Namagciwane abangela izifo futhi izinhlobo zawo

Amagciwane angabasizi nezilwanyana ezincane prokaryotic isakhiwo yeselula. osayizi wabo - kusukela microns 0.1 kuya ku-30.

Amagciwane zivamile kakhulu. Zihlala inhlabathi, umoya, amanzi, iqhwa, ngisho iziphethu ezishisayo, umzimba isilwane, kanye ingaphakathi eziphilayo, kuhlanganise nabantu.

Izinhlobo ezinkulu zama-bacterium

Ukusatshalaliswa amagciwane ngezinhlobo zezilwane kusekelwe nezimfuno eziningi, phakathi okuyinto avame acabangele indlela ezincane-eziphilayo nendawo yabo ngekwendzawo. Ngakho, ngesimo amaseli webhaktheriya zihlukaniswe zibe:

• Coca - micro, abanikazi degree kanye streptococci, staphylococci, futhi sartsiny;

• induku - monobacterium, diplobakterii futhi streptobakterii;

• convoluted izinhlobo - vibrios futhi spirochetes.

Ukwahlukanisa amagciwane futhi imbandakanya isimo odongeni webhaktheriya:

amagciwane 1. Gram-HIV ne mncane cell udonga - myxobacteria, angenziwa photosynthesis amafomu akhiphela mpilo (cyanobacteria);

2. Gram amagciwane amahle obukhulu cell udonga (clostridia futhi actinomycetes);

3. Gram-negative bacterium, ezingenakho odongeni cell (mycoplasma);

4. amagciwane okuyinto abe engaphelele cell udonga - iqembu nezilwanyana ezincane kukhona izinhlobo lasendulo, ungakwazi ukwakha i-methane.

Kukhona iqembu ethile nezilwanyana ezincane - bacterium eziye abizwa ngokuthi Amagciwane. Ziyakwazi yisinanakazana kwamanye izinto ezibanga ezihlukahlukene izifo ezithathelwanayo kubantu, ezilwaneni noma izitshalo

Cabangela ama-bacterium ezivamile ezithelela abantu.

• Koch cholerae - elibangela ikholera. Ukutheleleka nge-alawa magciwane iwukusebenzisa amanzi, ukudla, izandla ezingcolile nezinto vibrios elinegciwane. Umthombo we ukusabalala kwesifo iziguli kanye abathwali okuyinto musa ukuthuthukisa ikholera, kodwa lapho amagciwane phakathi kwabanye;

• Bacillus Sonne futhi Flexner - kubangela ukuthuthukiswa uhudo sasithonya labantu yezindlela efanayo owedlule micro-eziphilayo;

• imbewu eletha Koch - iyona ejenti causative isifo sofuba. It is adluliselwa kwabanye abantu kusukela iziguli ngokusebenzisa emoyeni bese amaconsi abaxoshwayo umgudu wokuphefumula ne ukukhwehlela labantu abanaleli gciwane;

• imbewu eletha Clostridium ngqi - kubangela izifo ezinzima - nomhlathi-ngqi. Ukutheleleka kwenzeka ngokuthintana enobuthi inhlabathi clostridia kanye ukudluliswa kwamagciwane kusukela isilwane noma nesineke womuntu;

• Yersinia pestis - agent causative zezinhlupho, kubangela hhayi kuphela ifomu sezimbilapho lesi sifo, kodwa umonakalo wamaphaphu ezinzima;

• Mycobacterium leprae - kuholela ukuthuthukiswa sochoko, okuyinto engcono kakhulu edume is ngokuthi isifo sochoko eyaziwa, futhi lubonakala ngokuqina izilonda zesikhumba kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, peripheral nervous system;

• Corynebacterium idiphtheria - izinto ezibanga idiphtheria - zokugula ezinzima, libhekene izilonda nolwelwesi lwamafinyila we oropharynx ukwakha ifilimu lunemicu ukudakwa, izilonda inhliziyo, isimiso sezinzwa futhi izinso;

• ukuphaphatheka treponema - kuba ejenti causative of ugcunsula, okuyinto isifo Venereal futhi kubangela Izilonda, nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, izitho zangaphakathi amathambo nesimiso sezinzwa;

• Helicobacter pylori - a silwanyana esibangela ukuthuthukiswa peptic isilonda isifo.

namagciwane abangela izifo kungabangela nezinye izifo eziningi ezibucayi ukulimala kwezitho ahlukahlukene, edinga ukwelashwa okufanele. c

namagciwane abangela izifo kungabangela letindzala impendulo sokuvuvukala umzimba, inyumoniya ezinzima, meningitis sepsis, ngisho ne ukuthuthukiswa ukushaqeka, okuholela ekufeni, ngakho kubalulekile ukuvimbela amagciwane ukuba angene emzimbeni. Ngenxa yale njongo, izindlela ezehlukene ezisetshenziswa antisepsis magciwane.