Kolyma Lowland: izici

I-Kolyma asehlathini liyisakhiwo esisezingeni eliphansi elisenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Asia, enye yezingxenye zezintaba zaseMpumalanga Siberia, ingxenye yalo empumalanga. I-lowland itholakala ensimini yeRiphabhuliki yaseSakha (eyayisenguJakutia) eRussia Federation. Itholakala phakathi kwemigodi yemifula emithathu : Kolyma, Alazey noBolshaya Chukchiia. Ukuhlonipha umfula. Ibalazwe laseKolyma futhi labizwa ngegama layo.

Indawo ingamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-170 endaweni. Eningizimu liholela e-Chersky Range, entshonalanga - etafuleni lase-Alazey, empumalanga - eya eYukagir, enyakatho ithalela olwandle lwaseMpumalanga Siberia.

Ukukhulula

I-lowland ye-Kolyma inqunyelwe ukuphakama kwamaphesenti angu-50-100 ngaphezu kwezilwandle. Amasayithi aphakeme ngamamitha angu-300 ayengavamile, kodwa ayabalulekile futhi angakhunjulwanga ngokuvakasha.

Ukukhululeka kwezilwandle zaseKolyma kuboniswa amafomu e-permafrost-thermokarst, kanti inhlabathi iyabonakala futhi i-sandy loam. Le ndawo iningi igxiliwe, amabhugi atholakala yonke indawo. Kukhona namachibi amaningi kulezi zindawo. Okukhulu kakhulu: i-Pavilon, i-Mogotov, i-Iligitkin. Emagodini, izinhlanzi zitholakala, futhi ukudoba kusakazeke futhi kuyathandwa kakhulu.

I-Kolyma asehlathini inezinhlobo ze-cryogenic (permafrost) izinhlobo zokuphumula ngenxa yokushisa komhlabathi : izimbobo zokudoba (hydrolakkolites), i-thermokarst dips, amaphiko e-polygonal, amaqhwa amaqhwa.

Isimo sezulu

Isimo sezulu sensimu i-subarctic. Kubonakala ubusika obubandayo obude obunamanzi kanye nehlobo elifushane. Insimu ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-tundra ne-tundra. Esikhathini sokuqala, ihlobo lihlala isikhathi eside, kodwa izinga lokushisa aliphakamisi ngaphezu kuka-10 degrees. Ebusika obubonakala ngomoya ovunguzayo neziqhwala zeqhwa. Iqhwa, njengombuso, itholakala ngokulinganayo.

Uphi i-Kolyma Lowland? Endaweni yokubhukuda njalo ne-permafrost. Insimu iyashisa ehlobo, ikhishwa umkhiqizo omkhulu we-oxygen. Ixhunywe namahlathi. Ukushisa okujwayelekile ebusika kungaphansi kwezingu-10-15 degrees. Ukuhamba ngezinyawo kule ndawo kuzoba kuhle nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.

I-flora nezilwane

Umthamo wesifunda umelelwa yizinkuni ezikhungethe emanzini. Enyakatho, izinkuni zithatha indawo enotshani, bese i-arctic tundra.

I-Kolyma asehlathini liyikhaya lezilwane ezinjengama-lemmings, ama-fox ase-Arctic, ama-reindeer, ama-partridges amhlophe nemfuyo yezinyoni ezifudukayo ehlobo. Insimu esenyakatho yalendawo isetshenziselwa idlelo lezinyosi.