MP-40 submachine isibhamu: Ukucaciswa

Ngo-movie ephathelene neMpi Yezwe II zivame avunyelwe ezinganembile amaningi okuyiqiniso futhi amaphutha, futhi lokhu akuyona into engavamile ukuba amafilimu yesimanje, kodwa futhi imikhiqizo ezithathwe ngesikhathi sokubusa kwamaSoviet. Futhi othomathikhi MP-40 kufanele ashiwo "kinolyapy" bhá.

Esikhathini ifilimu amaJalimane ngokwenama bamasha, nokubamba elengayo kwi hip yakhe submachine isibhamu ... Njengengxenye ye-cishe njalo umdlalo isethi eziphathelene seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili izingqikithi, kukhona ithoyizi submachine isibhamu MP-40. Futhi bambalwa abantu khumbula ukuthi saturation we amabutho aseJalimane kulezi izikhali bekulokhu ababuthakathaka kusukela elihamba ngokuyinhloko behlome ngemibese carbines Mauser. Ngenxa yalokhu, abazange usuyabenyanya amaNazi elihamba indondo PCA futhi PPP iguqulwe ibe 9-mm isibhamu igobolondo.

Hugo Hugo noma cha?

Umbhali wayevame ukunezela lokhu isikhali is ebizwa nge- "Schmeisser". Umshini MP-40 - kuba kunalokho a "Vollmer", njengoba Hugo Schmeisser yena azange abe ukudala ke nganoma iyiphi indlela. Nokho, ngaphandle zokweboleka kusukela ezisunguliwe esitolo yayo design. Akwaziwa gunsmith wadala MP-18, MP-28 futhi, kamuva, i-MR-41. Phela, lo onobuhle emibili yokuqala izingalo Army German ngesikhathi futhi awuhambanga. Okuvamile (njenge nozakwabo Soviet, ngasendleleni) sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi sub-izibhamu, "amathoyizi", okungase ehlome ngaphandle amaphoyisa.

Kodwa kuyanda ukuze amandla Hitler, okuyinto, ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile, engumshumayeli ayizange avunyelwe gunsmiths ujike egcwele. Kakade ngo-1938, bathola ukuhleleka isimo ukuze kwakhiwe ngesibhamu submachine, obekungadala kungenzeka ingalo amabutho, izimoto armored nabasebenza zithithibele amathuluzi, odokotela, kanye nabanye abantu okhokhelwe isibhamu elisemhlanganweni egcwele carbine bokungamele. Ekugcineni okhona ukuze Erma.

ngentuthuko ezindala ukwakhiwa entsha

Akuzange ingozi, njengoba onjiniyela lenkampani eyayike kakade inqolobane efomini SMG owabadala Erma 36. lonjiniyela oyinhloko yale isikhali kwaba Genrih Folmer. emisha zalo ezivelele - usebenzisa wokushaya abandayo seshidi steel. Ngaleso sikhathi, njengoba engekho omunye umuntu owake wayenza.

Kuyinto ngesisekelo "Erma" futhi edala MP-38, kusukela lapho kamuva "wakhula" futhi umshini MT-40. Izingxenye umuthi hhayi, okuyinto kusiza kakhulu womshini isho ukudla okukhiqizwa emkhakheni magazini detachable 32 imizuliswano. Ngokushesha kwaba sobala ukuthi lo okuqhubekayo wokushaya ithekhniki le kuvumela ukuthola ingxenye kuphela hhayi izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu, kodwa ngoba abakhiqizi kwadingeka ukuba ubuyele Milling eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi kuyabiza.

By the way, ukuletha ubuchwepheshe abandayo ukwakha ekupheleleni amaJalimane we impi wehluleka. Ekuqaleni abazange babe le isidingo kanzima, futhi ngemva - wayengasenazo izinsiza kanye nesikhathi. Ngazama ukuba alungise isimo Hugo Schmeisser othomathikhi MP-40, izici lobuchwepheshe zazo sichaza, kwathatha njengesisekelo lokudala MP-41. Kodwa kwase kwephuzile.

Ukuvela MR-40

Konke lokhu ngakho kunciphise woyekelo, njengoba kuqale unyaka ka WWII lwamaNazi izingalo wema esingaphansi anesithoba amawaka yalezi sub-izibhamu. Ngenxa yalokhu, inkampani wathola i-oda isikhali ngcono, esizokwenza ukukhulisa it i processability eyamukelekayo phakathi 1940. Vollmer babhekana nazo. Okokuqala, ubuchwepheshe kwaze sezisunguliwe wasebenza amakhaza obumba umamukeli, aluminiyamu untula izingxenye sithathelwe indawo steel.

Kwakubonakala njengeLungu lePhalamende-40 submachine isibhamu, okwakubekelwa ngokushesha bafakwa ekukhiqizweni. Yeka ukuthi akuzwakali kanjani, kodwa ngisho sempi tibuye MR-40 futhi esasisandulele, MP-38. Kukholakala ukuthi cishe isikhathi esisodwa amayunithi eziyisigidi nesigamu (cishe akukho kuka 1.3 million) engunyaza ngesikhathi kusukela ngo-1940 kuya ku-1945. Ngakho-ke sekukonke we ahlomile German elihamba izikhali ukuthi ungakwazi ukukhohlwa: behlome ngemibese izibhamu kwadingeka ngokulambisa koyedwa kwabayishumi.

Igobolondo - indinganiso 9x19 "Parabellum", okuyinto namuhla isibe de empeleni waba indinganiso amavolovolo, futhi sub-izibhamu emhlabeni. Qaphela ukuthi ikakhulukazi imishini eJalimane lobuNazi ekhiqizwa cartridges obukhethekile nokuxhumanisa anda neziqhumane futhi amachashazi babe isibhakela kangcono futhi isenzo zapregradnym. Basebenzise amavolovolo sinconywa, ngenxa izikhali uzokhathala ngokushesha.

Umgomo we operation

Automation of the PP German kwaba isintu impela, isebenza isimiso yesivalo khulula. I yesibili omkhulu kakhulu, ukuhamba kwayo waphendula enamandla ukubuya entwasahlobo. Kusukela zikhali esangweni elikhulukazi futhi enamandla ukubuya damper, izinga layo (isibhamu eziyisithupha ngomzuzwana), wayengenamahloni eduze bokulandisa PCA, okuyinto nomphumela omuhle kakhulu ku ngokunemba ... isibhamu esisodwa. Yini embi ngalo iyona cishe engenakwenzeka "ukusibekela" olulodwa target emgqeni. Lapho Izilandeli kokudubula kungabonwa njengoba ilitshe ngokuvamile ncamashi phakathi izinhlamvu.

Khumbula ukuthi eSoviet PPS "amathe" ngesivinini esingafinyelela ku-11 isibhamu ngomzuzwana, futhi PCA edumile, amasosha amaningi ngokuthi "idla Shpagin cartridges" futhi ingabe ukudubula "omdala" machine gun. Izinga safinyelela 17-18 (!) Shots ngomzuzwana. Ngakho othomathikhi MP-40, izimfanelo okuyinto izincwadi esizifundayo, kwaba kulesi sici kakhulu "ephansi ngesivinini".

izici lobuchwepheshe

Umphathintambo-38 litshwayo Automata umndeni / 40 kuyinto yokwanda evelele ngaphansi emgqonyeni. Wayesebenza kahle indima ezimbili: kulolu hlangothi, kunciphise "oshaya" lapho kokudubula emgqonyeni. Ngakolunye - ukuvumela ninamathele embrasures emathangini nezimoto armored, ekuthuthukiseni ngokudubula ukunemba sendleleni.

Hammer indlela - elula, umgadli hlobo. Njengoba e PCA / PPP, lula nezidingo zokukhiqiza ophoqelelwe amaJalimane ukulahla umhumushi kokudubula izindlela, kodwa ngesilinganiso enjalo eliphansi imicibisholo ucishe abaqeqeshiwe ungase mlilo olulodwa (noma cutoff ka imizuliswano emibili noma emithathu). Fuse izikhali German wayengekho isimiso. indima yayo wenziwa ikhefu lapho isibambo umshudo ukuze ifake uphethiloli. Akumangazi ukuthi indlela bakudala ezinjalo ngokuphindiwe kwaholela izingozi. MP-40 Ngakho othomathikhi, izici lobuchwepheshe thina ukuchaza eyinkimbinkimbi ikakhulukazi akazange ihluke.

esitolo Izici

Isitolo wemboni, umthamo - 32 imizuliswano. Ukubukeka - iqonde, steel extruded. Ukudida ngayo izitolo imikhakha kusukela PPP noma PCA akunakwenzeka, njengoba kuyinto umugqa oqondile, kuyilapho PP yasekhaya, imodeli lwalugobile (ngenxa 7,62h25 izici igobolondo). Phela, izitolo kusukela MP-40 ungazange usebenzise uthando ekhethekile amasosha njengoba ngesandla Yabahlomisela kwakunzima kakhulu, kwakudingekile ukuba iphendukele ngosizo idivayisi ekhethekile.

Mina uyifake emgceni locondzile, ovelele angaphezu izikhali entanyeni umamukeli, omiswe push-inkinobho clip. Ngo umkhuba, sasiwumsebenzi ngokushesha ukuthi entanyeni kufanele ngokunamandla evikelwe ekungcolisweni kusukela ahlanzekile kwakunzima kakhulu ukuba ukulwa. izinhlamvu Standard for amabutho Wehrmacht ngesikhathi - mayelana 190 imizuliswano.

Ibanga kanye nempumelelo umlilo

Ekukhunjulwa - okuvame kakhulu, ebhasikidini. Lapho kokudubula zingase zisebenzise "izindlela" akhe amabili: unomphela futhi ethambile, eyenzelwe zokudubula ibanga kwamamitha angu-200 noma ngaphezulu. Kodwa konke okwakubaluleke kuphela ephepheni.

AmaJalimane ngokwabo baye baphawula ukuthi empeleni singene umuntu egijima at ibanga 100-150 amamitha isivele German submachine isibhamu MP-40 akuvumelekile, ngaphandle uma umlilo awuzange olwenziwa iziqu eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isango elikhulu kangaka braked kokuqala Isivinini amachashazi, okuyinto at ibanga 150-200 amamitha kwadingeka benze Ukuchitshiyelwa isigamu imitha (!) Eminyakeni target. Uma ucabanga ukuthi empini, amasosha amaningi ukhohlwe ngakho, iningi abashisekeli ngokuphepha zishiswa ngaphandle noma iyiphi inzuzo.

Ezinye izinkinga

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkinga enkulu wanika nokugcinwa PP empini. Iqiniso lokuthi catch esitolo sinconywa: eliyifa layo indlela kwaba esilula ukuze kusheshe okuxekethile. Kwakukhona kaningi lapho okuningi "ukuphila ile" MR 38/40 esitolo lokkhu iwe bukhoma. Ngakho kwadingeka ukuba ngiqhubeke yesokudla emgqonyeni ... ukuthi angizange ngisifihle. Ukuze amasosha ngosile entendeni wayethembela isimo asbestos amagilavu.

Okudidayo ukuthi, kodwa hhayi omunye umshudo esindayo noma ezinamandla ukubuya entwasahlobo ayiwavikeli umshini kusuka ukuthambekela ngokweqile ukuze ujamu ngesikhathi ukungcoliswa kancane. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, umshini MP-40 nezikhathi ekuqaleni we impi ukuhlangabezana ngokugcwele zonke izidingo izidingo izikhali ezinjalo. Kuphela ukulahlekelwa uphiko amasu ngamaNazi, babefanele ukuthuthukisa nokuhlanganisa isibhamu kwezwe yokuqala, StG-44.

ukusetshenziswa yesimanje

Yebo, kwaba futhi. Nokho, PCA-41 baqhubeka ukukhiqiza e China kuze kowezi-2000, futhi kwezinye izindawo kube kwenziwa kuze kube manje, ngakho ayikho into isimanga kule. A MR-40 elaliqhubeka ne imibutho yamaphoyisa ngesiNorway ngawo--yalolucwaningo 60 leminyaka elidlule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa kokubili Israyeli kanye Arabhu phakathi izingxabano eziningi eGaza Strip. Ngakho ukuthi MP-40 - umshini nge a umlando ocebile.

Phela, lo odumile MP-5, emi insiza amaphoyisa amaningi amabutho empi emhlabeni wonke, akuhlangene ne ingxoxo yethu PP. Okokuqala, esebenza njengoba blowback imisiwe. Okwesibili, eqinisweni, kuba ikhophi amancane sokuzingela G-3.

Ekugcineni, kukhona ayatholakala emakhemisi imishini womoya MP-40, kukhona iziqu okungavunyelwe ukulwa kuyo (njengoba kwenzeka ne SCB-41). Nokho, izimo ezinjalo ezingajwayelekile Nokho, futhi izindleko zabo kuphezulu. Ngokuvamile kuba isakhiwo anolaka.

Iziqephu lokuqala ukulwa nokusetshenziswa

Amadlozi LL-40 yasetshenziselwa okokuqala ePoland, ngesikhathi izenzakalo 1939. ngokushesha CSKA waqala ukuthumela izikhalazo ezimayelana Kungasebenti kahle kwaletinye izinhlamvu Element. Kodwa isikhalazo main mayelana kwadingeka ukuthambekela isibhamu nokuguqulwa Falling (Nokho, zonke PP blowback lesono esifanayo). La masosha, ukuze ugweme izingozi, ngisho waqala primatyvat umshudo isibambo wayibhinca. Ngemva kwalokho, uzimele slide, babonakala notch esesikhulume ngazo.

amaphutha

Ukuhlaselwa eSoviet Union nezinye ezingaqhamuka. Kwatholakala ngokukhethekile ukuthi mancane amathuba esangweni esinda kakhulu - kubi, ngoba amakhaza ngisho nge ukungcoliswa kancane imishini kuyekile ukusebenza. Isitshalo "Steyr" ngokwengxenye laphuma isimo, wasungula onamandla ukubuya entwasahlobo, kodwa ngenxa izinga okwanda komlilo wawa Mechanics nokwethenjelwa akuyona ibalwa ngaphansi nakakhulu leyo misebenzi.

Ngakho ukuthi MP-40 - umshini ukuthi amaJalimane ngaleso sikhathi abazange babe nesikhathi 'lisikhumbuza ngani ".