Baxgeki Literary - ubani lo? ukugxekwa Russian

kwemibhalo yisici lokusungula, on the esengozini art (ie, emaciniso) kanye nesayensi ngakho (kwemibhalo). Bobani ochwepheshe kulo? Abagxeki - lawa abantu babandakanywe ku-kokuhlaziywa nencazelo imisebenzi ngokombono yesimanjemanje (kuhlanganise umbono izinkinga ngokucindezelwa impilo engokomoya kanye nenhlalo), kanye imibono yabo siqu, phikisana, iveze izimiso okudala ukunyakaza ahlukahlukene tetemibhalo, sigqoke inqubo kwezincwadi ithonya asebenzayo, kanye kungithinte kumiswa ngiqaphele ezithile emphakathini. Zisekelwe emlandweni futhi inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela izincwadi, sobuhle bayo kanye nefilosofi.

ngokuvamile kwemibhalo nezombusazwe futhi baqonde izinto ezenzekayo, uhlamvu lesibonwa, kwahlanganiswa ne-journalism. Kukhona ubuhlobo obuseduze wesayensi alo ahlobene: wezifundo zezombusazwe, umlando, ukugxeka kombhalo, yezilimi, lwezincwadi.

ukugxekwa Russian

Zomsoli Belinsky wabhala ukuthi zonke sikhathi kwezincwadi zezwe lakithi kwaba ngokwakho ukwazi, okuyinto sivezwe kula-mbisana nokugxekwa.

Kunzima ukuba uvumelane nalenkulumo. ukugxekwa Russian - njengoba enzeka eliyingqayizivele futhi okuphawuleka, njengoba nezincwadi zakudala Russian. Kufanele kuqashelwe. abalobi ezahlukene (umgxeki Belinsky, isibonelo) waphawula izikhathi eziningi ukuthi, nokuba ngokwemvelo zokwenziwa, nendima enkulu empilweni wezwe lethu umphakathi. Masikhumbule abalobi odume kunabo bonke baye bazinikela ekutadisheni zabuna. baxgeki Russian - kuyinto DI Pisarev, N. Dob, AV Druzhinin, AA Grigoriev, VG Belinsky nabanye abaningi, isihloko equkethe hhayi kuphela ukuhlaziya eningiliziwe imisebenzi, kodwa futhi izici kwezobuciko yabo, imibono, izithombe. Babefuna ubone isithombe izinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu kwezobuciko zezenhlalo nesimilo ngaleso sikhathi, futhi bamba nje kuphela kodwa futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukunikela izixazululo zabo.

Inani ukugxekwa

Izihloko eyabhalwa baxgeki isiRashiya, futhi manje uqhubeka ukuba nethonya elikhulu ekuphileni kokuziphatha nokungokomoya umphakathi. Abanaso ngephutha Sekuyisikhathi eside kufakwe ohlelweni okuphoqelekile okwenziwa ezikhungweni zemfundo esikoleni ezweni lethu. Nokho, izifundo kwezincwadi amashumi eminyaka abafundi abajwayelene ikakhulu izihloko abagxeka orientation olukhulu. Abagxeki bathi lesi simo - DI Pisarev, N. Dob, NG Chernyshevsky, VG Belinsky nabanye. Kulokhu, umsebenzi walesi abalobi zivame waqonda njengoba umthombo izingcaphuno, okuyinto esivulekile 'ehlotshisiwe "abafundi Tindzaba yabo.

engaguqukiyo

Le ndlela ekutadisheni zabuna kwakheka bezibona kwezobuciko kwenkolelo engaguqukiyo, ukubuka kakhulu nemvundo futhi lula isithombe mazombe seragelo elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni imibhalo isiRashiya, ihlukile, okokuqala kunakho konke, i-abanolaka yobuhle yokungakholelwa izingxabano.

Kungekudala, sibonga ukuvela eziningi ngokujulile izifundo, umbono Russian ukugxeka nezincwadi isibe yehlukene kaningi okubalwa futhi voluminous more. Yashicilelwa esihlokweni NN Strakhov, AA Grigoriev, NI Nadezhdin, IV Kireyevski, PA Vyazemsky, KN Batiushkov, NM Karamzin (bheka. UNikolai Mikhailovich portrait, zaveza ngu Tropinin, ngezansi) kanye nabanye abalobi esivelele ezweni lethu.

Izici ukuhluzwa kwemibhalo

Kuye kwanyatheliswa izincwadi - ubuciko izwi, okuyinto obusingethwe wobuciko, futhi enkulumweni yakhe kwemibhalo. Ngakho-ke, nomcwaningi Russian, njenganoma iyiphi enye, njalo kancane futhi umbhali, futhi umculi. Article ebhaliwe ngethalente, iqukethe Fusion ngempela enamandla zibona ezahlukene zokuziphatha futhi zefilosofi nombhali ne kokuma ezijulile futhi ezicashile phezu by umbhalo wobuciko. cwaningo Kuncane kakhulu ewusizo ihlinzeka esihlokweni esibucayi, uma wamukelwe njengoba uhlobo umbhedesho, wo hlinzeka main. zonke watshela lo mbhali kubalulekile ngokuhlakanipha nangokomzwelo Bakhumbule ukuthi umfundi ukunquma degree of ubufakazi agumenti ukubeka phambili yibo, ukucabanga mayelana nala umcabango. Ukugxekwa imisebenzi - akuyona into eyingqayizivele.

umbono siqu ukugxeka

Abagxeki - lawa abantu embule umbono wabo siqu umbhali, ukunikela nencazelo yabo siqu esiyingqayizivele umsebenzi. Article ngokuvamile kubangela kabusha ukuhumusha isithombe kwezobuciko, noma kungaba ukugxekwa incwadi. Okunye ukulinganisela kuthi nezahlulelo engase ngobuqili umsebenzi ukukhonza kokutholakala mbamba letimayelana nalesihloko umfundi lobhalwako kuphela, kodvwa okuthile kubonakala kithi debatable noma okungalungile. ukuqhathanisa ikakhulukazi ezithakazelisayo umsebenzi abalobi ezahlukene, noma omunye usebenza kusukela timvo letehlukene. kwemibhalo njalo usinikeza material ocebile kucabanga.

Ukujula ukugxekwa Russian etemibhalo

Asikwazi, isibonelo, sibheke umsebenzi Pushkina Aleksandra Sergeevicha, VV amehlo Rozanov, AA Grigorieva, VG Belinsky futhi IV Kireyevski, ngijwayele indlela waqonda ehlukile ababephila ngesikhathi Gogol sika inkondlo yakhe "Dead Imiphefumulo" (a baxgeki VG Belinsky, SP Shevyrev, KS Aksakov), engxenyeni heroes kwekhulu le-19 kulinganiselwa yesibili "Maye kusukela Wit "Griboyedov. Kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukuqhathanisa bezibona noveli "Oblomov" Goncharova ngendlela wabachazela DS Merezhkovsky futhi DI Pisarev. portrait zokugcina lapha ngenzansi.

Izihloko enikelwe imisebenzi LN UTolstoy

Ngokwesibonelo, ukugxekwa kakhulu tetemibhalo enikelwe umsebenzi LN UTolstoy. Amandla ukukhombisa "ubumsulwa umuzwa wokuziphatha, '" dialectics komphefumulo "iqhawe isebenza njengoba isici ithalente UTolstoy sika, ngomunye wabokuqala wavula futhi kumakwe NG Chernyshevsky ezihlokweni lakhe. Ekhuluma umsebenzi NN Strahov esizinikezele 'Impi Nokuthula ", singasho ilungelo eliphelele: zimbalwa imisebenzi e ukugxekwa yasekhaya tetemibhalo, okungase eceleni kwakhe phezu sokungena ku ngenhloso yombhali ukujula, ngokuvumelana imininingwane kanye nokunemba observation.

ukugxekwa Russian ekhulwini lama-20

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umphumela mpikiswano ngokuvamile acrimonious nezimfuno inselele ukugxekwa Russian bekulokhu ukuzinikela kwayo ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 'abuyele' kuya Pushkin isiko Russian, ukuze kube lula yayo nokuzwana. VV Rozanov, etshumayela isidingo lokhu, wabhala ukuthi ingqondo ka-Aleksandru kuvimbela umuntu wonke oyisiphukuphuku, ukuphana kwakhe - kuzo zonke inhlamba.

Maphakathi nawo-1920, kukhona ukusaphazela entsha kwamasiko. Isimo abasha ngemva kwempi yombango uthola, ekugcineni, ithuba sina ukubhekana isiko. Engxenyeni yokuqala ye-kwemibhalo ekhulwini lama-20 ubuswa esikoleni. abameleli Its main - Shklovsky, Tynyanov futhi Eichenbaum. Formalists, silahle imisebenzi yendabuko enze ukugxekwa - the setepolitiki, zokuziphatha, didactic - waphikelela ngokuthi umqondo ukuzimela zezincwadi on ukuthuthukisa umphakathi. Ngokwenza kanjalo, baye bahamba ngokumelene linqoba ngesikhathi nemibono kaMarx. Ngakho-ke, ukugxeka esisemthethweni kancane kancane kwaphela. Eminyakeni eyalandela, lesi sinqumo sasisekelwe okwangempela sezenhlalo. Ukugxekwa iba ezandleni isimo ithuluzi ingajezisa. Ubethula elibukhali ithunyelwe ngokuqondile e-ZANU PF. Kuzo zonke omagazini namaphephandaba babe ukwahlukana nokukhubekisa ukugxekwa ikholomu.

Namuhla, yebo, isimo sesishintshile kakhulu.