Umlobi lorens Darrell: A Biography kanye nomsebenzi

Lesi sihloko uzobe anikelwe lokhu abadumile Umlobi oyiNgisi, efana lorens Darrell. Namuhla kuyaqapheleka njengendlela Classic kwekhulu lama-20. Kunzima ukukucabanga, kodwa ekuqaleni ukugxekwa kwakhe umsebenzi kunalokho isimo sengqondo esingaqondile emsebenzini wakhe. Darrell osolwa mbumbulu esidabukisayo futhi verbiage nezinhlamvu ngokuthi okushiwo futhi akunasisekelo. Iminyaka yadlula, futhi isikhathi ekuchazeni yonke into, namuhla kukhona akungabazeki ukuthi isipho kwezincwadi umbhali.

Lorens Darrell: A Biography

Lorens Dzhordzh Durrell Wabelethwa ngenyanga kaMhlolanja ngomhlaka 27, 1912 eNdiya edolobheni elincane elibizwa ngokuthi Dzhallandhar etholakala eduze Tibet. Abazali bakhe, umama Irish Luiza Florens Dixie noyise eyiNgisi sika Lourens Samyuel Durrell, kwaba, Isimanga siwukuthi, kunezilwane abomdabu waseNdiya. inhlanganisela enjalo bezizwe ezihlukahlukene babeba nethonya elikhulu kubantu kumiswa umbhali, futhi kamuva umsebenzi wakhe. Darrell wakholwa ukuthi uye 'isimo sengqondo Tibetan. "

Ujwayele England

Ingabe Darrell kancane yaphela lapho eneminyaka engu-11 ubudala. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi wathunyelwa England emkhunjini kangangokuba wayengeke bathola ifundo egcwele. lenkaba zomlando ekhiqizwa osemusha umbono ezicindezelayo benyukumele. Indlela Yokuphila bendawo awakholelwa ke "ukufa ngesiNgisi." Nakuba asele alien ngokuphelele ukuphila isiNgisi, Darrell akazange ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha, wonke amabutho nimelana ukuphila ngokomthetho lesikole. Waba yini umphumela walesi ukumelana kwakuwukuthi wehluleka ukudlula yokungena ukuhlolwa eyunivesithi.

Akukona uphatheke kabi Darrell, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi ukuthi yenza isinqumo, okuyinto eyaba ebulalayo - wanquma ukwenza umsebenzi njengoba umlobi. Ekuqaleni, wayehlanganyela babenezinkinga kwencazelo unendlela yakhe kokubili temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba futhi izinkondlo, kodwa kancane kancane umbhali isinqumo ngoba mina lowo mbuzo.

emphakathini kokuqala

Ngo-1931, umlobi esizayo washukumiseleka ukuba London. Ngokokuqala ngqá ngo-1932, enyatheliswa lorens Darrell (tinkondlo iqoqo "isinqamu bezitolo"). Khona-ke ngo-1933, it ikhishwa ukubayisigebengu etemibhalo Shaw "bromo Bombastus". Lo msebenzi Lawrence ekhishwe ngaphansi omunye lezibizo yakhe - Geffer Pisleyk.

Ngo-1935, Darrell wathola kusukela ukushicilela ngesiGreki imali eningi, bathuthela neCorfu, lapho wathwebula endlini. Kube Darrell invents ngokwayo elinye igama - Charles Norden. Ngaphansi leli gama eshicilelwe ngowokuqala "Pied umtshingo uthando" umbhali romance, ukushicilela "uCassel".

Izinqumo ezibalulekile (1935)

Kulo nyaka, kwakunabamemezeli izenzakalo ezimbili owawubalulekile umlobi, wathonywa umsebenzi wakhe. Okokuqala, lorens Darrell uncenga nonina nomkakhe uNancy ukuhambisa ukuba neCorfu (Greece). Wagomela yokuthi ukuze bakwazi ukulondoloza okuncane uzophule kusukela ebusika ngesiNgisi. kakhulu Impilo eGreece isibe isambulo sangempela Darrell - waqaphela ukuthi uxhumano yakhe India yamila. Lapha wenza uhlaka incwadi, okuyinto iphenduke uchungechunge "Alexandria Quartet" esikhathini esizayo.

Okwesibili, ngifunda Lawrence inoveli "Tropic of Cancer" Genri Millera, bese wabhalela umlobi. Lokhu kwakuwumnikelo ka-kuyisiqalo sokuba umngane oqinile, owathatha iminyaka engu-45. Miller Darrell ngokuvamile kwakuhambisana. Babemunye zaziqhutshwa ukuthanda izincwadi charm Ekude. ngokushesha Miller wayezazisa ithalente kwezincwadi umngane omusha nangokuziphatha okwamsekela lapho ukugxekwa lizwakalise ngokucijile ngemisebenzi esisha Darrell.

umsebenzi wokubhala

Ngo-1936 wakhipha umqulu umsebenzi wesibili ebalulekile Spring umbhali yokwethuka. Leli gama ngeke lihunyushelwe isiRashiya, njengasezulwini osekelwe kuyo ukudlala ngamagama - lokhu nkulumo ibhekisela kokubili izihlilingi entwasahlobo futhi bethukile (lisuselwa egameni Pan, lonkulunkulu ngesiGreki) entwasahlobo.

In parallel nalokhu inoveli lorens Darrell abasebenza umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala "sina" ukuthi liye labizwa ngokuthi "Black Book." Le noveli yanyatheliswa ngo-1938 e kohlaka "Villa Seurat Series", bese endlini ukushicilela "Obelisk Cindezela", okuyinto unedumela ihlazo. I Lishicilelwe ngosizo uMnu Miller.

IMpi Yezwe II

Lorens Darrell - Ababhali ababekhuluma, njengezinye eziningi, kwadingeka ukuba zidlule seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili.

Ngo-1939 wangenela inkonzo kwelinye izikole ngesiGreki, okuyizinto ugadwe eBritish Council, umfundisi ngesiNgisi. Nokho, umsebenzi wakhe wokufundisa eyathatha isikhathi eside. Kakade 1941, ngaphambi nje kokuba amaJalimane ashaqe neCorfu Durrell umndeni waphoqeleka ukuba bahlale ngokwehlukana. Umama yathatha amadodana amabili abasebasha noGerald Leslie (kamuva waba umlobi) uthunyelwa eNgilandi. Margot, udadewabo Lawrence, ekuqaleni uya uhlale neCorfu, kodwa kamuva uthathile omunye abashayeli bezindiza British, kamuva owaba umyeni wakhe. Lawrence yena nomkakhe nendodakazi oneminyaka engu-Penelope hamba eKrethe, bese abalekele Cairo.

Kakade e Cairo konakalisa elala nomkamfowabo yakhe, futhi Darrell ngo-1942, wathumela e-Aleksandriya, lapho ahlangana khona nge Evoy Koen, okuzoba sibonelo of "Justine" encwadini umlingisi lomcoka. E Alexandria, Lawrence waqokwa komkhulumeli British Information Service. Ngaphezu kwakho konke enkonzweni umbhali wahosha ukuthi wayekwazi ukubona leyo mizwa, imibono nobuntu ukuthi engaholela ekutholeni kuphela Alexandria lempi, silokhu sikhonza njengamaphayona esikhathi iphuzu umhlangano eMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga.

Iminyaka yangemva kwempi

Phakathi no-1945, lorens Darrell (izithombe kungabonakala umbhali wale sihloko) ubuyela Greece, usukhululiwe, wathi, 'ngesimiso ejele waseGibhithe. " Waqala iba Rhodes, lapho achitha khona iminyaka emibili njengoba Director of Public Relations. Khona-ke, ngo-1947, Darrell waya Argentina Cordoba edolobheni ukuthatha indawo umqondisi we-British Institute.

Kusukela ngo-1949, umlobi abahlala Belgrade (eYugoslavia), esebenza njengomshushisi attaché cindezela ngesikhathi British Embassy. Ngo-1952 washiya lesi sikhundla futhi zayiswa Cyprus, afuna ukunikela sonke isikhathi sakhe ukuze izifundo ezincwadi. Ukuze ukuphila kulesi sikhathi, ihola imali ukuziphilisa nokufundisa isiNgisi. Nokho, ngemva konyaka Cyprus kugqashuka impi phakathi kwama abaseTurkey, owayefuna ukuzimela, amaGreki ababefuna ukuxhuma lizwe eGreece, kanye nayo iBritish, ofuna ukugcina zonke esiqhingini ngaphansi kophiko lwayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, Darrell kwesokunxele imfundiso nemisebenzi e Nicosia isikhulu obhekene nobudlelwano zomphakathi. Izenzakalo kwale minyaka edabukisayo zazibonakala incwadi umbhali "Ulamula Umunyu," eshicilelwe ngo-1957.

imisebenzi Okukhulu

Okuningi ku Cyprus umbhali waqala umsebenzi incwadi "Justine", okuyinto kwaba ingxenye yokuqala yesigodi ethi "Alexandria Quartet". Kwaphela umjikelezo kwaba ngo-1956, futhi amanoveli ashicilelwe phakathi 1957 no-1961. Lo msebenzi ube yimpumelelo enkulu, hhayi nje phakathi abafundi, kodwa futhi baxgeki.

Eminyakeni eyalandela, Darrell wabhala imijikelezo ezimbili, "Avignon Quintet" futhi "Ukudlondlobala Aphrodite." Nokho, akekho noyedwa mikhiqizo aba nempumelelo ezifana "Quartet". Ngingahlukani nesazi izinkondlo, ngo-1980 wanyathelisa iqoqo izinkondlo zakhe, ngokuthi Tinkondlo eziqoqiwe.

ukuphila Siqu

Four oshadile lorens Darrell. ukuphila Umlobi siqu kwaba njengoba engenakulibaleka ibe umsebenzi wokuphila kwabo.

Umkakhe wokuqala kwaba Nensi Mayers. Unyaka esiqondile umshado wabo ndawo kushiwo, kodwa siyazi ukuthi ngo-1935, base nomfazi. Ngo-1940 umbhangqwana saba nendodakazi, Penelope. Nokho, ngemva kweminyaka engu-2 Darrell elinqunywe bonke ubuhlobo nomkakhe kanye waya e-Alexandria. Nancy yena, kanye kancane Penelope waya eJerusalema.

Ngo-Alexandria, umlobi ihlangabezana Eva Cohen, bona iqale nomakhwapheni. Darrell yonke indawo uthatha le ntombazane naye njengoba nonobhala wakhe siqu. Naphezu ubuhlobo obuseduze nobani, Lawrence kokuhlukanisa Nancy ngo-1946, futhi kamuva ngonyaka ashade Eva. Ngo-1950, lo mbhangqwana nendodakazi, ngokuthi Sappho.

Eva ohlushwa isifo sengqondo, futhi ngo-1951 isimo sakhe siba sibi. Ngo-1953, owesifazane kwenzekani ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa. Ubudlelwano obuphakathi umbhali nomkakhe sawohloka.

Ngo-1957, Darrell kuhanjiswe ku Provence nge Claude Vansendon, umfazi omusha. Kodwa ngo-1966 lo mbhangqwana uthuthela Somere lapho Lawrence uzophila impilo yakhe yonke. Claude ukubona umdlavuza, okuyindawo eshona ngo 1967 esibhedlela Zurich.

Darrell washada ngo-1974 kuya Zhislen De Boisson, imodeli. Nokho, umshado akuzange kuhlale isikhathi eside, emva kweminyaka 5, umbhangqwana uhlukana.

Umlobi wafa 7 Novemba 1990 emzini wakhe e-France.

Lorens Darrell: amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Empeleni, konke ukuphila komlobi kungenziwa ngokuthi iqiniso elithakazelisayo - bambalwa kakhulu abantu davilos njengoba ukuvakasha nokuthuthela ushintsho imisebenzi njengoba. Namanje ukwazi umbono ka Darrell ezweni lethu.

Naphezu kwayo okukhulu eYurophu, umbhali waseRussia eyaziwa ngokuthi umzalwane Gerald Durrell, umbhali semvelo.

Futhi umbhali zokubhala eziningana kwamafilimu lorens Darrell, amaqiniso ethakazelisayo esiphila kuso manje enumerate. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkanyezi e Emidwebweni eminingi, uHenry Miller amafilimu kanye "I-World at neMpi", yena wadlala ngokwakhe.

"I-Alexandria Quartet"

Lona umjikelezo wokuqala umbhali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvumelana abagxeki, kuba into enhle kakhulu eyake wabhala lorens Darrell. "Balthazar" - Incwadi 2nd ochungechungeni ithandwa kakhulu phakathi abafundi.

Umjikelezo kakhulu efanayo izinkulumo mayelana ubuhlobo babantu, imizwa kanye nemithetho abangenasihe zokuphila. Futhi uma noveli yokuqala "Justine" iyindaba yothando, owesibili, othi "Balthazar", iveza emlandweni olwalusikisela zezombusazwe kanye umphenyi. Singasho ukuthi kwencwadi ngayinye elandelayo esishintsha umbono we umfundi, okuvumela ukuba ubone okwenzekayo ngakolunye uhlangothi.

Futhi ochungechungeni kuhlanganisa amanoveli "Mountolive", echaza izenzakalo egameni likaDavide Mountolive futhi "clea", okuyinto enikeziwe umphumela onengqondo konke iye yachazwa ezinhlwini ezingu amabhuku yangaphambili chungechunge.