Russian: orfogrammy. Zonke ulimi orfogrammy Russian

isiRashiya amumethe orfogrammy, uyazi ingane ngayinye. Njengoba sifunda imithetho eminingi, okuyinto ungabali eseyingane ngesikhathi izifundo isiRashiya, futhi zonke ukuze ukwazi esipelingi amazwi. Zonke ulimi orfogrammy Russian akacabangi kangangokuthi ngisho izazi zezilimi kwesinye isikhathi bekhungathekile futhi ukhohliwe. Lesi sihloko sizokusiza uqonde imithetho eyisisekelo isipelingi.

onkamisa Unstressed e impande aqinisekiswe futhi "cha scha" orfogrammy

Lo mthetho, izingane ziqala ukufunda, njengoba umthetho, ebangeni lokuqala noma enkulisa. Umthetho kuyasiza ukuthi iyiphi incwadi okulotshwe empandeni izwi. Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi "och_rovanie" singatlolwa bunjesi uhlamvu "o" kanye nencwadi "a". Ukuze uthole ukuthi yini incwadi okulotshwe igama, kubalulekile ukukhetha impande esho izwi elifanayo. izwi ezifanele kungaba "Chara", ngoba lapha ukugcizelela ewela uhlamvu u- "a". Kusho ukuthi "charm" kubhalwe ngohlamvu u- "a" e ihlumela.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi orfogrammy ngolimi Russian ingahlanganiswa nolunye. Ngokwesibonelo, omunye, umthetho engengaphansi okubalulekile ukupelwa "cha, conductive." phezu elithi "cha conductive" njalo ebhaliwe ngohlamvu u- "a". Ngokwesibonelo, oluyimfihlo, Chara, ugazi, inkomishi nokunye. D.

onkamisa engathikhiwe ngamagama impande

onkamisa engathikhiwe ku impande izwi - lena engathandwa kakhulu ngokuvamile abafundi emabangeni aphansi. Phela uma ubhala amagama orfogrammy enjalo kungasizi iyiphi imithetho. ulimi Orfogrammy Russian nge unkamisa unverifiable e impande ayihloliwe, ukubhala la mazwi kufanele ngekhanda. Onkamisa ayikwazi ukuqinisekiswa ngamagama ezifana :. Birch, raspberry Vinaigrette, yezitolo, isitshalo, abantu, banana, ushokoledi, amadayimane, njll Ukubhala la mazwi ukukhumbula unomphela, ukuze singathwesi siyawenza amaphutha.

ongwaqa Unpronounceable ku impande izwi

Kubalulekile ukufunda imithetho ongwaqa unpronounceable ku impande izwi, ngoba lokhu orfogrammy ngokuvamile kwenzeka le ncwadi. Ngokuvamile ongwaqa unpronounceable ngokuyinhloko ukuqinisekiswa. Ngokwesibonelo: esiyingozi - inhliziyo esiyingozi - inhliziyo, ilanga - ilanga, lowo mdondoshiya - umdondoshiya, ujabule - injabulo, athule - amahemuhemu, nabanye.

Isipelingi ticalo eligcina Z-, c-

Eqinisweni, abantu ngokuvamile benza amaphutha emabhokisini set-top, ekupheleni e Z- futhi c, ngisho bazi kahle isiRashiya. Orfogrammy aduduze zijwayelekile, ngakho mina nje kudingeka sikhumbule ukupelwa okuyinto incike aduduze. Aduduze ku Z- futhi c yilezi: WHO- / BOC, chrez- / cheres-, vz- / vs-, WHO- / BOC, iz / esetshenziswa, ezahlukene / ukusatshalaliswa yo / elingapheli futhi roz- / ros-.

Ukuze siqonde ukuthi kusho ukuthini ncwadi ibhalwe, kubalulekile ukubheka eyalandela. Uma ulandela ngemva kwencwadi Isiqalo abayizithulu ungwaqa (k, n, t, w, w, y, s, h, s, v), isiqalo kulotshiwe ngohlamvu "c" umthetho onjalo sihlinzekela isiRashiya. Orfogrammy abonisa ukuthi uma okwalandela ikhala umsindo, isiqalo silotshiwe isiphetho "s". Izibonelo nge "c": ukuvuleka, imidwebo, ezishintshe umbala, engapheli, njll Izibonelo "z" :. ngokweqile, ongenathemba, ukubukeka umkhiqizo kanye nabanye.

Kushintshana onkamisa e impande

Noma alternation of onkamisa izimpande - lokhu kuyinto Ukubusa ebaluleke, okuyinto ziyohambisana umfundi kusukela 5th ebangeni le-11. Orfogrammy ku alternation onkamisa izimpande babe cishe kuzo zonke izivivinyo, ezifana Oge (DPA) kanye ukuhlolwa.

Orfogrammy isiRashiya kuhilelani ukuba khona amaqembu ezine kushintshana, yonke imininingwane kufanele kubhekwe:

• Roots lapho lokubhala unkamisa incike Isijobelelo ezilandelayo:

-ber- / Bir, noSosiphatru - / - tir-, Perot - / - Pir, -stel - / - stil-, -blest - / - blist-, -der - / - dir-.

Impande yalo igama incwadi ebhaliwe "futhi" uma ulandela -a- Isijobelelo: kokumisa (kodwa nqabela), bashise (kodwa bashise) kukhanye (kodwa kukhanye), kanye nabanye.

Impande yalo igama libhalwa "futhi" uma ulandela Isijobelelo ku -a-: thinta (kodwa touch), ukunikela (kodwa sipho), kanye nabanye.

• Izimpande, okuyinto incike ukucindezeleka unkamisa isipelingi igama:

-gar - / - gor-, -tvar - / - yokudala, -klan - / - klon-, -zar - / - zor-.

Uma ukucindezeleka izwi ewela uhlamvu u- "a", kulotshiwe futhi ukuba impande "a": tan, aguqe, bakhazimula kokusa, kanye nabanye.

Uma ukucindezeleka izwi ewela impande, kulotshiwe "mayelana": indalo, umnsalo, bethamele ilanga, Dawn nabanye.

• Ukubhala unkamisa ku impande igama incike izinhlamvu ngemuva lokhu unkamisa:

-rast - / - rasch - / - rosch-, -skak - / - skoch-.

Le ncwadi "a" Kulotshiwe phambi "Art" futhi "u" :. Izitshalo, njll incwadi "o" Kulotshweni zonke ezinye izimo. Ukuxolela: sicu, usakhula, ukukhula, umbolekisi, Rostov nabanye.

"A" Kulotshiwe phambi "ukuze" kanye "o" Kulotshiwe phambi "h". Weqa, gxuma, njll Ukuxolela Leap, ukweqa, njll ..

• Ukubhala unkamisa e impande incike yemagama:

-mak - / - IOC, -ravn - / - rovn-.

Esimweni sokuqala kulotshiwe "a" uma izwi has umuzwa ukucwiliswa emanzini :. Dip, cwilisa, njll kulotshiwe "ku" ketshezi nge value: ezimanzi, cwilisa, ezimanzi, nabanye.

Esimeni sesibili kulotshiwe "a" lapho ukubaluleka kuyinto yinye igama elithi "efanayo" :. Equal, alinganayo, njll kulotshiwe "ku" lapho ukubaluleka kuyinto yinye igama elithi "umugqa": bushelelezi, angabekwa, nabanye.

Lezo zincwadi "futhi", "s" ngemva "c"

Rich ezihlukahlukene imithetho Russian. Orfogrammy ezitholakala lapha nalaphaya. Yilokho kanye ne izinhlamvu "futhi", "s" ngemva wongwaqa "n", abafundi ngokuvamile kwengqondo ukupela kwabo. Empeleni, ukuze kahle ukubhala amagama nge orfogrammy ezinjalo, kumelwe ukhumbule, noma kunjalo bhala "futhi" futhi lapho "s":

• "Futhi" babhala ku impande izwi: sibalo, ukunikeza, isekisi, isilinda nabanye.
• "Futhi" ukubhala amagama phezu "THI": isizwe, izinkulumo, izingqungquthela, ulwazi, ukwenziwa ngasese kanye nabanye.
• "S" ku eziyimpumelelo bhala igama netijobelelo: (akukho) indlovukazi (itshali) Lisitsyn (akukho) nendodakazi et al.
• "S" abhalwe amagama inyumbazane: Roma, inkukhu, chuck, chuck, tsyknut, ku tiptoe, nabanye.

Isipelingi weticalo pre- kanye keni

Isipelingi aduduze kunalokho nzima isiRashiya. Orfogrammy le ngxenye izwi ngokuvamile itholakala ngamanani amakhulu. Nokho, ngokuvamile in the ticalo pre- kanye keni ukukhumbula izinto kalula.

ticalo ezisetshenzisiwe pre- lapho:

• It is amabhokisi aphezulu idluliselwe: ayeke, vimbela, nezinye owalandela.
• Inikeza izwi ngezinga eliphakeme quality: awfully enhle, predobry, khulisa, idlule, idlule kanye nabanye.

Isiqalo keni esebenziswe lapho:

• izindaba Okuyo: elingasolwandle, kaZuma, inkantolo, esiteshini njll
• It has okushiwo kwalokho futhi isilinganiselo: ukubophela, kuholele nabanye.
• Likhomba incompleteness yesenzo: prizakryt, ulale, ukuqala, priutihnut nabanye.
• Sibonisa isenzo igcwaliswe: ukuyengeza, thulisa, kanye nabanye.

Kanjani kweminyaka eminingi yocwaningo kwaziwe yibo bonke abantu abaningi orfogrammy isiRashiya. Ukuze bakwazi ukufunda nokubhala futhi abafundile, lezi nemithetho isipelingi wenze imisebenti leyentiwako ezidingekayo ngekhanda. Izikole ekubuseni ngamunye ngokucophelela nokuveza.