Mongolia ezikhangayo. Ulan Bator: ezindaweni ezithakazelisayo nezithombe

Izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-20 enhloko-dolobha ye Mongolia washintsha indawo yayo kuze kube esezinzile emzini othiwa emoyeni futhi wesitimela esangweni yezwe. Ulaanbaatar, ogama ezikhangayo bayoshaqeka wangempela izivakashi European, kudingeka siyinake ngokukhethekile.

Inkolelo eyamukelekayo yasendulo yesimanjemanje

Ngaphambi kokuwa kweSoviet Union, Mongolia ithobela Inqubomgomo zokubusa ngesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni, okuyinto abathintekayo izakhiwo zedolobha. Ulaanbaatar - azihlukile ngakho ezakhiweni zikahulumeni wendawo yilezi kancane ihlukile kuleyo lapho kwakukhona izinhlangano party yaseSoviet yokuthuthela nezinye izifunda.

Ngemva ekuqaleni yokwakha kabusha ezweni lethu isizwe Asian basungula ngendlela ehlukile, okuyinto ngendlela eyakhayo ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha, egcwele kula mashumi eminyaka amuva umthombo enkulu yenzuzo.

Umuzi ocebile isiko, yasungulwa ngo 1639 njengoba omunye zezindela main Buddhist. Yena ihlanganisa ngamasiko asendulo futhi yanamuhla: ngokuchichima namabhilidi enkabeni yedolobha netende ebukekayo ezisemaphethelweni yayo, futhi emigwaqweni ububanzi ngezimoto shiny angaphandle ugibele nabagibeli ngehhashi.

Capital eMongolia ngemfudumalo wamukela wonke abafisa mathupha ubone ukuthi izingcezu ukulingana emihlabeni emibili engafani.

Mausoleum

Emashumini eminyaka adlule, bonke abeza Ulan Bator (Mongolia), izinto okungase wavakashela isikhathi eside, wafika Mausoleum, eMoscow ubhekwa ikhophi. Kube waphumula umzimba Sukhbaatar - Umholi we inguquko ka 1921 kanye nomholi wezombusazwe Choibalsan. eminyakeni eyishumi nanye edlule, iziphathimandla zendawo zazihlala isithathe isinqumo bazingcwabe kabusha yabo. Ukushiswa owawuse iqhaza abaholi ongumBuddha zonke imicikilisho enkolo yendabuko.

Lesi sakhiwo omkhulukazi sabhidlizwa, kodwa kunalokho kusayithi lamiswao isikhumbuzo uGenghis Khan.

sezindela Gandantekchinling

Ngemva inguquko Mongolia labhujiswa zezindela eziningi Buddhist namathempeli zazibhekwa njengochwepheshe asele impahla isimo. Manje izinsalela lokusinda wabuyela abefundisi kuphela, futhi ezinye zazo kudingeka bahlangabezane nemfuneko ethile.

Omkhulu ukubaluleka kwamasiko kukhona amasayithi edume kunazo zenkolo. Ulaanbaatar inama isikhungo okungokomoya kwangempela kwaqala umsebenzi ekhulwini XIX. Phakathi ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu kwaba avaliwe, futhi ngemva yakhoselisa pilgrim, baba yokusebenza isonto wezwe kuphela kuze 1990.

Kwasukasukela kwakukhona izindela angaba yizinkulungwane 14, manje - 150 izikhonzi. Insimu omkhulu eyenziwe netshe, nokhuni eyinkimbinkimbi sezindela ligcwele emathempelini, futhi ngo-1970 wavula lapha Buddhist University. Umhlahlandlela Gandantekchinling ukhathalela nokugcina imfundo yenkolo futhi kakhulu buyakusekela.

Edonsela-pilgrim esifanekisweni

Ithempeli, kubhekwe sezakhiwo ezinhle kunazo lathumela, edonsela inqwaba ethembekileyo ukuthi isithombe yegolide Avalokiteshvara (samuntu ukuhlupheka okungapheli), esakhiwe phezu iminikelo eqoqiwe.

Okukhulu kakhulu futhi itholakala kuwo sibalo saphezulu - hhayi kuphela imbangela isithakazelo zezivakashi ezikhangayo.

Ulan Bator. sezindela Manshir

Ngo 1733, i-eziyinkimbinkimbi zenkolo emangalisayo lamiswa esigodini Bogd Khan, okubandakanya amasonto angu-20. Ngenxa yokuthi kuba eduze esiqiwini endaweni olunothile kakhulu, wavakashelwa lenqwaba abantu ngesikhathi esifanayo ujabulele ukubukwa zemvelo.

Ngeshwa, kube khona ukusebenza ithempeli eyodwa kuphela, zakhiwa-yalolucwaningo 30 ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka. eweni sidilizwa ngemva kwaso zaveza izithombe zenkolo, futhi endaweni Isigodlo kukhona inqwaba Buddha eziqoshiwe.

Labo-Bogd-Uul

Kuyaziwa emhlabeni wonke kanye ezikhangayo engokwemvelo edolobheni. E Ulaanbaatar, izivakashi zivame ukuhlala yedwa ngokubabazekayo uhlelo entabeni Khentei, ngokukhethekile, ukubona edumile Ikh Bogd-Uul, itholakala eningizimu yenhloko-dolobha.

Ngo umlando kukhona Ukhulumé yokuthi lapha waphumula uGenghis Khan kanye namasosha akhe phambi empini. Kukholakala ukuthi wenzé le ndawo yaba nokongiwa enqabela bagawule ihlathi nokuzingela liyathuthuka. UNESCO alotshiwe uhlu ifa entabeni kuthinta ubuhle akhethekile endaweni evikelwe ukunika ukuthula izinkumbulo ongenakulibaleka.

Intaba Uushgiyn-Uul

Yinzuzo ngokuba bendawo zitholakala eduze inhlokodolobha Mongolia zokungcebeleka engcwele. Ulaanbaatar inike ngezimali zokusiza Mourin emzaneni ukulondoloza ukuze kuzuze izizukulwane ezaziyolandela zendunduma yokungcwaba, okuyinto kubhekwa ukungcwatshwa endala.

Uhlale namakhulu ambalwa eminyaka ngemva edlule izizwe zabelusi endaweni uyasala yokungcwaba kwasho okuthiwa "inyamazane" amatshe. Ziyakwazi ezinkulu mpo ngamamitha amahlanu, futhi camera runami izithombe inyamazane.

It is hhayi lokho amathuluzi asetshenziswa ngezizwe yasendulo eyaziwa, kodwa ukukhomba ukunemba kanye nekhono of oqoshwe itshe ukumangala ababephila ngesikhathi.

National Park Gorkhi-Terelj

Kuyamangalisa dolobha olunothile evikelwe mbukwane. Ulan Bator - yidolobha ukuthi uyayikhathalela imvelo futhi udale zokulondolozwa for ukuzilibazisa ongaphandle. Le ndawo edume kunazo yemvelo Gorkhi-Terelj National Park, lapho kubhekwa indawo enhle kakhulu kuleli zwe. Ekhulwini zokugcina insimu yalo misela amatshe lulwimi eziyigugu, futhi lonke Mongolia abadumile wathola asebenza ngebhethri Smoky, enesisindo esingaba amakhilogremu angaphezu kwayisikhombisa.

ubunjalo Kushunyayelwe, Emerald izigodi, okwakheke rock yinqaba, emifuleni entabeni, amahlathi esingangeneki futhi umoya ohlanzekile - konke lokhu edonsela bendawo nezivakashi isiphindela eMongolia, wokugubha indawo emangalisayo.

echibini Hövsgöl

The main echibini izwe - Hövsgöl, okuyinto evame kuqhathaniswa iChibi iBaikal: kukhona amanzi ahlanzekile efanayo ezifanele ukusetshenziswa ku ifomu eluhlaza. Eminyakeni engaba ngu-kwezigidi eziyisithupha edlule kule ndawo khona mlilo, futhi ngemva kokuba siphumile, indunduma giant kwakukhona echibini nge crystal nasemanzini.

Ngaphezu echibini esiyingqayizivele, imibono izivakashi avele iziqhingi ezintathu, exhunywe, ngokuvumelana amahemuhemu, elalenziwa Shamanic, futhi muva nje yesine kuye kwafaka kwalasha.

Kusukela ngo-1992, leli chibi insimu eduze liyingxenye National Park (e-Ulaanbaatar). Izikhangibavakashi, okuyinto ethulwa iphepha isithombe phansi, asenza sicabange ubukhulu nemvelo ukuthi idale ubuhle obunjalo. Ngemva ezinomsindo qeda kanye muzi angcolile imishini le ndawo evundile ethule kuyoba iyisibusiso kulabo ukhathele okumatasa abantu.

Buddha Park

Iziphathimandla-Mongolian cabanga ifa zenkolo namasiko, ukudala izikhungo ekhethekile futhi salinda ukuqaphile wayegaqele. Ulan Bator isibe indawo lapho isinyathelo uNgqongqoshe Nature futhi Korean Hambo Lama ngo-2006 wasungula International Buddha Park eduze Zaisan Hill, okuyinto ifakwe endaweni bawente nge inkundla yokudlala kanye cafe.

Phakathi kwepaki yamisa esifanekisweni imitha-18 we Buddha abasha, eyenziwe impahla yulayta zithandwa kakhulu e-South Korea. Kuyinto ukumelana zonke zemvelo, ezidinga ilungisa kuphela umbala kanye njalo iminyaka eyisikhombisa. Nhlangothi zombili esifanekisweni kuyinto zethusi isikhencezo sigubhu emhlabeni. Futhi ngasesinqeni se ibekwe -lotus izimbali futhi uphawu Mongolia - inyoni Khangarid FC. Abantu bendawo nezivakashi ngokufanayo uthando kule ndawo, futhi yaba ethandwa kakhulu iholidi.

bogdyhana Palace

Ethile ethakazelisa ngokukhethekile izihambeli komuzi ngilandisa izinto ezikhathini zasendulo. Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia kubhekwa itshe eliyigugu, elidume ngokuba nabantu eziyinkimbinkimbi esigodlweni, le neyaziwayo somlando.

Bogdyhana esigodlweni yakhiwa kuleli ngasekupheleni XIX leminyaka ngoba nkosi olulodwa wezwe. "Ungcwele Sire, 'sibusa Mongolia ngesikhathi bevinjezelwe Chinese inhloko yezwe ngaphambi kokungena lwalo Bloc Soviet. Ngemva 1924, eziyinkimbinkimbi waba Museum. Ngubani lesikhumbuzo edume kakhulu futhi bavakashela umlando, okuyinto ihlukaniswe halves ezimbili: esigodlweni ehlobo ngo isitayela Chinese yokuhlala ebusika. Bona ukugcina ziphephile ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili ihlobene ukuphila nomsebenzi bogdyhana.

ihlobo Palace

Baphaphamela kumele yakhiwe eziyisikhombisa amathempeli esigodlweni mbukwane. Ngo-Ulan Bator, izivakashi zivela emhlabeni wonke ubunyoninco zezakhiwo ezindala, ehlotshiswe izithombe zezilwane wasenganekwaneni nonkulunkulu.

yokuhlala ebusika

Sinesithakazelo ngokukhethekile umlando buffs kuyinto isigodlo ebusika, eyakhelwe iphrojekthi, eyanikelwa amaMongol umbusi koMbusi uNicholas II. Ngena ngemvume wokwakha ezimbili storey ehlotshiswe izingonyama nge openwork iphethini ngemuva. Izivakashi kuyakhexisa inqola, okuyinto waxosha Bogdyhan nomkakhe, kanye nelinye iphiko leli qhugwane embozwe ingwe izikhumba.

Ehlanganisa amakamelo eziningana ekamelweni emangala ziphephile engavamile. Ngokwesibonelo, kuyisipho esivela uNicholas II - kwakubusa ezimbili ezisele, ukushicilela ihubo elihle, lapho behlala phansi izivakashi.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe yezindaba zemihla Mongolia inhlokodolobha

Ingasaphathwa Museum main zomlando we dolobha Mongolia, okuholela le ndaba zalo ezikhangayo. Ulan Bator, indawo ezithakazelisayo lapho kunzima ukuchaza kwelinye sihloko, okwethulwa esichasiselweni, usitshelani-ke ngamaphathi ezinsukwini ezidlule nezamanje.

Umlando yonke indawo yedolobha lasendulo igcinwe bemivubukulo zobuciko, imidwebo, izincwadi, izithombe kanye namavidiyo. Kuthethe iminyaka ematjhumi amane edlule isakhiwo lakhiwa ukusetshenziswa siqu Badmazhapova Buryat, kwakubhekwa njengento isikhumbuzo bokwakha yezwe.

Yiqiniso, esihlokweni encane ayikwazi ukubhekana zonke ezikhangayo eminingi yase-Ulaanbaatar, ngenxa yokuthi leli dolobha kungenziwa ngokuthi umnyuziyamu wangempela, lapho ziphephile esiyingqayizivele igxile ubuciko, amasiko, izakhiwo kanye inkolo. Mhlawumbe wonke iholide akwanele ukuba ungamazi ujwayelene ngamunye wabo. Yingakho izivakashi eziningi ubuyela idolobha ukuqhubeka inkhulumomphendvulwano.