Mangaki emhlabeni ngezimpi they lasted esingakanani?

Isintu amakhulu eminyaka wanikina impi. Kodwa endulo, babengakwazi uhlamvu enjalo okukhulu ekhulwini XX. kwaba Bangaki ezweni izimpi kule mbulunga enguMhlaba? Izimpi ezinjalo, wawuyizinkulungwane ezimbili: kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala Neyesibili neMpi Yezwe. A omningi umonakalo, ngokushona kwabantu izigidi amasosha nezakhamuzi - kuyimiphumela izinkampani lempi.

Umqondo neMpi Yezwe II

Le ndoda yesimanje of izingxabano zempi, ngokuyisisekelo, bayazi abavela izincwadi umlando sici emafilimu, tinhlelo tamabonakudze. Kodwa akubona bonke abantu uyasiqonda lisho ukuthini igama elithi "Impi Yezwe." Kusho ukuthini, futhi bangaki izimpi zezwe lokho okwakubalulekile?

I zinqobe, okwakuhilela amazwekazi eziningana futhi bangena emazweni okungenani amabili, eyabizwa ngokuthi iMpi Yezwe II. Njengomthetho, kula mazwe zimunye ekulweni nesitha ezivamile ngabo. Emlandweni wanamuhla, izingxabano ezinjalo, wawuyizinkulungwane ezimbili: ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX, kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, futhi kule 30s ngasekupheleni kwekhulu efanayo - seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili. Kuzo zombili lezi izimpi, emazweni amaningi babe nesifiso sokuthandana: eJalimane, eFrance, e-Italy, UK, i-Russia, e-USA, Japan. Wonke amazwe iqhaza baye balahlekelwa omkhulu, okubangela eziningi usizi sabantu, ukufa nokucekelwa phansi kwezinto. Kungakanani kwaba nezimpi zezwe, ubude babo kanye umphumela sibakhathalele bonke labo abanesithakazelo kwezomlando.

ukungqubuzana umbono

amazwe aseYurophu ekuqaleni kwekhulu abasha babeke baba kwaba amakamu amabili aphikisanayo akwazi ukuhlukana. I standoff wayehamba phakathi eFrance naseJalimane. Ngayinye yalezi amazwe ukufuna umbimbi impi esikhathini esizayo. Phela, ukwenza idinga imithombo omkhulu. Kulesi ngxabano of England asekelwe eFrance, nama-Austria-Hungary - eJalimane. Ukuvutshelwa waqala e-Europe, esikhathini eside ngaphambi Sarajevo wanikeza leso shot ngo-1914, okuyinto eyaba kuqale impi.

Ukuze kokugumbuqelwa ohlanga emazweni anjenge Russia nase Serbia, le Masons French babe inqubomgomo ukuvuvukala, ukusunduza isimo impi. kwaba kanjani ezimpini zezwe, nezimpi akuzona amagugu emhlabeni, bonkhe uqale nge ezinye zezenzakalo ezifanayo, kuqalwa. Futhi ngomzamo phezu iNkosana Franz Ferdinand wase-Austria, uzibophezele eSarajevo ngo-June 1914, kwaba isizathu ukwethulwa amabutho Austrian eSerbia. -Austria-Hungary ngokusemthethweni iqale impi ngo-Serbia Julayi 15, 1914 futhi ngosuku olulandelayo iqhunyiswe Belgrade.

Eyokuqala Umhlaba

Slavic Serbia - ezweni Orthodox. IRussia njalo wakhuthaza umvikeli yayo. Kulesi simo, Russian Tsar uNicholas II, akakwazanga ukuhlala kude futhi wacela Kaiser Germany hhayi ukusekela-Austria-Hungary ku "ezingelutho" impi. Ngenxa yalokho, Ambassador isiJalimane, Bala Pourtales, wawubuyisela inothi ohlangothini Russian nge sempi.

Ngesikhashana nje wonke amazwe eziyinhloko zaseYurophu aya empini. umbimbi waseRussia babe eFrance naseNgilandi. Balwa eJalimane nase-Austria-Hungary. Kancane kancane zasondela impi bangena 38 uthi, sebebonke zazo zikhona cishe kwabantu abayizigidi eziyinkulungwane. Bangaki eyathatha neMpi Yezwe? Lo mbuso waqhubeka ubusa iminyaka emine futhi iphela ngo-1918.

Umhlaba

Kwakubonakala sengathi okuhlangenwe nakho kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, ukulahlekelwa abesabekayo impilo kufanele fundo emazweni yezimpi. Cishe bangaki izimpi zezwe ngokuvumelana nokulotshwe zonke zesikole. Kodwa esintwini iqala iphutha elifanayo okwesibili: isiphelo sesimiso kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, iSivumelwano SaseVersailles akazange ukwanelisa amazwe afana eJalimane naseTurkey. Kulandele izingxabano indawo, okwandisa ukungezwani eYurophu. EJalimane, amaNazi bandisa ukunyakaza, izwe uqala ngokucijile ukwandisa ezingaba yawo yezempi.

Elokuqala-September 1939 , eJalimane wathatha isinyathelo sezempi futhi yahlasela iPoland. Kwakuwusuku ekuqaleni kwempi yezwe yesibili. Ukuphendula izenzo Germany, France, England iqale impi ngo-wodweshu, kodwa akazange abe ukwesekwa Poland, futhi bekubonakala ngokushesha okukhulu matasa - izinsuku ezingu-28. Kanjani ningi nyaka sezithathe neMpi Yezwe, okuyinto esehudulelwa ngxabano emazweni angu-61 emhlabeni? It iphela ngo-1945, ngo-September. Ngakho, wahlala ncamashi 6 iminyaka.

Izigaba main

SeMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili kwaba zokuchitheka kwegazi okukhulu kunakho omhlaba wonke umlando wesintu. Lokho zenuzi aqalwa esetshenziswa empini. Against eJalimane lobuNazi basekela uthi abaningi. Kwakuwusuku anti-Hitler Bloc, amalungu alo: eSoviet Union, eFrance, eGreece, e-England, i-United States, China nakwamanye amazwe. Abaningi babo musa ngqo iqhaza ezingxabanweni ukuthatha, kodwa ukunikeza bonke usizo kungenzeka, ekuletheni imithi, ukudla. kakhulu, kwakukhona emazweni amaningi ohlangothini laseJalimane lobuNazi, e-Italy, eJapane, eBulgaria, eHungary, Finland.

Izinyathelo eyinhloko lobo zidingidwa kulesi impi:

1. European blitzkrieg German - kusuka 1 Septhemba 1939 kuya 21 June 1941.
2. Ukuhlaselwa eSoviet Union - Juni 22, 1941 kuya ku-November 1942. Ukuhluleka kaHitler Operation Barbarossa.
3. Kusukela ngo-November 1942 kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-1943. Ngalesi sikhathi kukhona ushintsho isu empi. amabutho aseSoviet waqhubeka ecasula. Futhi engqungqutheleni e Tehran iqhaza Stalin, Churchill kanye Roosevelt wanquma ukuvula phambi yesibili.
4. Kusukela ngo-1943 kuya ku-May 1945 - isigaba, okwakuyohambisana ukunqoba Red Army sika, ukuthunjwa Berlin futhi le Zinikeleni Germany.
5. Isigaba sokugcina - kusukela ngo-May kuya ku-September 2, 1945. Le nkathi elwa eliseMpumalanga Ekude. Lapho abashayeli bezindiza American baye basebenzisa sikhona yini isikhali senuzi futhi hit Hiroshima futhi Nagasaki.

Ukunqoba kuka-wobushiqela

Ngakho, seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili waphela ngo-September 1945. Bangaki amasosha abulawe nezakhamuzi, singasho cishe kuphela. Kuze kube manje, abacwaningi baye bathola yokungcwaba, okuyinto ngihlalé kusukela esikhathini yale mpi ngonya futhi elimazayo sonke isintu.

Ukulinganisela olunzima ukulahlekelwa nompetha zonke izinhlangothi zempi zaba isigidi sabantu 65. Iningi wonke amazwe ilungu walahlekelwa empini, yebo, iSoviet Union. Kuyinto izakhamuzi eziyizigidi ezingu-27. Zonke igalelo wehlela phezu kwabo njengoba iRed Army sibekezelele ukumelana ngenkani abahlaseli undlovukayiphikiswa. Kodwa ngokusho kombiko Russian isibalo izisulu iphezulu kakhulu, kanye nokwethulwa of zibalo siphansi kakhulu. Indlela izimpi eziningi emhlabeni kwadingeka emhlabeni, kodwa ukulahlekelwa ezifana e-Okwesibili, umlando akukaze ezaziwayo. ochwepheshe Foreign bavumelana ukuthi ukulahlekelwa baseSoviet Union nengwenya kakhulu. Isibalo abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu 42,7.