Registered Cossacks Russia

Abameleli beNdikimba ezimele kakhulu isiko Ethno-social ensimini ka-Russia, onegama eziqhenyayo Cossacks, banomlando omude futhi ekhazimulayo. Kwaphela amakhulu eminyaka, kube savela isiko eziyikho, yokuphila, imiqondo kanye nemithetho. Ngisho nangekhulu XIX, is a division of Cossack imiphakathi amaqembu amabili: labo akabubekezelelanga amandla phezu ngokwabo futhi uphile ngemithetho yabo, futhi labo bakhetha a umphakathi esisemthethweni, ngihola futhi eziqhutshwa ngaphansi isimiso esikhethekile. Lesi sakamuva libizwa Roster.

indaba

ERussia, imiphakathi Cossack zibalwa njengenhlangano nemizana ezimele yezempi, futhi lokho atholiwe emaphethelweni lizwe, kwi insimu eduze ne-Commonwealth nezinye izindawo abantu abahlala kuyo. Ukwakheka Ethnological kwakheka kancane kancane, emphakathini yokuzithandela weza runaway izigqila, izigelekeqe noma abantu abafuna ukuphila okungcono.

Ngo XVII ngekhulu, uhulumeni waphoqelela ukwethembeka we Cossacks nenkonzo yezempi, yingakho kwakukhona olwathatha ezinkulu, ngezinye izikhathi baze basongela ukuba kungani umbuso waseRoma wawunamandla (Pugachev ukuvukela). Ngemva kwalokho, isigaba wathola amalungelo ezakhamuzi ekhethekile, azishiye ithuba ukuba izwe labo futhi ukusungula kukhona isiko siqu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kokuba kwahulumeni nokulalela inhloko yezwe.

Akubona bonke bayavumelana nalokhu kuyindlela yokuphila, ezinye izinyunyana wayengafuni ukuba ilawulwe, ukuthuthukisa izinkambiso yayo yomunye siqu zokuphila nokuziphatha. Futhi namhlanje, kusenabantu umehluko omkhulu phakathi Cossacks zomphakathi kanye obhalisiwe, isinyathelo kaHulumeni ukuze ukuvuselelwa ukunyakaza eRussia ikhiqize eziningi mpikiswano emakamu amabili aphikisanayo.

umlando wanamuhla

Uhulumeni waseSoviet esetshenziswa izinyathelo elawula kakhulu maqondana Cossacks, ngemva kweMpi, abamele leli qembu yobuhlanga Civil abangu ngaphansi ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu, izixhumanisi bathotshiswe amalungelo endawo nempahla kanye nobuhlanga. Ukuvuselelwa Kwama-abantu liqala ngala nezinqumo uMongameli we Russian Federation ngo-1992 ku-ukuvuselelwa abantu becindezela.

Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, i-Government usungula umqondo omusha kwezinqubomgomo zomphakathi kuhloswe ngazo ukuqinisa ezokuphepha ezweni, kuhlanganise ngokusebenzisa ukuvuselelwa Cossacks. Nokukhankasela phakathi kwabantu, isevisi olusemthethweni athembisa eziningi amalungelo kanye nesimo ekhethekile.

Ekugcineni elibhalisiwe Cossacks laseRussia lathola zokulawula nohlaka olubhekele umsebenzi ngo-1998, lapho edalwa uhlu lwezinhlangano kufakwe kulesi sigaba. Lolu hlu ngokuvamile wagxeka umphakathi, ngakho, abaningi iphuzu ukuthi iningi labo abakhetha ukusebenza ngesikhathi ezibiyele, abanalo maqondana Cossacks, ngoba ngisho ngaphansi Boris Yeltsin ekilasini ababevunyelwe ukungena umuntu.

isizinda zomthetho

Ilungelo zenkonzo yomphakathi kuphela labo bantu abangabakhe omunye bhalisiwe encwadini okubhalwa kuyo imiphakathi. Zonke imisebenzi ye Cossacks has ngohlaka lomthetho esiqinile, idokhumenti Ukhiye uMthetho Federal of 05.12.2005 "Ngo State Service Russian Cossacks". Lapha lelipelwe kwencazelo imiphakathi ekhethekile, oda enhlanganweni yabo lifakwe kokubhaliswa ngokomthetho.

Ukuze zithole ukubonwa umphakathi kanye nesimo esifanele, bhalisiwe Cossacks noma izinhlangano zabo kufanele ahlinzeke emagunyeni esiphezulu madokumende alandelayo:

• yokutholwa emhlanganweni womphakathi usomqulu umphakathi, eqinisekisiwe iziphathimandla zendawo;
• uhlu emizaneni, imizana nemizana ayingxenye yenhlangano entsha;
• kwemvume wonke amalungu Umhlangano Omkhulu;
• uhlu Cossacks bhalisiwe, bakwazi futhi zizimisele ukugcina kwemsebenti wahulumende.

Eleven imiphakathi lempi, iningi lazo ezakhiwe esikhathini kusuka 1996 kuya ku-1998 yabhaliswa namuhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona izifunda ezine Cossack - Northwest, nendlunkulu yayo Petersburg, aseBaltic (Kaliningrad), Sevastopol kanye eCrimea.

Izinhlobo inkonzo yomphakathi

Ziningi namanje skeptical umzamo isimo yokulawula izinhlangano Cossack, alawule nomphakathi wabo kanye nokumela abantu. Independent Abamele izindlu abakholelwa nje ngendlela wokutshala zengqondo yokushisekela izwe kuleli zwe, isifiso kucabangela kunalokho sina inyunyana lempi amandla ophakeme.

Kodwa kukhona ezicini ezinhle kurhulumende, lokhu kuqinisekisa Izinyunyana ngisho umphakathi. Kuyinto umsebenzi olusemthethweni, ukusekela ngokwezimali, izinzuzo, ukuphathwa ngendlela ekhethekile. Uhulumeni Isinqumo sangomhla 26.02.2010 sisungula lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo kwahulumeni, lapho bangakwazi ukusebenza Cossacks Registered:

• inhlangano imfundo kwezempi-yokushisekela izwe ukubuthela, ukugcina amarekhodi amalungu omphakathi;
• ukuqaliswa imisebenzi komthetho, uma kunesidingo, iqhaza ekuvalweni eziphuthumayo;
• ukuvikelwa imingcele Russia, komthetho ukwesekwa, zokuvimbela futhi silwe usongo amaphekula;
• Ukuvikelwa kwamahlathi nomsebenzi izilwane zasendle e ngemvelo;
• ulonda amagugu zomphakathi lezinto lenani zomlando namasiko.

inkonzo yezempi

Sula izincazelo ngokuqondene nokuthi imiphi nezibopho kufanele athwale Cossacks ababhalisiwe Russia, kusekhona akukho. Kuphakama imibuzo kuqala ukuba ngingayi empini, ngakho ngokukhethekile ezishiwo uhulumeni wesikhashana isinqumo iphuzu ukuthi bale ekilasini abakwazi ukuhlela amaqembu ahlomile. Futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukulawulwa umthetho eyinhloko 2005 icacisa ukuthi:

1. Cossacks ikhuthaza semfundo engokomoya yokushisekela izwe ukubuthela, izitimela agcinele amasosha.
2. Cossacks ingenziwa ukuze ekucwileni ezikweletini eziphuthumayo, izinhlekelele zemvelo, futhi ukubamba iqhaza sezokuvikela.
3. Ukuqinisekisa ukulandelwa komthetho womphakathi nokuhleleka.

Kusukela 2011, i-Cossacks obhalisiwe ibhekane ngiyofundela ezempi bathunyelwa amayunithi ekhethekile yezempi, lapho ukuze baqhubeka, ophasiswe amaklasi abo. Kodwa lo mzamo uye kungafaneleki ngokwayo, regiments enjalo ayibanga Cossack, futhi ngo-2014 zokuphila zikhanga ngokukhethekile kukhanselwe.

Eminyakeni yamuva, kwakukhona umkhuba usebenzisa amabutho Cossack kwemisebenzi zokuphepha, kukhona amayunithi olukhethekile amaphoyisa, ezokuphepha ezimbonini ezizimele, okuyinto ziyefana izikhulu Interior Ministry zigcine ukuhleleka ukukubambezela abantu abaye bawephula umthetho.

idivayisi yesimanje

Ukuvela isiqondiso zezomthetho kwemisebenzi bebengakabanjwa yi Cossacks ngomdlandla. Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi abakwazanga ukuba abuyisele lokhokho, futhi manje yonkana abameleli ezweni izigodi kufakwe umsebenzi komthetho, ukuphenywa kokuphulwa ubugebengu kanye wokulwa nobuphekula. Izithombe Cossacks obhalisiwe ukubonisa umsebenzi wabo empilweni yomphakathi: base amalungu yamathanga lempi, amamashi, yokushisekela izwe noma esiza abantulayo izenzakalo.

Kukhona ngokwahlukana ecacile izinhlobo zezinhlangano, esungulwe endaweni yokuqala kwi ukusungulwa irejista, yokwehlayo ekhethekile.

1. I zokulawula umzimba - uMkhandlu ngaphansi uMongameli we Russian Federation.
2. Troop Cossack umphakathi.
3. Isifunda kanye ngabanye.
4. Yesifunda qhugwane (olwaqala ngo-2005).
5. The Village, Hamlet, idolobha.

Ngaphezu ejensi kubhaliswe ngokusemthethweni ensimini ka Russia kukhona Izinyunyana eziningana, ezihlanganisa Registered Cossacks. Emihlanganweni yesifunda jikelele unqume ukuthi ukhetha izikhulu ezintsha, nomvuzo nokugqugquzela labo ubé ezibalulekile wonke eyayidingida izinkinga zezenhlalakahle kuxoxwa.

Insignia

Ngokusho umthetho kahulumeni, kufanele amaviyo ngamaviyo, kwaba ezinhlwini akhethekile timphawu can kuphela Cossacks, ukuba kwahulumeni. I-oda ukugqoka timphawu kanye namafomu elisungulwe ngomthetho №169 kusukela 10.02.2010 futhi 10.12.2010 №171. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhundla sokuba uCaptain esabela lifaka Ataman umphakathi noma amasosha, njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla - ummeleli plenipotentiary uMongameli Russian futhi uMongameli yena.

Ngo nezinqumo Uhulumeni akuyona ngokucacile lelipelwe kwezincazelo ngokusentshenziswa timphawu, ukuze isifunda ngasinye ubeka imitsetfo ayo mayelana ifomu kanye nohlobo izintambo ehlombe. Kube ezilandelayo uhlu lifaka:

1. Ngezansi: Cossack, umabhalane, usayitsheni junior, usayitsheni, usayitsheni abaphezulu, usayitsheni junior, usayitsheni, usayitsheni abaphezulu.
2. Okudala nangaphezulu: podhorunzhy, Cornet, eyinduna yekhulu, podesaul, Cossack induna, ibutho nosayitsheni, a Colonel Cossack, Cossack Jikelele.

Amalungu izinhlangano zemiphakathi abavunyelwe ukuba afake noma yiluphi timphawu, phakathi kwabo kukhona ukusatshalaliswa ezahlukene amandla, ngokuvumelana namasiko endala abantu.

ukubukeka

Cossacks ozama ukulondoloza amasiko okhokho, ikakhulukazi izingubo, nakuba ukufakwa kwabo kakhulu ngesimo abasebenzi bakahulumeni ishintshile ngezindlela eziningi, kwaba khona inqubo iqoqo ukuthwala. Each gwamanda izici ekhethekile esiwuphawu ekubukekeni kwamalungu ayo.

Ngo-2010 izimiso kulokho kufanele kube ngendlela Cossacks obhalisiwe yashicilelwa. Kukhona le mikhakha elandelayo:

• nsuku;
• izintaba;
• phambi okukhipha;
• umbukiso sokuprakthiza;
• phambi ekhethekile.

Konke lokhu izinqumo okungenani ngokwengxenye okubili lomthetho Wezangaphakathi futhi Armed Forces, nakuba amabutho Cossack ngeke babe namalungelo afanayo lezo zakhiwo. nezenzo zazo nokwenzeka ngaphezulu ukusiza amaphoyisa aqapha.

Imigomo yokwemukela

kuphakama nemibuzo eyengeziwe maqondana kuyanda emikhulu zomoya yokushisekela izwe labantu Russian mayelana nendlela abe Cossacks kubhaliswe. Izindophi kwababusi lesi sigaba esithile efunwa kakhulu, ikhandidethi akumelwe aphile iminyaka eminingi esifundeni nangendlela eyakhayo sizibonakalisa.

Umfakisicelo uqokwa isikhathi probationary, lapho yena waba nengxenye emihlanganweni ngaphandle ilungelo lokuvota, ukufunda ngezimiso. Umbuzo wokugcina we ukufakwa ikhandidethi ohlwini Cossacks obhalisiwe isinqumo ngevoti iningi; ziyakuhlushwa isitifiketi ekhethekile. Nokho, ezakheke akuyona lolubekwe, ukuze izindawo ingatholakala amasampula ahlukene kule dokhumenti.

Cossacks nasemasontweni obu-Orthodox

zobuKristu nemibono namuhla ekuqaleni kwazo zonke izimiso Cossacks Russian, ngisho e-kweminyaka yokucindezelwa futhi ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe izixhumanisi abantu bezama ukulondoloza izisekelo ukholo lwabo. Ngakho-ke, lo imvuselelo nineties we ekilasini kwakuhlobene eduze iBandla kanye nethonya layo.

Ukholo Orthodox kuyisisekelo wonke amalungu aleli qembu yobuhlanga, naphezu umehluko phakathi Cossacks zomphakathi kanye obhalisiwe, imigidi imikhosi uzigcinile ngokucophelela. Omunye wemigomo enkulu nokumela imiphakathi yiso ukuvuswa Amasiko obuKristu entsheni futhi ukukhulisa izimiso eziphikelelayo zokuziphatha.

izinkinga

ngaphansi kokuqondisa uMongameli isiphetho Cossack ka umbuzo kutfutfuka Russian Federation ngokuqondile, kodwa nokho kukhona namanje izinkinga eziningi kungalungiswanga. Lokhu kusebenza umehluko enkulu emibonweni yabantu nasendleleni omphakathi kanye nohulumeni izinhlangano, radeyut kuqala ukuze kulondolozwe kwezitatimende ezibhalwe phansi zamalungelo yeningi ngaphakathi izinhlangano, kuyilapho abanye singaphoqi ephoqelelwe ukuba izwe.

ngokuvamile Labo babe wayezazi kahle ukuziphatha kwabantu unesithakazelo umbuzo wokuthi kufanele ukwamukela iholo Cossacks obhalisiwe. Iyini inkonzo - duty noma emsebenzini? Ngokuvamile, imivuzo engokwezimali kwazo ukuzulazula agade emigwaqweni, ehambisana nokutakula noma imisebenzi yezempi, kanye nenani esikhokhelwayo, isibonelo, i-Kuban esifundeni zabashokobezi kuyinto ruble ayizigidi 21-25. It isanda avunyelwe ukudala izinkampani Cossack zonogada ezizimele ukuvikela izikhungo ezimele kanye nekahulumeni.

Abaphikisi iphuzu uhlelo elibhalisiwe ngamacala federal njengendlela ukulawula futhi kuqinisekwe ukuthi ukubulawa oda kwaphezulu, siphawula ukuthuthukiswa yenkohlakalo zezinhloko amayunithi lempi. Abadala nge ukunganeliseki ubheka lokho Cossacks esetshenziswa ngetinhloso tetepolitiki. Zonke lezi umehluko ahlale okumelwe zixazululwe, noma bushelelezi, abantu ehloniphekile akazange alahlekelwe izimpande zabo kanye namasiko.