Kanjani olimini lwesiNgisi? Indaba ngolimi lwesiNgisi

Ngezazi zezilimi mlando isikhathi eside omunye umbuzo obaluleke kunayo wahlala mayelana nendlela lapho kwakungabantu abakhuluma isiNgisi. Phela, namuhla ke ubhekwa ngamazwe, uzazi cishe zonke izizwe zomhlaba, Japan eHawaii. Kulula ukufunda, yokubiza akuyona silulumagama likhulu kakhulu umthwalo, okwenza kube kungenzeka kalula ukukhumbula konke kubalulekile. Ake sizame ukuthola indlela benza ngesiNgisi. Siyazi ukuthi abantu ekuqaleni ulikhulumé ezathonya lasungulwa futhi ezishintshe kungamakhulu eminyaka.

Celtic izwi semininingwane

Izizwe lokuqala kuyiphi bashiya umlando ongeke njengabakufanelekele ukuhlaziswa yonke iNhlonhlo British, nje zazinjalo Celtic. Baye matasa la mazwe emhlabeni ngonyaka 800 BC futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi uye waba neqhaza elikhulu isiko kanye nokuthuthukiswa ikusasa abantu ababehlala futhi siphile lapha. Kuyinto kusukela AmaCeltic kufanele aqale indaba mayelana nendlela lapho kwakungabantu abakhuluma isiNgisi. NgesiNgisi ifomu evamile, ngokuqinisekile ayizange ukukhuluma, kodwa iningi amarekhodi abo kanye imibhalo kalula wokufunda abavubukuli yesimanje. Izimpande amazwi, okuyinto manje esetshenziswa kule inkulumo, babekwa labo Ages ekuseni futhi akukashintshi kuze kube yilolu suku.

Amagama namazwi

Ngokwabo njengoba amaCelt, njengoba indaba uthi, abangu kakhulu isihambile ngaleso sikhathi abantu. Emphakathini lapho indoda, waba ngukumkani Sabefundisi, bonke laba bafana ngaphansi eqeqeshwa esiqinile wawoyise. Wonke umuntu owayekulelo lesi sizwe, wayeyazi lokubhala, ngangingakwazi ukufunda ngolimi lwabo lwendabuko. AmaCeltic futhi kwadingeka eyodwa sici - amasosha ukuhlobisa ngokwabo kapende blue lokho kwawenza ekulweni ngophezu kwezitha esabekayo ngaphezulu. inqubo enjalo babiza igama elithi "Brit» (brith), okuyinto uhumusha njengoba "obomvu." Yilokho yaba isisekelo sezinguqulo amagama wonke amazwe nezizwe abahlala kuyo ngesikhathi esizayo. Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi kulesigaba kuyacaca kakhulu lapho benza ngolimi lwesiNgisi, kodwa kukhona ezimbalwa amaphuzu ezithakazelisayo. Ngokufanayo, kusukela zezigodi Celtic Ususe eziningi amagama, okuyinto manje kabanzi esetshenziswa British nabaseMelika. Futhi agcinwayo incazelo yalo nokulisebenzisa indlela akheke ngayo amagama ezifana "whiskey", "plaid", "isiqubulo" kanye nabanye abaningi.

ukunqoba saseRoma ngokuzalwa futhi nokwenziwa yokukhuluma

Ngo-44 BC, i-British Islands ngokusemthethweni baba isifundazwe okubi okwakugcwele eMbusweni WaseRoma, kanye akuholile ngayo le amazwe koMbusi uKlawudiyu. Ekukhanyeni yalezi zigigaba kwaba nenye abantu - Roman futhi Celtic, kanjalo savela futhi inkulumo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izazi-mlando eziningi ofundelwa kanjani lapho kwakungabantu abakhuluma isiNgisi, qiniseka anakho ncamashi izimpande Latin. lolimi Jikelele, abaningi elifanayo amazwi owodwa impande, kanye nezenzakalo ezingokomlando elingenakuphikwa ukukhuluma esivuna lokhu. Lapha siphawula ukuthi yonke iYurophu ekuqa- nangenkathi wathonywa kwamaRoma ulimi lwesiLatini. Zonke izizwe abangabodwa liye lapho esuswa kuye okuthile bona, kodwa into kwenezelwa tandziso kokuqala. Ngokufanayo, ulimi lwesiNgisi kwaba nokwenziwa wamaCelt Latin amazwi. Kodwa ngo yolimi lwanamuhla bungabonakala futhi amazwi aphuma kuphela ekubusweni amaRoma. Kuyinto konke yiwona impande "iCastra" (Latin "ikamu".) - Lancaster Leincester. Futhi, igama elithi "emgwaqweni" ( "Street"), lisuselwa Latin. «Via kwezakhi» - "umgwaqo ngamatshe." Lawa namanje amagama "iwayini", "ipheya", "upelepele", nabanye.

kwethonya eScandinavia

Esikhathini 800s ngasekupheleni eBritish Isles Denmark iwina. Phakathi nomsebenzi, eyathatha ngaphezu konyaka owodwa kude, futhi labantu yamukeleke, ngokulandelana, ke savela. Ngoba indima enkulu kanjani olimini lwesiNgisi livela kwelesiLatini ubonakele, idlala Denmark. Ngaphezu iqoqo lamagama, okuyinto agcwaliswa zigcine ulimi lwesiNgisi ngesikhathi, liphinde Friend incwadi kufanelekile inhlanganisela, okuyinto ke bakha ehlukile futhi zizimele kusukela izwi zaseScandinavia. Kahle kahle, lokhu -sc futhi -sk. Bakha amagama anjengokuthi "isikhumba" - "isikhumba" (nge "hide" kokuqala), "skull" - "Skull" (nge "igobolondo" yoqobo) kanye "esibhakabhakeni" - "esibhakabhakeni" (ngaphambili kuphela "ezulwini" ).

Ingabe yesimanje - okuxubile?

Manje cabanga elisekela esijana umsuka wenkulumo, nokuyinto ezwakalayo ukuze umuntu wesimanje, futhi ekugcineni ukuxazulula umbuzo kanjani lwesiNgisi. NgesiNgisi ngaphambi kwekhulu le-11, kwacaca ukuthi, asizange nhlobo sikhulume ngaso sonke. Kwakumelwe tandziso, okuthiwa-Anglo-Saxon, Roman, Celtic, nokunye. Kuyinto kuleli khulu leminyaka, French ngaphansi kobuholi eKing William yanqoba eBrithani. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ulimi olusemthethweni kuleli kamu kwakungowesifazane isiFulentshi. Izincwadi zazibhalwe izinkantolo, nokwahlulelwa kanye nezinye izindaba zombuso. Ngesikhathi esifanayo lesi senzo Latin - ke yilona limi isayensi. abantu Simple wakhuluma-Anglo-Saxon zezigodi. Kungenxa yokuthi le ngxube eneziyaluyalu English wazalwa, ezingasetshenziswa kakade ukuqonda umuntu okhona.

New England iminyaka kusukela 1500s kuze kube namuhla

Ekugcineni, ulimi kwakhiwa ngekhulu le-16. Umsunguli wawo iba Umbhali odumile Uilyam Shekspir. Lo muntu akagcinanga imithombo ebhalwe eqinisekisa khona inkulumo abanekhono ngesikhathi eBrithani, naye yasungulwa amagama nezinkulumo eziningi ezintsha ukuthi sisebenzisa namuhla. Omunye kunazo yesiteleka iyona "swag" (Swagger) - lisho, esakaza, Gait eziyengayo. Kamuva, ngo-1795, ekukhanyeni akube kusakhulunywa ngaye incwadi "English Grammar," ezingafinyelela L. Murray. Kuze kube manje, kuba isisekelo izinzuzo zemfundo.

Ithumela emazweni amasha

Very interesting kuyinto umbuzo kanjani benza English Melika, ngoba manje wonke uthi uthi kuso. Ngokusemthethweni, Wafika Izingqungqulu Zomhlaba ekhulwini le-17 kanye amakoloni abadumile British, owahamba lapho beyofuna ukuphila okungcono. Kubalulekile wazi ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi ezweni Melika kakade esungulwe nemizana yayo nezinye kwabantu baseYurophu - romanoyazychnye (iSipanishi, isiFulentshi, isiNtaliyane), kanye abakhuluma isiJalimane (AmaJalimane, abaseSweden, Danes). Phakathi ukwehluka kazwelonke enjalo wama phandle ikakhulu abaseSpain ngubani ababengaphansi kwemibuso yakwamanye amazwe, engxenyeni eseningizimu yaleli zwekazi entsha. Ibe isilandelwa kwakungamadodana isiFulentshi, owathuthela kuya eNyakatho neMelika. Kodwa iningi lama-babe British. Yingoba isiNgisi yaqala ukusakaza ezikhonza kula mazwe.

zezigodi American

Enye ukuxuba izimpande zaseScandinavia, British namaRoma, kuye kwanikeza isintu ulimi olusha - American. Uma sibheka ukwakheka kwazo yayo, akuhlukile British, kodwa Enkulumweni eyayivame ilula kakhulu futhi kuqondile. BaseMelika ungayisebenzisi izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi yesikhashana, bona bazikhulumele njalo esifushane futhi elula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, baye baba phezulu ngamazwi amaningi amasha osekuyisikhathi eside British akucacile. Futhi, ulimi lwesigodi American kakhulu ayegcwele amazwi Spanish. Abaningi asetshenziswa ifomu okumsulwa, abanye reworked ngendlela yakhe.

Kwenzeka kanjani ukuba la IsiZulu eRussia

Ngamunye wethu wazi kahle kamhlophe ukuthi ezweni lakhe lokuzalwa ngesiNgisi wake akekho owathi. Phakathi namakhulu eminyaka, kube savela Slavic ke ngolimi lwethu Russian, okuyinto aluthola ifomu yesimanje kuphela phakathi nekhulu lama-20. Nokho, elite umphakathi waqala ukuba sifunde lolu limi kanye naphesheya kwezilwandle njengoba uvele ezweni imisebenzi kaShakespeare. Babeqale zahunyushelwa olimini Russian, okuyinto nayo iyadingeka ulwazi ulimi lomthombo. Kamuva, abantu wafinyelela esiphethweni ukuthi kubalulekile ukufundisa umculo we-classic injalo yasekuqaleni. Kancane kancane, abantu Russian baye bafunda lolu limi, kodwa leli lungelo kungaba ukuthinta izicukuthwane kuphela. Iningi labantu, ngawo abalimi abakwazi ukufunda ngisho eyabo. Ngakho-ke, kuze kube manje, isizwe sethu uhlala okungenani ababeyizazi izilimi zakwamanye amazwe, ngisho ezingeni umsebenzisi.