Stolypin nokuletha uguquko kwezolimo - ukuphumelela noma ukwehluleka?

Stolypin nokuletha uguquko kwezolimo isibe umzamo njalo ukuxazulula izinkinga elibonakala Revolution 1905 - iminyaka 1907. Imizamo yokuxazulula umbuzo nezokulima kuthi kuze 1906. Kodwa zonke ubilise phansi noma ekuthatheni umhlaba kubanikazi bamazwe futhi abalimi endow ke, noma ukusebenzisa ngalezi zinhloso bezwe uhulumeni.

P. A. Stolypin hhayi ngaphandle isizathu, banquma ukuthi asekela kuphela yokubusa kwamakhosi kanye kulendawo eqinisweni abalimi okuphephile. Ukuhoxiswa izigodi lawela kwakusho ukuba ukudelela igunya nombusi, ngenxa yalokho, kungenzeka yini bathole esinye salezi zinguquko.

Ukuze silondoloze emandleni obukhosi Petrom Stolypinym ngo-August 1906 kumenyezelwe luhlelo lwahulumende, okuyinto ezihlongozwayo izinguquko eziningana mayelana inkululeko engokwenkolo, ukulingana, iziqondiso amaphoyisa, uhulumeni wasekhaya, umbuzo nabalimi abancane, kanye nemfundo. Kodwa kuzo zonke izinto samuntu ezihlongozwayo wathola Stolypin kuphela nokuletha uguquko kwezolimo. Inhloso yayo, ukuze ichithe isakhiwo umphakathi kanye nokuthuthukiswa komhlaba ukuze abalimi. Umlimi kwakufanele babe umnikazi womhlaba ukuthi wayeke kwakungekaNkulunkulu emphakathini. Ukuze sithole isabelo kwaba ngezindlela ezimbili:

• Uma umhlaba ngokuhlanganyela lokwabiwa kabusha engakaze ngaphansi kule minyaka engamashumi amabili nane iminyaka ke Umlimi ngamunye nganoma isiphi isikhathi angasho emasimini abo basebenze ngokuzikhandla njengoba impahla siqu.
• Uma kabusha division onjalo kwakuyiNkosi ku ngokuphathelene namalungelo okusebenzisa umhlaba wamuka esiteshini, okuyinto kusetshenzwe zokugcina.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalimi bakwazi ukuthenga umhlaba ngesikweletu ngoba ongaphakeme mortgage amazinga. Ongumlimi Credit Bank yasungulwa le njongo. Ukuthengiswa komhlaba iziza zikuvumela ukugxila ezindaweni abalulekile ezandleni abalimi nesithakazelo kakhulu futhi enamandla.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, labo abazange babe nemali eyanele ukuthenga ezweni, Stolypin nokuletha uguquko kwezolimo ufanele unyakaze ensimini khulula, lapho kwakukhona uncultivated emazweni yomphakathi - kuye eMpumalanga Ekude, eSiberia, e-Asia Ephakathi, eCaucasus. Zixoshwe inikeza eziningi izinzuzo, kuhlanganise exemption iminyaka emihlanu kusukela ngo izintela, izindleko ongaphakeme ezitimela, ukuthethelelwa isikweletu, loan e lemali 100 - ruble 400 ngaphandle ukushaja isithakazelo.

Stolypin nokuletha uguquko kwezolimo, empeleni yayo, ngokubeka abalimi umnotho emakethe, lapho ukuchuma kwabo kwakuxhomeke zakwazi kanjani ukuba uchithe impahla yabo. Kwakuthinta bazitshela ukuthi emikhakheni yabo, bayokuzwa ukuthi ukusebenza ngamandla, okubangela umkhakha wezolimo elichumayo. Abaningi babo ngithengise izwe, futhi ngokwabo ukuya edolobheni ukusebenza, okwaphumela ukuthutheleka zomsebenzi. Abanye bathuthela kwamanye amazwe beyofuna izimo zokuphila ezingcono.

Stolypin nokuletha uguquko kwezolimo kanye nemiphumela yayo musa zakwazi ukwenza lokho okulindelwe UNdunankulu P. A. Stolypina futhi uhulumeni waseRussia. Sekukonke ngesikhathi nokuqaliswa kwalo ezivela emphakathini kwathatha esingaphansi eyodwa wemindeni ongumlimi. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi izinguquko akusho acabangele ukuphila wezinzalamizi abalimi, ukwesaba kwawo abazisebenzako, ukungakwazi ukuphatha ngaphandle ukwesekwa umphakathi. Kule minyaka edlule, wonke ejwayele ukuthi umphakathi uthatha umthwalo ilunga ngalinye.

Kodwa, noma kunjalo, Stolypin nokuletha uguquko kwezolimo nemiphumela emihle:

• Kwaba isiqalo bayo ngasese komhlaba.
• umkhiqizo ekhulile yemiphumela ongumlimi amazwe.
• funa kwandisa umkhakha wezolimo.
• emkhakheni wezabasebenzi Eliphakeme.