Lipstick kabusha - umzamo wokuqala ukwakha ukuzibusa sendawo Russia

Lo mbhikisho ongumlimi ngo-1547 kwabonisa ngokucacile isidingo ukuhlanganisa lesigaba esibusayo ekulinganiseni isimo kuleli zwe. Kanye nokufika kwalolo abantu abasha kuhulumeni Ivana Groznogo uvele mbuthano, okuthiwa i-Rada ekhethiwe. nabameleli bayo: AF Adashev, umpristi Sylvester kanye Metropolitan Macarius - wajabulela nethonya elikhulu kakhulu ku-internet Ivana Groznogo, okubenza babe noshintsho ohlelweni yokuphathwa komphakathi.

umongo zomlando

Exacerbation ukungqubuzana social phakathi amakilasi ephakeme futhi ephansi njalo obonakaliswe ukukhula bese andise inani olwathatha kanye iziteleka. Vimbela kubo kungenzeka kuphela uma ngokugcwele noma kancane ukuqeda lokho okukukhathazayo uquqaba. Ngakho, udebe iye ngilunge ekhulwini XVI ababedlula ezinye nemisebenzi amasekela nabameleli volosteley iposi elisha - umhlalaphansi. Ukhetha kubo, kwanqunywa kusukela izingane boyars ', futhi ukusiza nika abalimi ocebile, okuyinto bancishwa wesisindvo "abaxhasi" main ekulweni nokungabi nabulungisa kwezenhlalo. Lipstick kabusha wavumela amakilasi elibusayo ukusebenzisa iziphathimandla okudalwe ukucindezela abalimi kanye izinkulumo oyisicashalala.

emisha

Ivan Grozny esihlalweni sobukhosi eneminyaka engu-ezintathu, ngakho eminyakeni yokuqala ukubusa kwakhe eyayigujwa umzabalazo amaqembu ahlukahlukene boyar ngethonya kwabasha Grand Duke. Ngo 1538 izinguquko wethulwa lipstick. Kwakuthinta aqondiswe nababusi nqanda Glinski. On endaweni izifunda wadala esifundeni, eholwa abadala. Kanye akhethwe okungcono abalimi Sotk desyatskimi Alwa okweba nokuphanga, ekuboneni "abantu ababi". Lipstick kabusha ukuze amandla abadala ukuba sifeze uphenyo futhi izelelesi ezikhonjwe, kodwa empeleni - nje ukuze ajezise engathandeki. Ngemva kokubhikisha kwango eMoscow ngokumelene Glinsky esigodlweni uqala ukwakha uhulumeni omusha. Ngo 1549 inkosi ukhuluma ezicukuthwaneni dolobha nababhishobhi ukuyilahla eyonakele nabakhulu nababusi, futhi ngilwa kanzima nalokho lipstick kabusha ku-internet Ivana Groznogo. Lo mhlangano kwaba umhlangano wokuqala we Zemsky Sobor kwakuyisiqalo izinguquko ezintsha zezikhungo.

Inkambo ukuguqulwa

Kakade 1540s lipstick kabusha ke seyenziwe ezifundeni iningi Russia, kanye nezitifiketi lokuqala ngo-1539. Ngesikhathi esifanayo eMoscow esungulwe ukuze Rogue, owayehlangene kokuqondisa imisebenzi imizimba emisha. Engxenyeni ye XVI yesibili Russian iba ohlanga izindlu-ummeleli, onikeza iragelo phambili ukukhula kwezitho labial futhi kuwenza abe uhlobo ekuseni yesimanje nozakwabo lohulumeni basekhaya. Ngakho, udebe kabusha ku-internet Ivana Groznogo ayisibonelo sokuba phambili ngokwandisa amandla kubaholi County, okwasisiza ukuba bahlele kabusha abantukazana. imeya likhethwa kuyoba eduze abangane umbusi eyikhulu.

Lipstick kanye Zemstvo kabusha - ukuqhutshekiselwa okunengqondo abasafufusa izinguquko ezaba khona kwezenhlalo. Kukhethwe ezicukuthwaneni abadala bebandla (ngokuvamile servitors ubudala) kungcono kakhulu ukwazi amasiko nezithakazelo esifundeni sakhe, ngakho-ke sikwazi ukuphatha kahle kakhulu emazweni abaziphathisiwe.