Ingabe uyazi ukuthi ubani owavela khompyutha?

Ngo nje kweminyaka embalwa, le khompyutha wakwazi ukuthola seduze kangaka nempilo yomuntu ezingavezwa uthumele ukuba khona ngaphandle sekuyinto cishe kungenakwenzeka. Ngosizo lwawo kungenzeka nje kuphela ukuze uthayiphe imibhalo, kodwa futhi ulalele umculo, ubukele ama-movie, baxoxe inthanethi nokuningi. Ngisho kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule ke akekho! Kodwa indlela kwaba ngaphambi, kodwa labo ababonisa ukuhlakanipha owasungula le khompyutha alinayo wasembulela emhlabeni.

Impela, ekuqaleni kwakungemnandi kuphela umshini Computing futhi wasebenzisa indilinga lencane lezazi. Kodwa namuhla, ikhompyutha siqu noma laptop cishe wonke umuntu. Ungayisebenzisa nsuku zonke, futhi wazi lapho, owasungula i-computer? Kodwa sekuyinto Umbuzo othakazelisayo. Asivume.

Lapho futhi lapho yasungulwa computer?

Abantu njalo wafuna ukushintsha izibalo ukwenza lula inqubo isikhathi. imizamo enjalo iye enziwe kudala: abacus ka eBhabhiloni lasendulo, abacus yamaShayina yasendulo, eyaziwa Antikythera indlela waseGreece - konke kokumethemba computer yesimanje.

On ukuthuthukiswa computer has ezikhathini zanamuhla, umsebenzi ososayensi abaningi abadumile: Leibniz, Muller, Pascal nabanye. Waba yini umphumela wesibindi ekukhandlekeni kwabo kwaba kokusungulwa e 1820 yomshini ngokungeza.

Ikhompyutha wafana siqala Tokyo. Ngo-1941, kwathiwa yenzelwe wakha jikelele kohlaziyo Kubalwa umshini ukwenza imisebenzi ngaphandle kokuqondiswa umuntu. Z3 - Lalingubani igama impumelelo yesayensi.

Ubani umdali?

Yebo, usesimweni lokuqala PC lakhiwa e-Japan. Kodwa owasungula ke, ngokunengqondo, ubani owavela computer? Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi ngekhulu le-19 sezibalo English Charlz Bebbidzh wakhulelwa futhi ithuthukiswe uhlelo umshini kohlaziyo ezinjalo. Waze wakwazi ukwakha sibonelo, kodwa Treasury ayikwazanga ukutholakala ukuze kuqalise ukusebenza egcwele iphrojekthi.

Ngo-1946, e-US aqine le ENIAC, amaphrojekthi guided Mauchly futhi Eckert, wenza i-computer yokuqala esekelwe transistors. Ngokuhamba ukuthuthukiswa yayo wasebenza iminyaka emithathu, njengoba ichithe ingxenye ayisigidi. Lo mshini kungenziwa reprogrammed futhi esetshenziswa ukuxazulula zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga. Nokho, kule khompyutha kwaba kudivayisi umxhwele kakhulu. Yayinesisindo angaba ngu-28 futhi selehlile esebenzisa izinjini izindiza! Ngo-1971 wasungula uhlelo iflophidiski futhi microprocessor kuqala.

Nokho, lezi amakhompyutha babe amadivaysi omkhulu futhi doroguschy esingase sikuvulele kuphela amabhizinisi ezinkulu kanye ejensi kahulumeni ...

Eyokuqala mini-umshini ngo-1965 sidalwe Digital Izinsiza kusebenza Corporation. Wayelethwa uqambe PDP-8, futhi ubukhulu ke wayengaselona ... efrijini. Lokhu kwalandelwa onobuhle eziningana, kodwa hhayi kakhulu.

Ubani owasungula le computer siqu, okuyinto thina zijwayele ekuboneni?

Isinyathelo esiwujuqu lokho sisebenzisa namuhla, ngo-1976, benza amabili amajuba baseMelika - Wozniak futhi Imisebenzi. Baye basungula kudivayisi imidlalo yevidiyo, futhi lingacushwa. Wayelethwa okuthiwa «Apple». Ngemva kwalokho, Stiv Dzhobs wadala corporation of the gama elifanayo, okuyinto wathatha phezu ukukhiqizwa computer.

Nokho, ngo-1986 ngu umshini IBM senziwa PC IBM nge-16-bit Intel processor isofthiwe athuthukile-Microsoft. Ngasekuqaleni kuka-1990. lezi amadivayisi abe mass ukusetshenziswa lento.

lekhompyutha indlela ajwayelekile zedivayisi kithi namuhla isikhathi eside futhi kunzima. Namuhla, izinto lula kakhulu. PC cishe kuyo yonke imizi, futhi abanye hhayi ungomunye. Futhi kufanele simbonge kulabo yasungulwa computer futhi abasebenza ngcono yayo. Phela, le divayisi sekube ngasuthi esisemqoka ngamunye wethu. Othile kudingeka isebenzele ukufinyelela, futhi othile ukuxhumana kanye nje bazijabulise.