Shukshin, "Abagxeki bathi": isifinyezo sezinto nabalingiswa abasemqoka nalabo indaba ukuhlaziywa

Namuhla, ezingavamile ukuzwa ukwahlulela umgomo mayelana nendlela abantu abavamile wahlala eSoviet Union. Youth abukhuni uzulazule intilibathwa yokwaziswa, okuyinto ngokuvamile kuxutshwe ukubukwa akuhambisani aphikisanayo. Abanye baphikisa ngokuthi iSoviet Union kwaba lepharadesi lasemhlabeni abasebenzi, abasebenzi kanye abalimi, abanye bakhomba kuwukuphikisana ezinkulukazi ehambisana 'ithuthukiswe nezimboni umphakathi "amaphutha letindzala uhlelo kanye ukungabikho kwenkululeko civil. Ijaji ngubani kwesokudla, kunzima, ngamunye ngomhla okuthile kusekelwe. Isimo sixties kudluliselwe imisebenzi yakhe etemibhalo namafilimu, umlobi olukhulu ezweni isiRashiya, Vasily Shukshin kahle. Indaba le "a baxgeki", sifinyeto onikelwa ngezansi nokuhlaziwa ngokwengxenye, omunye wemizi eminingi sici ifa okudala lo mbhali emangalisayo.

kumbhali

Naphezu kobunzima babantu base eziningi ngokufa okudabukisayo, kungashiwo wagomela ukuthi ukuphila zokudala Vasiliya Shukshina kwakukhona ngokuvamile yimpumelelo. Wakwazi ukufeza amacebo, ukubona umsebenzi wabo ezinyathelisiwe, ukujabulela idumela umlingisi nokuthola ukuqashelwa ewufanele nga wo khe sebenzi directorial. Ngokusobala, ibhizinisi main zokuphila Shukshin lwalusaqinile ngisho izincwadi, Wamupha ingxenye enkulu yamabutho. Kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi idolobhana umbhali, nakuba ezinye izindaba kwenzeke edolobheni futhi izakhamizi (sibonelo esigqamile - "Sawubona Sivomu!"). Yebo, isimo jikelele, futhi akunandaba, into esemqoka kulezi imidwebo (futhi asendleleni laseChekhov iDemo) kungenye. Mayelana nabantu wabhala kule ndaba Vasily Shukshin ( "ukugxeka abanye"). Amazwibela kushiwo ngaphakathi ulimi umkhiqizo protocol yengcebo amaphoyisa eyabhalwa ukubhala nokufunda, kodwa ngempela thembeke okuxhunyanwa amaqiniso.

indaba

Yebo, ngempela, ixhegu wafika ekhaya odakiwe. Wabe perpetrates nehlazo ephukile futhi bashiya boot-TV isithombe tube (wathi wesifunda isayithi ukulimala, "okuyinto ngokuvamile kubonakala"). Iziphakamiso eziyisisekelo has inqwaba ngemininingwane engadingekile ngokuphelele, futhi kuyoba eyodwa ngaphezulu uma ufakazi wakhumbula igama ifilimu, okuyinto eyaba imbangela ingxabano. Noma kunjalo, dokhumenti iveza ukuthi i-movie engu-ngokuphila Kolkhoz. Khona-ke umkhulu wayiswa isikhungo esisangulukisayo-up. Ngokomthetho, lokho yonke indaba, okuyinto Shukshin wabhala "Abagxeki bathi". Executive Summary uwukubonakaliswa lesifinyetiwe kunazo ngesakhiwo.

indaba Isandulelo

Yebo, inkinga lekhona endzabeni nezateyliv efika kuqala. Kodwa kukhona zangokwasemuva zezinhlelo izenzakalo ihlazo. Phela, indaba iqala incazelo amadoda amabili, noyisemkhulu, ngubani engu-73 ubudala, futhi umzukulu wakhe, nantathu yakhe. izinhlamvu ezimbili, ngemva kwalokho, eqinisweni, yilokho umkhiqizo Shukshin - ukugxekwa. Isifinyezo ingxenye yokuqala indaba iqukethe ulwazi mayelana nemisebenzi yakho yokuzilibazisa ozithandayo njengoba umkhulu nomzukulu, bona ukuya ebhayisikobho. ngezinye izikhathi bathanda movie, futhi ngezinye izikhathi implausibility imizamo directorial kubangele ukwaliwa kwawo. Kunoma yikuphi, abantu bomdabu ngokuqinisekile baxoxe ngalokho abakubheka ukubona. Ngesikhathi Umkhulu efanayo akazange miss ithuba ukungqubuzana kwemisebenzi, abaneminyaka, kusobala, uhlobo of ngokoqobo kwezenhlalo, ukuphila okuyikho, futhi ikwenze ngendlela eveza imizwa. Kusobala ukuthi le ndoda yathola ebusheni bakhe wayelwile eziningi ekuphileni kwakhe futhi ayebone omningi. Lokhu kwaba kanye Vasily Shukshin. "Abagxeki bathi", nabalingiswa abasemqoka kwendaba, eduze, naye odelele sheen ecwebezelayo we cinema olusemthethweni.

ukushayisana

Ingxabano iqala lapho umkhulu namanje akazange baphuze utshwala. Wafika ekhaya umzukulu wakhe, futhi kungenziwa bazitshela nge ngezinga eliphezulu of ngokuqiniseka ukuthi wawungeke wazivumela ukuba 'zidle "ebukhoneni umfana. On ithelevishini, kuba movie, ukukubuka efika izihlobo nomunye isivakashi, ilunga lomndeni, umyeni, anti umfana abavakashele endlini, kusobala, ngokokuqala ngqa. Kusukela kwemifanekiso eyalandela Umkhulu udakiwe kakade Ungaqonda ukuthi wacasuka iqiniso lokuthi etafuleni yamenywa. yena uhlobo Akadli ibe nizithibe, kodwa kusuka kumazwana indlela umlingisi ngubani izinkanyezi ku ifilimu, ukugcina ngembazo akakwazanga ukumelana. Yilokho sonke Shukshin. "Abagxeki bathi," ukubekwa ngamafuphi kwesibopho indaba nesihloko awo angahlukani zisikisela ukuthi umlobi wayecabanga hhayi kuphela Umkhulu nomzukulu. Ukuze izinhlamvu yesibili abukeka ngayo futhi ethakazelisa kakhulu ukubukela. Futhi ukugxekwa.

umyeni anti

Ecwebezelayo kakhulu, ngaphezu umkhulu futhi umzukulu, hero of the indaba - umyeni kadade nomama ofanayo womfana sika. He is yisiphazamiso, akhululeke, ekukholweni, ngokusobala, isikhundla salo phakathi eliphezulu kakhulu bonke ababekhona, ingasaphathwa umnikazi abadala bendlu kanye mfana omncane. Le ndoda uyamamatheka ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi buviyoviyo (lokhu kwabonisa amakhono wangempela umbhali) wabheka ngokuziphatha. Umuntu omuhle ngeke kuvuse umbazi abadala, edonsa naye esimweni ukungqubuzana ngamabomu. Uyabuza umuntu omdala mayelana nembangela ukungeneliseki, nakuba echaza amazwi akhe bha, "It akwenzeki." Yena Unqoba ngaphambi ukuhlakanipha kwabo siqu. Mhlawumbe yilawa dolobha amashinga esinenhlonipho ukubonwa emahhovisi yokuhlela zikahulumeni, futhi Vasily Shukshin. Abagxeki, nabalingiswa abasemqoka bengaphambili yamaSoviet, ukulungele ukusula powder kumbhali okungafunwa, ngokubhala "hhayi ejwayelekile", samuntu e uhlamvu.

uyise

Kuvele ezithakazelisayo futhi ukuziphatha indodana ngingowokuqala umlingisi kwendaba, kanye nodadewabo lomkakhe, ngokusobala yangaphambili. Mhlawumbe ngemva kokuba ngokuthi indaba Shukshin "Abagxeki bathi" yakhe? okuqukethwe omfushane ingxoxo, eyaqala phambi TV ngaphambi nangemva ilebula roll amabhuzu, khuluma esivuna kule nguqulo. Okokuqala, uyise, lazama ukujabulisa le "isivakashi esikhethekile" ngesikhathi esifanayo uzama ukugwema izingxabano, kodwa wehluleka. Umkhulu uyaqonda isifaniselo sendodana yakhe njengoba ukungabaza zamakhono yabo lokubaza. Unomuzwa wokuthi ubizwa ngokuthi yisiwula, nakuba amazwi akekho ukhuluma. Lokho kungukudelela abadayisa futhi kwenza ixhegu ukushiya ikhaya bese uya endaweni yokucima ukoma eseduzane. Ngemva kwathatha ingxabano endaweni "hot" isinyathelo uyise ngokuphindaphindiwe iphindwa izwi okungalungile ngokuphelele "uyakuhlupha", onikeza ukudideka yakhe Nokho, izilaleli zazingazi kokuphazamisa, okubophela umuntu izandla ubudala ngamandla.

anti

Kunenye uhlamvu okucebile indaba "a baxgeki." ngokusobala Shukshina uyabakhathalela nandaba izivakashi, futhi udade umama womfana, ex-unkosikazi kayise. Yena, ngokusobala, ngemva komshado wakhe ukuphumelela (ithoni uyazehlisa wezwi owodwa wakhe ekhethiwe kuthathwa ukuthi uhlobo oluthile abakhulu ukuyichaza ngesikhathi kukhulunywa "Ebhala kuyi-studio," okuyinto TV) wazizwa okwandisa isimo zabo emphakathini. Anti nokuzitika ixhegu uchaza umbono lwakhe ngendima yobuciko neyesigodi yayo, hhayi ukunakekela noma cha yena oqonda khona. Wayengeyena ezibalulekile, kahle ke ophethe umlingisi ngembazo, ngenkathi umkhulu wakhe kubaluleke kakhulu. Kodwa osekhulile umbazi umbono okunakekela wakhe.

militiaman

Isikhathi Wachaza izenzakalo kungaba elalakhelwe ngonyaka ikhalenda, abanakekela Vasily Shukshin. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-indzaba lemfisha "amaphuzu Abagxeki 'ngqo usuku. Umkhulu, ngokuvumelana olandelwayo, yazalwa ngo-1890, eneminyaka engu-73. Ngakho, kwenzeka ngo-1963. Ngokuvamile, abadala "ukugxeka abanye" ungafunda okuningi, naphezu ngobufushane umsebenzi. Kuyacaca ukuthi yonke zokusebenza umsebenzi wakhe okwenzeka epulazini, lokhu kungenxa ukuntuleka impesheni. Ukuya ebhayisikobho, "badla" ingxenye yakhe kakhulu ngendlela ruble amahlanu.

Ngakho, ngo-1963 (futhi mhlawumbe kancane ekuqaleni noma kamuva) uNobhala Jikelele NS Khrushchev baphendule umbuzo ngokwethembeka acute kusuka umlobeli othile ngokuphathelene ukutholakala weziwula ukuba umbutho wamaphoyisa. Inhloko isimo bavuma ukuthi esebenza noma yikuphi kuyo (hhayi kuphela komthetho). Omunye wabo ngokucacile ukuboniswa Shukshin. Abagxeki libuyekeza ngesikhathi babe esifana sokugweba umlobi abasha, kanye censors ngeke ukuthethelela umbhali kwenkululeko ezinjalo, kodwa uma uNobhala lokuqala avuma amacala angawodwa ...

Scene "yeziboshwa" Umkhulu ngamazwana mayelana umzukulu wakhe izigebengu manje ukuya ejele, isitayela umbiko okhishwe endaweni yesehlakalo, edwengula abafana - konke lokhu kwenza indaba ibhaleke kucindezele ngendlela efanayo. Ikakhulukazi uma ucabangela iqiniso lokuthi uSergeant Ermolai Kibyakov ubiza ubudala umbazi umalume Thimothewu.

Shukshin, "a baxgeki." Umcondvo lomcoka endzabeni

Ngakho-ke yini indaba? Ingabe mayelana nje indlela hit amaphoyisa umhlala Thimothewu Makarych Novoskoltsev, 1890 lokuzalwa, kungekho emamaki esiwuphawu? Noma, mhlawumbe, ka yasihlephula kanjani TV? Cha, ngisho indaba mayelana ixhegu ngohlamvu onoboya brooked akukho sengqondo uyazehlisa. He is mayelana nabobaba nokuba izingane, abantwana nabazukulu abantu bomdabu, kaningi kwalimala nomunye ekuzameni ukuba benze lula ukuphila kwabo. On the "neqondile Ubuwula bona unedumela" wamanga, sneering yisiphazamiso, akhululeke, ngokuvamile, indaba obonakala ulula, kodwa empeleni Shakespeare.

Tingcikitsi of ukuthanda umakhelwane, maqondana ezilindeleke kubadala, bekezela yekelo kuthiwa kwakwande zonke izincwadi Vasiliya Shukshina, lesitsetfwe enovelini amaqhawe "Ngizokwenza kuwe" ukuze indaba yakhe eyathatha isikhathi esifushane. Lokhu kanye "Abagxeki bathi".

Ukulandisa ngamafuphi, kodwa kakhulu washo eqinisile. Ubungane ingane noyisemkhulu lifakazela ithonya elikhulu bafakela ke by the nature abasafufusa yale ndoda ebona ubudala. Okuningi kahle, mhlawumbe, ukuthi kungadabukisa kanjani uma indodana yakhe wayeneminyaka ekhathalela kakhulu imfundo uyise, kodwa njengoba kwenzeka, futhi kungaba, ngcono. Khulisa umfana neze ukuphinda amaphutha ezinjalo. Ngifuna ukuyikholelwa.