Yiziphi izibhande zokukhanyisa zomhlaba

Zonke izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni zixhomeke ngqo kwiLanga. Ngisho nezinhlanzi zasolwandle olujulile, eziyimpumputhe kusukela ekuzalweni nasekugwemeni ngokuphelele ukukhanya, ngeke zisinde ngaphandle kokushisa okwenziwe inkanyezi yethu emhlabeni. Izitshalo, noma amabhaktheriya, noma izinto eziphilayo ezihlelekile kakhulu zingaba khona ngaphandle kwamandla alanga.

Ukushisa okungafani nokukhanyisa: isizathu sokuqala

Kodwa-ke, ukukhanya nokushisa akufiki embusweni womhlaba ngobuningi obufanayo. Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu. Okokuqala, iplanethi inomumo oseduze (nakuba uhlelwe kancane kusuka ezigodini). Ngakho-ke, imisebe ye-Sun yethu ifinyelela emhlabathini emhlabeni ngamazinga ahlukile. Lapho i-angle of incidence isondelene neqondile, uMhlaba uyashisa futhi ukhanyiswe kakhulu. Lapho imisebe yelanga ithinta iplanethi ngokudlulayo, kungcono kakhulu.

Ukushisa okungafani nokukhanyisa: inombolo yenombolo ezimbili

Isizathu sesibili ukuthi "ibhola" lethu e-orbit alishintshi ngokuqondile, i-axis yayo inesifiso sokukhanya kwesikhala. Le ndlela yokuthambekela iholela ekutheni ukufudumala nokukhanyisa kube ukungalingani. Uma i-axis iyingqayizivele yendiza lapho uMhlaba ujikeleza khona ngeSanga, imini nobusuku bekuyoba isikhathi esifanayo, futhi isikhathi sonyaka siyohlala sinjalo.

Lezi zici futhi zenze ukuba kube khona izindawo ezithile, ezibizwa ngokuthi "Amabhande okukhanyisa komhlaba."

I-Hot Belt

Ngokuya ngobukhulu bendawo yokukhanya kwemisebe eMhlabeni, kunesimo sezulu, nesikhathi sosuku lokuhlwa, nokushisa okuvamile kwansuku zonke, futhi, ngokufanayo, "isethi" yezitshalo nezilwane ezihlala endaweni ethile. Ngakho mangaki amabhande okukhanyisa emhlabeni? Zihlukaniswe zaba ezintathu eziyinhloko, kodwa ezimbili zazo (ezishisayo nezama-polar) zihlukaniswa zibe ezimbili (enyakatho naseningizimu). Ngakho uma uvumelana nale nyunithi, umbuzo wokuthi zingaki amabhande okukhanyisa, kuzoba kuhle ukuphendula - amahlanu.

Okushisayo kunesidingo. Uma sicabangela ibhande lokukhanyisa komhlaba njengephesenti, khona-ke eshisayo kuzothatha amaphesenti angu-40 ebusweni bonke. Ebhekene nesimo sezulu esishisa kakhulu, ukushintsha kwezinkathi zonyaka kungenzeka, kodwa akukho ukungafani okubukhali emkhatsini, kuthi, phakathi kwebusika nehlobo, imini nobusuku kuyafana nesikhathi. Ilanga phakathi nonyaka endaweni yelibhande lokukhanyisa komhlaba liphindwe kabili endaweni yalo (March 21 noSeptemba 23, lapho sine- equinox yasentwasahlobo noma ekwindla), futhi sikhuphuka ngaphezu kwenhla yonke isikhathi.

Uma sikhumbula ukucabanga okucatshangelwayo kwe-axis eqondile yomhlaba kuya ecliptic, khona-ke ngeke kuguquke ngokuqondene namaTropiki, ngoba ezimweni ezikhona, imisebe yelanga iwela cishe ngokuphambene.

Ibhande elilinganiselwe

Lithatha ingxenye engaphezu kwesigamu seplanethi yethu, uma ubona ukunemba okwedlulele, ngamaphesenti angu-52. Isici salesi sibhande sokukhanyisa komhlaba siyishintsho esicacile sezinkathi ezindaweni eziningi ezithathayo. Ubude busuku nobusuku kulezi zindawo ezixhomekile kuncike esikhathini sonyaka: ebusika, isikhathi eside somusi, ehlobo - emini.

Eduzane nemibuthano ye-polar yinto ebizwa ngokuthi ubusuku obumhlophe, lapho isibonakaliso kufihla isikhathi esifushane kakhulu ngaphesheya komkhathi, ngenxa yokuthi ukuntwela kokusa kusihlwa kuphenduka kancane kancane. Akusibumnyama ebusuku njengalokhu, futhi phakathi kwamabili ungabona cishe njengosuku.

Ngokuba ibhande elilinganiselwe lokukhanya kweMhlaba liyisici futhi ukuthi i-Sun kuso ayifinyeleli ku-zenith.

Ukushintsha kwezinkathi zonyaka kwenza futhi umehluko phakathi kwezimila kanye nezimila ezishisayo. Uma lokhu kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka unyaka wonke, khona-ke lapha iningi lezihlahla nezihlahla ezinyangeni ezibandayo "zilele", okungukuthi, zilahla amaqabunga bese ziyeka ukukhula. Ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane nazo zihlambalaza ubusika, okwenzekayo ebhanini elishisayo.

NgoDisemba 22 kanti usuku olufanayo ngoJuni luphawuleka ngoba imini nobusuku yiwona omude kakhulu kulezi zinsuku. Ngakho-ke, ngoDisemba 22, ubusuku buthatha isikhathi eside sosuku, futhi ezinsukwini ezilandelayo kancane kancane kwehla. Futhi ngoJuni 22, usuku lude kunobusuku; Kodwa-ke izivumelwano, ukulungiselela isimo sokulala ebusika. Okuthakazelisayo kusukela ekubukeni kwezinkanyezi nakho ku- March 21 no-Septhemba 23, lapho imini nobusuku zilingana.

I-Cold Belts

Lezi yizindawo ezincane kunazo zonke. Bahlala amaphesenti ayisishiyagalombili kuphela eplanethi yoMhlaba. Ngamanye amazwi, kuthiwa yi-polar, echaza indawo yawo ngokunembile: lezi zibopho zokukhanyisa komhlaba eMbala zihambisana nePlond neSouth.

Ubusika kanye nehlobo lapha buhambisana nobusuku nemini: ezinyangeni zasebusika ilanga alikho ngokuphelele esibhakabhakeni, ezinyangeni zasehlobo alishintshi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ihlobo lifushane kakhulu, kanti nakuba ukukhanya kungabonakali ngemuva komkhathi, cishe akushisi umhlaba. Imisebe yayo cishe ayithinti ubuso - i-angle ebukhali kakhulu yokuwa kwabo. Kungashiwo ukuthi ubusuku obumhlophe obubonwa endaweni enomoya ophansi kuyindawo yokulala nezinsuku zobusuku.

Ukukhanya okubandayo futhi okuphansi kwenza kube khona ububha besitshalo emhlabeni. Kuseduze nesikhungo sebhande, izitshalo ezincane. Uma kukhona ngisho nemisipha emibuthanweni yesikhombisa, ngisho noma engasaphila ezigodini. Okufanayo kusebenza nezilwane. Okuqhubekayo kusukela emgqeni - ukuhlukahluka okukhulu.

Ngokuvamile, kulula ukubona ukuthi amabhande wokukhanya kweMhlaba kuthinta indawo yazo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo zomhlaba kabanzi.