Koloni eningizimu Ningizimu Melika: incazelo, izithombe

Isikhova i-great okutholakele ezindawo okwenzeka ngesikhathi lapho kuyinto isayensi ezinjalo ezibalulekile of ekudwetshweni kwamabalazwe lakhiwe. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi abanye amaphutha enziwa sokunquma izixhumanisi capes esisogwini emaphethelweni aleli zwekazi. Ngakho, "ebaleni" Ningizimu Melika kuyinto eCape Horn. Nguye isikhathi eside futhi ayebhekwa iphuzu eningizimu kakhulu kumephu.

Nokho, endaweni ezwekazini namanje kungenye izimpawulo. Wabiza Frouord. Kuyinto iCape eningizimu Ningizimu Melika. Leli qiniso elaziwa emhlabeni jikelele. Mayelana naye, futhi abanye iziphambeko ezindawo Kuzoxoxwa.

ukuphela emhlabeni

Izivakashi ezivela emhlabeni wonke bakhangwa amaphuzu okwedlulele we amazwekazi. Ngo -Ningizimu Melika, ngokwesibonelo, eseningizimu lwase ngaphambili kubhekwe eCape Horn. Lalivulwe ku 29.01.1616 ngonyaka futhi isikhathi eside asetshenziswa ngokuyiphutha le nephuzu zaleli zwekazi. Kodwa isayensi akemi namanje. Ngemva ukubukeka ikhono ukucacisa izixhumanisi enephutha ezincane, kwaba sobala ukuthi kukhona omunye izimpawulo, esemgwaqweni eningizimu Uphondo.

Namuhla, Cape eseningizimu Melika libizwa Frouord (Cape yabaphambeneyo). Lokhu "ukuphela kwezwe" womhlaba kuyinto eChile, eNhlonhlweni Brunswick. Nokho, lesi akusona nephuzu ingxenye wathi zomhlaba.

Eningizimu yale nhlonhlo imelelwa qoqo leziqhingi ezincane. Le ndawo ingqikithi iziqhingi zakhona lingaphansi kuka 1 km². Lapha kuba lapha iphuzu eningizimu kakhulu. Itholakala km 100 eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-edumile eCape Horn esiqhingini ngagama Izikhathi zokubonisana uthando njengendoda Diego Ramirez.

izixhumanisi

Ukuze ngikwenze kucace ukuthi kungani eCape Horn akulona iphuzu ezikude kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuba sicabangele izixhumanisi capes yeNingizimu Melika. Lokhu kuzosusa le ndaba.

Indawo edumile eCape Horn namuhla kuchazwa ngokunembile kakhulu. Ngakho, kuba nephuzu ku 50º59 'eningizimu latitude entshonalanga longitude 67º17'. Ukubheka ibalazwe, ungabona ukuthi iCape ivuliwe Frouord 53º54 'eningizimu latitude entshonalanga longitude 71º20'. Lokhu kuyisizathu esenza ukuba Uphondo ayikwazi kubhekwe nephuzu iningi ezwekazini i-Ningizimu Melika.

Ulwazi izivakashi, iphuzu elisentshonalanga eNingizimu neMelika iyona Cape ePunta Pariñas, esemgwaqweni ku 4º40 'eningizimu latitude entshonalanga longitude 81º20'. Futhi iphuzu esempumalanga iCape neyaziwayo Cabo Branco 7º10 'eningizimu latitude entshonalanga longitude 34º47'. Lapha njalo wenza izivakashi uhambo.

Uma sicabanga izixhumanisi iziqhingi ezikude kakhulu zaleli ezihlasela lezi ziqhingi njalo, singathola lapha futhi isiqhingi Diego Ramirez. Izixhumanisi amaphuzu eseningizimu kukhona 56º30 'eningizimu latitude entshonalanga longitude 68º43'. Uma sibheka la idatha, kuba sobala ukuthi eCape Horn empeleni ngisho nangendlela encane, kodwa kuya enyakatho.

eCape Horn

Ngakho, Cape enyakatho ngaphezulu Ningizimu Melika ngaphansi kwegama entabeni esisogwini emaphethelweni aleli zwekazi. Lomlomo waso senzeka eminyakeni engu-400 edlule. Yanikwa igama behlonipha edolobheni e Netherlands Hoorn. Lapha Ngazalwa futhi wahlala wamazwe uWilliam Cornelis Schouten. Nguye e Ngo-1616 wakwazi azungeze izwe.

Igama umkhumbi wabahloli lokuqala imikiswe iCape abadumile wayebuye Uphondo. Yena abahambi bakwazi ukufika olusePatagonia. Umkhumbi wahlala lawa manzi, ngoba kwaba khona umlilo phezu kwalo.

Ngokuvamile, nakhu omunye emathuneni edume kunazo imikhumbi. Umzila ophakathi kwe-Atlantic nePacific Ocean waziwa izivunguvungu yako emibi futhi fogs. Kwaphela isigamu sekhulu leminyaka (1877-1927 GG.) Ingabe ezingaphezu kuka-80 imikhumbi Ngishoné. Indlela ngokusebenzisa Drake uMzila yake umzila kuphela evumela ematilosini ukuba athole e-Atlantic Ocean. Ngezinye izikhathi ebhukuda eduze eCape Horn yephuza amasonto noma izinyanga.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

By the way, phambi indlela Atlantic Ocean zinikezwa kuphela eNingizimu Melika. ECape Horn ayebhekwa umzila kuphela okuyinto abadayisi amatilosi kungashiya amanzi iPacific ukundlula zwekazi. Kuphela ngo-1920, iPanama Canal lakhiwa.

Futhi kuze kube yileso sikhathi, sonke travel wadlula iCape echazwe abaphambukayo njengento umzila enyakatho ngokusebenzisa Arctic Ocean akuvunyelwe ukuba adabule ulwandle lwaba Atlantic. Umkhumbi i-canal kwaba lincane kakhulu, futhi imikhumbi ayikwazanga ukwenza aqondisa kulolu lwandle. A strong esiphikisayo ukugeleza, okuyinto kuchazwa lapha futhi ngathiyeka kuhambeke-Arctic Ocean.

Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, Laba, amatilosi abahwebi kwadingeka isiketi elula eCape Horn. Iyona futhi eyayikhipha nobunzima obuningi. Nokho, sibanqobe kuphela, amatilosi akwazi ukuqhubeka nohambo lwabo.

Imvelo ezinzima yaseningizimu "uphela omhlaba"

capes Extreme yeNingizimu Melika etholakala emanzini elinezinkathazo, okuyinto nzima kakhulu indlela nemikhumbi evela zasePacific Atlantic. Lapha kukhona wamanje oqinile i isiqondiso mpumalanga. Ukuxuba abandayo futhi efudumele emoyeni uquqaba kwenzeka kule ndawo ngokuvamile. Ngenxa yalokho, i-zasezindaweni akhiwa. Bathwala imvula, neziphepho kanye nezivunguvungu. Bad sezulu izinsuku 285 ebusa kule ngxenye olwandle ngonyaka, ngenxa ngokuvamile lokho kuyindlela ezinqala iwukusebenzisa inkungu.

Ngenxa inaccessibility bayo, capes oseningizimu Melika ngiye ngazuza eziningi tinganekwane izindaba. Ngaphambili, amatilosi ayehlose ukufika imikiswe eCape Horn, wayenelungelo lokwenqaba ukuba bafake izindandatho zegolide. Wagqoka kwendlebe yangakwesobunxele. Namuhla amanzi "uphela zomhlaba" njengoba ukubuyisa kunanini ngaphambili. Ngakho-ke, abaningi amatilosi lanamuhla futhi namanje ukweyisa ngawo inhlekelele yemvelo.

ECape Horn, elichazwa lezo abalobi ezidumile njengoba Zhyul Vern futhi Edgar Allan Poe, ku umbono wabo, ingenye yezindawo ezinzima futhi zasendle emhlabeni. Yilokho edonsela namuhla abahloli bamazwe.

Cape Frouord

I eseningizimu eNingizimu Melika Cape Frouord elise Strait of Magellan. NgesiNgisi igama lakhe kuzwakala "ukuvukela", "sangamabomu" futhi "okungekuhle." Leli gama wanikwa iCape kufike emuva 1587. Notorious pirate T. Kendvish wadlula la mazwe ngomzamo unqobe ezinzima izimo zezulu. Kungenxa ubunzima ayeyobhekana nokho ngehlelwe yilokhu amatilosi ngasogwini Cape Frouord, futhi waqanjwa ngokuthi leli zwe.

Namuhla, izivakashi oza Peninsula, kuyabonakala lapha esiphambanweni elikhulu eliphakeme ngemitha elilodwa lensimbi. Yakhiwa ngo-1987, ngokuhlanganyela kuvulwa ukuvakashelwa eChile ka uPapa. Azisekho abantu baphile, kuphela ohlangothini okuphambene lighthouse izimpawulo lakhiwa. Eliseduze ukuhlaliswa kwabantu kuyodingeka ukushayela amakhilomitha angaba ngu-40 ukuya enyakatho.

Islands Diego Ramirez

Ezingxenyeni ezikude kakhulu inhlonhlo ye-South America, njengoba kuboniswe ngenhla, akuyona weyesi kulesi siqondiso. Islands Diego Ramirez itholakala eningizimu olwengeziwe. Nangu eseningizimu yaleli ingxenye yezwe, ezifana Melika.

Leli qoqo yakhiwa iziqhingi eziningana ezincane, amatshe, eliphuma ngaphezu kwamanzi. Ubude wabo 5.5 nautical miles. Iziqhingi ezinkulu Bartolomé futhi Gonzalo. Ekugcineni kukhona esiteshini esincane sezulu.

I umkhumbi lomhlaba ezingavamile kakhulu. Esiteshini sezulu iyikhaya akukho abasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-5. Abane kubona - emabuthweni laseChile Navy. Kukhona usosayensi othile. Bona ngemfudumalo wabingelela izivakashi ezingavamile. Guqula esiqhingini ihlala izinyanga 4. Ngemva kwalokho Gonzalo kufika iqembu elisha. Tours nazi futhi ezingavamile kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukuba athole imvume ekhethekile.

Njengoba igama futhi kuyini iCape eningizimu mpumalanga yeNingizimu Melika, kungenzeka ukuba sixoshe zonke izinganekwane nemibono eyiphutha. Kuyinto ngokushesha, izwe wesiphepho cishe emaphethelweni emhlabeni.