Koqhekeko kwekhulu le-17

Umsebenzi we-Moscow uMbhishobhi Omkhulu Nikon isungule ngokushesha kakhulu. Encwadini esifushane uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi nendodana ongumlimi, owathatha izifungo indela at the Solovki Islands, baba wesigodlo ka esigodlweni sezindela sangakubo. Khona-ke, wenza ubungani nabantazana Alexis, inkosi elibusayo, waba wesigodlo we Novospassky wezindela eMoscow kakade. Emva kweminyaka emibili Novgorod Metropolitan wakhethwa impunga eMoscow.

asho la mazwi kubantu base okuhloswe ngazo ekwenzeni Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia maphakathi nezwe. Izinguquko ka uMphathi weSonto Nikon kwasekuqaleni abathintekayo ubunye imikhuba kanye nekusungulwa inkonzo efanayo isonto emabandleni onke. Nikon wathatha isampula imicikilisho kanye nemithetho LamaGreki Church. Innovations ayehambisana ukunganeliseki okukhulu ethandwa. Ngenxa yalokho, kwaba khona Uqhekeko kwekhulu le-17.

Abaphikisi Nikon - Old Amakholwa - engafuni ukwamukela imithetho emisha, babiza sokubuyela oda bayiswa phambi kabusha. Phakathi abasekeli abutment wangaphambili ugcizelela umpristi uHabakuki. Amathuba, umphumela owawungumnyaka Uqhekeko kwekhulu le-17, baba ukuphikisa ukuthi, ephethinini ngesiGreki noma Russian ukuhlanganisa izincwadi yisonto. Futhi abakwazanga ukuza ukuvumelana ngalokho, iminwe emithathu noma ezimbili ngaphambi kokuba abhapathizwe, ngokwendlela solar, noma ngokumelene naye ukwenza udwendwe. Kodwa lena kuphela izimbangela sangaphandle Uqhekeko. Inkinga enkulu Nikon waqala namaqhinga ababhishobhi bama-Orthodox futhi boyars, ababekwa babekhathazeke ngokuthi izinguquko Kwakuyohlanganisani nokwehla igunya lomphakathi webandla, futhi ngalesosizathu nemandla abo. Sexy izintshumayelo-splitters uthisha uphatha inqwaba abalimi. Babaleka eSiberia, Urals, North futhi kukhona bakha yokukhokha Amakholwa Old. Abantu abavamile exhumene esasikhuluma ngokuwohloka kokuphila kwakhe nge kugucuka Nikon. Ngakho, koqhekeko kwekhulu le-17 futhi waba ethile engavamile umbhikisho ethandwa.

Igagasi enamandla kakhulu lamthatha kule minyaka 1668-1676, lapho kwakukhona Solovetsky Monastery Uprising. Lokhu sezindela kwadingeka izindonga awugqinsi nokunikezwa enkulu ukudla, okuyinto bakhangwa nezitha kabusha. Bona zathuthelekela lapha kulo lonke elaseRussia. Lapha basuke zokucasha razintsy. Eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili 600 abantu yaqhutshelwa inqaba. Futhi kodwa yazithola ngumkhapheli abavumela amabutho wenkosi esigodlweni sezindela ngokusebenzisa imbobo imfihlo. Ngenxa yalokho, 50 kuphela abasinda abavikeli sezindela.

Avvakum nabalandeli wakhe badingiselwa Pustozersk. Kukhona-ke bachitha iminyaka engu-14 ejele zobumba bese babeshiswa bephila. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, le Amakholwa Old waqala bazichaya self-immolation ukungavumelani ne izinguquko Umphik'ukristu - umbhishobhi omkhulu omusha.

Nikon uqobo, ngenxa iphutha futhi wahlupheka Uqhekeko kwekhulu le-17, kwakungekho isiphetho kancane ebuhlungu. Futhi zonke ngoba wayethethelela kakhulu uthethe, kakhulu namandla okuwunikela. Nikon ekugcineni efika isihloko ayesifuna ngabomvu we "umbusi omkhulu" futhi esho nokusho ukuthi ufuna ukuba impunga sihlanganisa lonke izwe laseRussia, hhayi eMoscow, demonstratively kwesokunxele inhlokodolobha e 1658. Ngemva kweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, e 1666, ngesikhathi umkhandlu wesonto ne iqhaza Lezinzalamizi-Antiyokiya nase-Alexandria, lapho futhi kwadingeka yonke imibuso futhi yezinzalamizi eJerusalema naseConstantinople, yaxoshwa okuthunyelwe ka uMphathi weSonto Nikon. Wayethunywe ukuba Ferapontov Monastery, ukuthi eduze Vologda, ekudingisweni. Nikon kuyinto emuva lapho ngemva kokufa Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Abafile inzalamizi zangaphambili 1681 eduze Yaroslavl, wangcwatshwa edolobheni Istra ku Voskresensky New Jerusalem Monastery, ngokohlelo lwakhe, futhi uma eyakhelwe.

Inkinga sezenkolo kuleli zwe, kanye Ukunganeliseki abantu kwamanye nezindaba afune izinto ngenkani kwabanye izinguquko ngokushesha elihambisana nezinselelo isikhathi. Futhi izimpendulo zale izimfuno babé ekuguquleni uPetru mina ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18.