kungenzeka kuphela isiqeshana okhethekile ngokudlulisa eshayisa. It ikuvumela ukuba unciphise ingozi izinhlansi ngesikhathi kokwehla, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ugweme ingozi yomlilo noma ukuqhuma indiza. Lokhu band kwaba eLeningrad. Ngokushesha Pulkovo amanyathelo wonke afaneleyo ukuze athathe ibhodi eziphuthumayo. Esikhatsini lesifisha bonke abezimo eziphuthumayo airfield banikwa ezilungele egcwele.

phezu Leningrad

Liner landizela Leningrad mayelana 11,00. Pulkovo ochwepheshe bacelwa ukuba ukundiza phezu sezindiza indiza emhlabathini ukuze bahlole umonakalo. Visual wokuhlola waqinisekisa ukuthi gear ekhaleni kokwehla ikusimo poluubrannom.

Amatilosi sayalwa ukuba sibe nezinhloli ukulungiselela i kokwehla eziphuthumayo. Nokho, ngaphambi kokuba wenze ke, kwakudingekile ukuba zifezeke uphethiloli ngokweqile. Indiza waqala ukwenza emibuthanweni phezu komuzi endaweni engamamitha amamitha 500.

Khonamanjalo Tsarev umakhenikha wenza konke okusemandleni akhe ukuze akhulule bagibele kokwehla igiya. Ukuze wenze lokhu, wayefanele usike imbobo phansi gumbi izindiza futhi ngosizo esibondeni, ngesandla ukuzama ukuletha yokubeka esimweni esivamile. Yonke imizamo yayiyize.

Le ndiza wakwazi ukwenza 8 emathangeni phezu komuzi, lapho ngezinye 12,10 kwatholakala ukuthi uphethiloli akwanele cababa at Pulkovo. Kungazelelwe, injini kwesokunxele okulahlekile. Mayelana ukugunyazwa sanikwa nezinkinga nezisebenzi ukundiza ngqo phezu enkabeni yedolobha, ukuze unciphise ibanga sezindiza.

Nokho, lapho efika nje lapho indiza kwaba ngqo phezu Smolny, kanti injini kwesokudla kumisiwe. Liner waqala ngokushesha ulahlekelwe kokuwa, futhi ngaphansi usongo kwenzakala wonke umuntu ngaleso sikhathi maphakathi Leningrad. Esimeni esiphuthumayo ezifana, umlawuli ku iseluleko Checheneva co-pilot, wangaphambili asolwandle zezindiza umshayeli enquma umhlaba kwesokudla iNeva.

kokwehla eziphuthumayo

Ibhuloho ngaphambilini crew ukuphambukisa abagibeli futhi yena, wedwa, ngaqala ukuhlela edolobheni.

Le ndiza wandizela phezu Foundry ibhuloho ezingeni ukuphakama 90 metres uphinde uthele kancane wakwazi ukudlula Bolsheokhtinsky amamitha 40 nje emanzini, isimangaliso ingamthinti ipulazi yayo eliphakeme. Phambili yakhiwa kwebhuloho Aleksandra Nevskogo. Lapho indiza wandizela phezu kwabo ngesikhathi ongaphakeme indiza level, ukusebenza yezinsiza okukhulu wagxuma emanzini.

At izindleko imizamo ezinkulukazi umlawuli izindiza zingena ngempumelelo phansi ezimbalwa amashumi kumamitha angu kuya ezisekelweni esilandelayo, Finland ujantshi ibhuloho. Kuthiwa Mostovoi grayer kulezi kwamaminithi ambalwa.

Landing phezu Tu-124 iNeva ngempumelelo kanye indiza wahlala untanta, kodwa ngenxa umonakalo kuzona ngesikhathi kwenye indawo, fuselage ekuqaleni ukugeleza kwamanzi. Kwathi ukuba odlulayo, waphunyuka ngokuyisimangaliso ukushayisana ne indiza buksirchik ubudala "Petrel" wakwazi ukudonsa emkhunjini ocwilayo eduze ogwini, kuya ensimini ifektri "Northern cindezela." Ukuze elinye ithuba lucky ogwini kule ndawo babe izihlenga lokhuni. Lendiza, wawela phezu kwalezi izihlenga bakha isitebhisi yemvelo okumele wonke kubagibeli nezisebenzi Sehla ngokuphepha.

Ubude ku izindiza abagibeli 44, okubalwa nezingane ezimbili, futhi izisebenzi 7. Kwakungekho uvalo, kodwa kanye ogwini, abantu kancane kancane ngaqala ukubona ukuthi muva nje babe ku ibhalansi ukufa. Amatilosi ngokushesha wathumela ukuze amphenye-KGB futhi abagibeli kudingeke ukuthi baphuthunyiswe Pulkovo, lapho indiza yokuqala wabuyela eTallinn.

Izimbangela ingozi

Tupolev-124 ku-iNeva kwakunjalo wokuqala emanzini ngempumelelo indiza emikhulu ethwala. Kodwa imbangela yengozi, okuyinto cishe yaphenduka nenhlekelele ezimbi?

Tu-124 ngaleso sikhathi kwaba brainchild yakamuva Bank "Tupolev". Yaklanyelwa futhi lwavivinywa ngesikhathi esifushane, futhi ngenxa yalokho kwadingeka eziningi amaphutha amancane. Omunye wabo waba nendima ebulalayo e isiphetho ohlangothini Estonia. Kwavela ukuthi ngesikhathi yamukelwa-off e Tallinn, indiza aqathaka ibhola isikulufa bengaphambili kokwehla gear, khona-ke wathola evulekile. Ngaphandle kwale encane kodwa ebalulekile nemininingwane phambi lokubikezela igiya akakwazanga ukuthatha isikhundla evamile, futhi washaya. Njengoba izazi zithi, kokwehla nge ukwehluleka ezisengozini umshini ukudluliselwa. Kulesi simo, a emanzini izindiza yimpumelelo kungenzeka kwenzakala indlela kuphela ukuze asindise izimpilo abagibeli.

Isizathu sesibili ngenxa yale nhlekelele yacishe abe ukwehluleka toplivomera ekhishwe ulwazi olungalungile mayelana nenani nemafutsa emkhunjini. Lokhu kungapheleli ezivamile isethi izindiza langaleso sikhathi laliwumfuziselo kahle aziwayo bonke abashayeli bezindiza, futhi abaningi babo bacelwa ukuba bagcwalise indiza fuel kancane kuka kufanele. Nokho, ngosuku akwenzekanga. Ngaphezu kokwehla eziphuthumayo kwadingeka ukuba zifezeke lemali fuel, kusale kuphela kancane ukufinyelela sezindiza, futhi kwakungekho iphutha elibi kakhulu e ukufundwa yomculo.

Isiphetho indiza

Phela abantu bamshiyile ebhodini, isikebhe ekhethekile iye yaba nesandla for uzotshala amanzi aphume endizeni. Kodwa akazange sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo amanzi okusheshayo egeleza, futhi ngokushesha Tu-124 yacwila. Ngakusasa pontoons indiza zamenyezelwa, wavuswa phansi futhi towed egudle uMfula iNeva entshonalanga Vasilevsky Island, lapho ngaleso sikhathi wawusegunjini iyunithi lempi. Ngemva kokuhlola indiza yabhalwa off ngenxa yokulimala akutholile.

Ekupheleni kwalo Kwakudabukisa. I gumbi kunqunyiwe futhi azithumela Flight simulators Kirsanovsky flying esikoleni, elise Tambov esifundeni. armchairs Beautiful ithengiswe bonke comers ngentengo ulingana izindleko ibhodlela likagologo. Futhi izinsalela fuselage eside rusting ogwini Skipper ukugeleza kuze bahlabeka futhi ithengiswe laqaqwa.

Isiphetho crew

Ekuqaleni, ama-KGB futhi uMnyango Main Civil Aviation nobuqhawe isenzo Mostovoy ibhekwa njengevela sloppiness, wamemezela kuye a ukhuze ezinzima futhi waxoshwa kusukela isigaba. Nokho, ngenxa umsindo ezaphakanyiswa cindezela angaphandle, iziphathimandla washintsha inhliziyo ubulungisa nesihe. UCaptain ngisho wafuna umklomelo Order of Red Star, kodwa ukuze ayizange ngemvume. Ekugcineni, Khrushchev banquma ukungayisebenzisi nhlobo i umklomelo, kodwa futhi akukhona ukujezisa umshayeli.

Yonke iqembu ngokushesha futhi bavunyelwe ukuba fly. I co-pilot Chechenov emva kwesikhashana waqala nomyali. Ibhuloho futhi waqhubeka esebenza, kodwa njengoba ingxenye Krasnodar isigaba. Esikhathini 90 zokuqala yena nomkhaya wakhe bathuthela Israyeli, lapho waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye umsebenzi kwendiza umsebenzi njengomuntu osebenza elula kule mboni. Yena wabulawa umdlavuza ngo-1997.

imiphumela yale ngozi

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukufika Tu-124 ku-uMfula iNeva kwaba yimpumelelo, nangemva kwalesi senzakalo zonke izindiza sasingavunyelwe nhlobo ukuba ukundiza phezu maphakathi Leningrad. Lokhu kuvinjelwa namanje sisebenza.

Amazing isipiliyoni Mostovoi kwagxila elinamandla abashayeli emhlabeni wonke. Eziphuthumayo kokwehla amanzi ugcwalisekile manje simulators e izindiza eziningi emhlabeni. It uye wavumela pilot American ngempumelelo umhlaba eziphuthumayo zakho "Boeing" phezu Hudson ngo-1997. Ngeshwa, hhayi olwenziwa ukuqeqeshwa ezifanayo ezweni lethu.

August 1963 eside asikhumbule eziningi Leningrad, okuyinto wafakaza cababa esiyingqayizivele. Abaningi babone nge yami amehlo esiliva Tu-124 ku-iNeva, futhi lo mbukwane, ngokuqinisekile uhlala omunye usayikhumbula kakhulu ezimpilweni zabo.