Assumption Umgede Monastery (Bakhchisarai)

Umgede wezindela eCrimea olwalukhona lukhulu. Iningi lazo abhidlizwa ngesikhathi ayehlasela Golden zidlamlilo. Kodwa ezinye amathempeli ezibaziweyo edwaleni zisekhona bengenamiyocu kulesi sigameko. Lezi zihlanganisa futhi Assumption emhumeni sezindela, etholakala eduze Bakhchisarai ku ensungubezini Maryam Dar. Indawo, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi shrine Christian, liyahlonishwa futhi amaSulumane. Dar Maryam ngesiRashiya kusho Virgin Mary.

Izinguqulo umsuka

Ingxenye yokuqala XVI. - lesi yisikhathi lapho eqala ekwakheni idolobha Bakhchisarai. ONgcwele Assumption emhumeni sezindela yasungulwa kudala kakhulu kunalokho. Ngeshwa, mayelana nokuthi ubani ke yakhiwe eCrimea ezifana amathempeli engavamile namanje ngokuqinisekile, akekho owaziyo. Ekupheleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, kuye kwasikiselwa ukuthi ingenwe ngaphandle kwemvume kokubaleka izindela yabo WaseByzantium ikonopochitateli kusukela ulaka UMbusi uLeo III kanye Constantine V ngesikhathi somzabalazo wokuqeda ukukhulekelwa kwezithombe. Nokho, ezinye izazi-mlando Asisekeli kule nguqulo. Iqiniso lokuthi izici ezakhiwo womhume-emathempelini ungavumeli ukuba ababheke adalwe izindela WaseByzantium. Ngo yokuhlala collective ne zokulala isiko yamuva kuhlanganisiwe. Esikhathini amasonto YaseCrimea kukhona lenqwaba amangqamuzana ngamanye.

Ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa kusolwa izakhiwo idwala eCrimea zazisekhona namahlelo eqinile yobuqaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuJuda okwandile akhethwa njengosuku inkolo wombuso the Khazar Khaganate. Ngakho ukwakha lezi amathempeli ayengakwenza ubani.

Izinganekwane kweThempeli

Ukwakhiwa empeleni engavamile kakhulu - Assumption Umgede Monastery (Bakhchisarai). Okuvelayo zezivakashi, nahlulele by ukubuyekezwa, kusukela kuye umane ongenakulibaleka. Mayelana ukwakhiwa kweNyuka emhumeni sezindela kukhona izinganekwane eziningana. Omunye legend uthi once upon a time kulezi zingxenye i izinyoka angathandeki kudliwa abantu nezilwane. Ukhathele ukweqisa wakhe abalimi wathandaza ngobuqotho eNcasakazini uMariya ukuba ayikhulule. Uma abantu ukubonile phezu candle idwala esivuthayo yakhuphukela kuye. On eweni babethole isithombe Our Lady, futhi ilele eduze ngenyoka efile.

Enye legend ekutshela ukuthi ngelinye ilanga isithonjana site of the Virgin Mary etholakele. Thola ongumlimi yayo kwenziwe wakhe phansi - nokukhokha komnikazi. Nokho, ngakusasa lesi sithombe zavela kuyo leyo ndawo efanayo. Kuthathwa izibonakaliso futhi ninqume kuleyo ndawo esontweni emhumeni.

Ngokwe-legend lwesithathu ekuxhumaneni umhosha. Mary izindela WaseByzantium wayeke wahola isithonjana uNina kaNkulunkulu. Indlela efanayo sanikwa futhi indawo lapho ukuze kwakhiwe isakhiwo zenkolo.

Okukhulu kakhulu e VIII-XVIII eminyaka.

Uma sithatha njengesisekelo nokucabanga ka izindela WaseByzantium, eyasungulwa Assumption emhumeni sezindela kwaba cishe ku VIII BC. abefundisi Ukulandela wafika eCrimea, walala amaGreki, futhi wabaleka wemka abawasukelayo yakhe iconoclasts. Kusolwa ukuthi amathempeli emhumeni eside bakhonza endaweni yabo eyinhloko yokukhulekela.

Phakathi ayehlasela Golden zidlamlilo, iningi amathempeli kwabhujiswa. Assumption emhumeni sezindela iyagcinwa kusukela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu xv. Yaba yokuhlala YaseCrimea Metropolitan. Omunye amathempelana zako ezisemqoka kwaba uphawu ngokuyisimangaliso UnguNina KaNkulunkulu, ohlonishwa hhayi kuphela Orthodox, kodwa futhi amaSulumane. tsars Russian elihunyushwe zisekela ngokugcwele esigodlweni sezindela.

Assumption emhumeni ethempelini XVIII-XIX eminyaka

Kwaze kwaba sekhulwini XVIII. Ngakho, emhumeni sezindela yanda. Konke ukushintshwa ngemuva amasosha Russian matasa eCrimea. Ngu oda Umbusikazi uCatherine II, Metropolitan, kanye wonke amaKristu elahlala Russia, ogwini loLwandle Azov, owasungula emzini Mariupol. Umgede ethempelini yashiywa dengwane.

Nokho, ngawo-1850, ngesinqumo esiGungwini, Isigodlo kabusha wavula. Kodwa, ngeshwa, kanye egcinwe amabhuku therein nezinto ezingcwele abangu irretrievably elahlekile. Kuyinto ayikaziwa - kungakhathaliseki izindela yabo nabo noma uzifihlile athathwe. Mhlawumbe amathempelana kakhulu babemane ubhujiswe. Phela, ngisho nemidwebo ezindongeni Isigodlo abangu esusa.

Phakathi abadumile ukuvikela Sevastopol ezindongeni esibhedlela iphoyisa emhumeni eziyinkimbinkimbi elise. Abafileyo bangcwatshwa ezansi abalimele - phambi sezindela. Isiphathamandla iphathwa udokotela odumile Pirogov.

Shrine, igcinwe Isigodlo

"Historical konke", lapho, phakathi kwezinye izinto, le izinsalela sezindela - Ngo-1908, idokhumenti okhethekile iyawakha. Khona-ke, izindawo zokukhulekela izithombe namathempeli possessed phambi inguquko Assumption emhumeni sezindela (eCrimea)? Imininingwane kulolu hlu idokhumenti simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

• Isithonjana ukuphakama kweNyuka 1 amayadi angu 3.5 amasentimitha futhi ububanzi 11.5 amasentimitha esiliva chasuble. Lesi sithombe kubhekwa ngokuyisimangaliso. AmaKristu amaningi aye etholakele ukuphulukiswa isithonjana.

• Ikhophi isithonjana ngokuyisimangaliso UnguNina KaNkulunkulu we Kiev Caves. Lesi sithombe ezinikelwe esigodlweni sezindela abakwaMetropolitan Filaret. Ngaphambi lesi sithombe ngo-August 15 lwenziwe ubusuku bonke umlindelo.

• Isithombe uMsindisi nge 84 izinsalela ezahlukene ongcwele. Lesi sithombe yathunyelwa kusuka Korsun uNina kaNkulunkulu Monastery.

• Ikhophi Isithonjana uNina kaNkulunkulu "Panagia". Kuyinto ngale ndlela, ngokusho legend, phendla kanye phezu kwedwala. Ukwahlulela incazelo, isithonjana yafakwa ingubo isiliva lihlotshiswe amapharele * namatshe ayigugu.

• Cross noKristu, eyenziwe ezintathu izinhlobo zokhuni: Pevko, umsayipuresi, lemisedari. Emhlane wakhe kwaba oqoshiwe ukuba "thumela i-Old Russian Athos okuvula usuku 1850".

• Painted ngqo phezu kwedwala, esizeni lo mkhuba "Panagia" umfanekiso Virgin. Ngaphambi lokhu isithonjana inextinguishable evutha isibani.

Ngo kakhulu edwaleni Ngalezo zinsuku sanqunywa amaseli 16. Omunye amabili zafakwa ezansi. A ithafa ngalesi kwaholela ezitebhisini ezibaziweyo edwaleni e esiteji 84. Ngaphezu amaseli, yayakhiwe ezansi zezindlu ezimbili abaphuma ngoba izindela, le wesigodlo yendlu kanye ekhishini ne ebhikawozi.

Ezikhathini zaseSoviet,

Ukushikashikeka ne-Orthodox, olwaqala ngo-1917, futhi singafaneleki sezindela Assumption emhumeni. Ithempeli laphangwa ngokuphelele. Izindela naye wadubula. Ekugcineni Isigodlo yavalwa ngo-1921. Phakathi WWII impi e le migede, njengoba once upon a time, ke ukuvalelwa esibhedlela ngenxa eyayilimele. I amasosha aseSoviet efile, kanye tsarist ibutho amaphoyisa uma sekuqhubeka le ukuvikela Sevastopol, wangcwatshwa ezansi - eduze sezindela uqobo. Ngemva kwempi, wabagula ngengqondo boarding school eziqhutshwa lapha.

yokutakula

Ngo-1993, sezindela emhumeni waphindiselwa amakholwa. Okwamanje, kukhona Monastery evumelekile. Abefundisi baye abuyisela nethempeli wakha emgwaqweni yesonto. Yokutakula Kwangithatha ukutshalwa kwezimali. Abapristi Waze wenqaba ukuthatha imali service. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, yakhuluma ngokuthi isonto lendawo ayisekho amazinga. Ubhapathizo, imingcwabo, Thandazo, umqhele izindlu nokunye. Abapristi sezindela amadoda yesimanje sika kumahhala.

ONgcwele Assumption Umgede Monastery (Bakhchisarai, eCrimea): incazelo eziyinkimbinkimbi

Izakhiwo zasendulo impela we sezindela kukhona isonto emhumeni kweNyuka kanye wesigodlo yendlu. Akunjalo kudala, sase siphendukile njengoba rock ibandla St Mark. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba kuvuselelwa wabhubhisa amathempeli zokuxhumana. Helena futhi uConstantine. lutho kwezinhloso zenzuzo, isibonelo, izivakashi ukwazi engafakwanga amasonto ngokwabo. Zonke izinsalela abangu ngeshwa abhidlizwa ngesikhathi sokubusa kwamaSoviet. I ambalwa imifanekiso asele iyiswe Museum Mariupol. Nokho, kwenziwa amakhophi nge-izindela kanye wawuhlotshiswe amathempeli emhumeni izithombe. Kabusha kwaba ngisho Isigodlo main yake shrine - isithombe Our Lady of kweNyuka.

Eqoshiwe oNgcwele Assumption emhumeni wezindela eCrimea ngqo odongeni igabade, uhlu kancane ophumile. Kuyinto emehlweni umxhwele kakhulu. Kusukela amafasitela amasonto idwala-aqoshiwe ukubukwa ebabazekayo we YaseCrimea Mountains. Ngakolunye uhlangothi kombhede ensungubezini kudlulela uthathe amaseli yayo kanye amakamelo eduze.

Yeka okuhlangenwe ezithakazelisayo izivakashi kungaba abe agugile esinezitezi ezimbili lapho wahlala phambi inguquko eza izihambeli sezindela. Eceleni kwakhe, izinsalela esivumelwaneni lasendulo Salancik nezakhiwo yokuqala YaseCrimea AmaTatar kwekhulu XVI.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, lo eziyinkimbinkimbi izici Antique isikhulu emathuneni futhi amathuna amasosha aseSoviet.

Ukuthola lapho

izihambi eziningi eCrimea woza, cishe ungathanda uvakashele sezindela Assumption emhumeni. Bakhchisarai - edolobheni kuyiphi indlela elula ungathola kuso. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka ahlale phansi ikhumbi noma itekisi, ivela noma ibhasi esiteshini. Kusukela stop Kufanele usukume mayelana ikhilomitha ngokusebenzisa umhosha. Ukuhambisa ngaphezulu isonto precipice kusobala ubonakale kude. Ezinye izivakashi uthole esigodlweni sezindela Bakhchisarai futhi nje uhambe. Kulokhu, udinga ukuya kusuka ekuqaleni emgwaqweni u- Rosa Luxemburg ngu mosque ubudala Tahtali Cami.

iziheho eziseduze

Ngaphezu kweNyuka Umgede Monastery, eCrimea izivakashi ngokuvamile vakashela isebangeni kancane ngenhla emhumeni idolobha Calais. Lesi sakamuva kwamiswa cishe Ephakathi futhi wakhonza njengephayona Ukuvikelwa lezinto emngceleni yoMbuso WaseByzantium. Ngeshwa, ngaleso sikhathi samanje, kakhulu emzini sekonakele. Phakathi kweNyuka Monastery futhi Calais kuyinto elise emathuneni Turkish Mansour Gaza. It is Lisehlathini wesihlahla. Yokungcwatshwa kwa usuku emathuneni emuva xv-XIX eminyaka. Iningi tombstones ezibaziweyo kusukela limestone wendawo. Wangcwatshwa emathuneni ngokuyinhloko amasosha owalwela edolobheni ngesikhathi kuphangwa. Futhi oNgcwele Assumption emhumeni sezindela kanye Calais ezihlobene eziyiNgcebo Yomhlaba izindawo futhi kufakwe UNESCO uhlu.