Izitshalo Monoecious: izibonelo

Zonke izitshalo aziwa isayensi zihlukaniswe amaqembu amathathu - monoecious, dioecious, kanye ne-multi-homed. Ngezinye inflorescences lokuqala kwabobulili ezisebusweni ngabanye esifanayo, kwesibili - e ezahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zimbali kungaba ukuthi ngithanda abesilisa nabesifazane - ne pistils kanye stamens, noma dioecious, ezithinta noma pistil noma stamen. izitshalo Multi-homed ukuhlinzekela nomuntu ngamunye phezu ezimbili izinhlobonhlobo inflorescences. Okubizwa ngokuthi isithembu kwenzeka ihhashi onsundu, umlotha, amagilebhisi, nezabudok. Kodvwa umbuto akuyona ngazo. Lesi sihloko sichaza okuyinto otshalayo monoecious futhi inikeza incazelo emfushane nababamele bhá.

izitshalo Monoecious: kwebalingisi

Ososayensi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi bobulili obufanayo izimbali kwakhiwa kusukela ngithanda abesilisa nabesifazane, futhi kwenzeka sibonga inqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Ekhuluma izitshalo monoecious, kubalulekile ukugcizelela yokuthi zinezikhathi khona ikhophi eyodwa pistillate noma staminate inflorescences. Bobubili ubulili buyigugu "endlini efanayo" - kungakho igama zasemazweni.

Izitshalo yalolu hlobo ngokuvamile zingumoya impova ngezinyosi. Kunezikhathi lapho impova idluliswe izinambuzane - inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i entomophily. Izitshalo akuzona autogamy esingokwemvelo lapho impova senzeka isitsha imbali. Ngokuvamile, impova uwela lapha emphecweni nabanye inflorescences, okuyinto zitholakala kwi isitshalo efanayo. Lokhu kuthinta ngqo imbewu izakhiwo ezimbi.

Kuzo zonke isinyathelo zikhona izitshalo monoecious. Izibonelo ezindaweni eziluhlaza ezifana elandelayo: ikhabe, ummbila, ithanga, ziyadliwa, hazel, Alder, beech, birch kanye oki. Akwaziwa futhi zinhlobo anjalo okuyinto ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu kungenziwa uguqulwe ube dioecious ka monoecious - zihlanganisa, isibonelo, Hemp.

ziyadliwa

Omunye abameleli bhá izitshalo monoecious. Kuyinto unothile ngamavithamini, alkaloids, carotene, amafutha abalulekile, nosawoti zensimbi nezinye izakhi. Walnut kuthuthukisa nenkumbulo, kusiza ukuqeda ukuqunjelwa, lubaluleke isifo senhliziyo nesikashukela, kuvimbela umdlavuza mammary futhi wendlala nezindlala.

Bloom iqala ngo-May. izithelo ewusizo kwesihlahla kungenziwa bejabulela ku Septhemba. Inflorescence walnuts ziqoqwa ngamaqembu amancane - kusukela izingcezu amabili kuya kwamahlanu. Ngenxa yokuthi iduna izimbali zesifazane uvuthwe hhayi kanyekanye, phakathi kwawo kukhona cross-impova. Tie nut izithelo can futhi ngaphandle impova, kodwa ke impahla yabo iyoba eliphansi kakhulu.

Umuthi we-oki

izitshalo Monoecious futhi izihlahla emkhayeni beech. Oak - nomele ejwayelekile wabo. Sekuyisikhathi eside ezwa kubhekwe samuntu ukuhlakanipha, ukuphila isikhathi eside, ubuhle namandla. Ifa nezimfanelo ezifana amagxolo, amaqabunga, acorns izitshalo. Inamandla kakhulu, ukuze sikhuthazele ngezikhathi zasebusika obubandayo nehlobo ukushisa, izimo ezimbi sezulu kanye ngokuphazima kweso lapho isimo sezulu. Umuthi we-oki ukuphakama - akukho kuka-30 metres, kodwa ezikhathini eziningi uhlobo kukhona imidondoshiya yangempela. Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi kwesihlahla se-okhi iqala ukuthela izithelo emva kweminyaka eminingi umuntu amathathu kusukela ngesikhathi kutshalwa.

Kutholwe ku-oki * esifazane izimbali besilisa, ngakho lezi izihlahla - izitshalo monoecious. zezinhlobo Staminate kuvame babuthelwa florets ezincane, abe nombala ogqamile. izihloko zazo ehlotshiswe njengegazi edging. Izimbali zesilisa ezincane - ukuthi akuphi "e isixha" yizicucu ezintathu futhi ube nice ukukhanya pink umbala. On amandla okwelapha oki ezaziwa kakhulu. Ukukhiqiza ephulukisa izidakamizwa usebenzisa zonke - amagxolo, acorns, amahlamvu, okuyinto ifa nilimaza-ukuphulukiswa, astringent, izakhiwo eqeda ukuvuvukala. Oaks zikhule kahle bonke sezulu: kokubili emaxhaphozini eluhlaza (intombi umbono) kanye ezindaweni ezomile.

birch

Ngu isitshalo monoecious ayihlanganisi ziyadliwa kanye oki, kodwa futhi birch. izingxenye ukhuni avame ukusetshenziswa lapho kwenziwa abantu imithi. Ngokwesibonelo, tincture abelaphi kwezinso ngenkuthalo ukuze kuqedwe izifo ezihlukahlukene. A birch mushroom kuyinto ukuqabuleka omuhle. It ngempumelelo uphulukisa ikhanda, kwandisa isifiso sokudla. A othandekayo birch juice ahlanze umzimba, elwa ngokumelene yangaphakathi isimila ukwakheka nokukhula.

Birch ingafinyelela ubude obungaphezu kwamamitha amabili nanhlanu. Kuyinto kancane kunabayeni beech umndeni ngenani izizukulwane nezinhlobo. Futhi kakhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo birch "clan", zikhona 150 kuphela, e-beech, lesi sibalo okuningi emikhulu - 800 zilwane. Cishe wonke amalungu omndeni ka birch olumelana isithwathwa ezakho kuye Japanese kuphela, Chinese izinyoni zaseHimalaya.

Filbert

Walnut, yebo isihlekehleke somuthi, birch - akusiyo zonke izindawo oluhlaza, eziyingxenye yeqembu elibizwa ngokuthi "izitshalo monoecious." Izibonelo phambili kungaba elingapheli. Lesi sigaba sisebenza hazel - ehlathini-osindile, okuyinto ngokwesilinganiso Ungajabulisa isintu amantongomane esihlwabusayo futhi unempilo mayelana engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili.

Izimbali zesilisa (staminate) catkins zitholakala kule isitshalo, kodwa owesifazane (pistil) ku flower efihlekile. Hazel ezihlabayo - izitshalo jikelele monoecious. Isithelo, amagxolo, amaqabunga ngisho izimpande - konke lokhu kabanzi lisetshenziswe imithi. varicose emithanjeni, ukuqunjelwa, ukungabi ubisi e lactating abesifazane, yamathambo, ukuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni, umfutho ophakeme wegazi - zonke lezi zinkinga kalula babhekane, isithako nomuthi yokugcoba, kanye nezinye izindlela, eyenziwe izingxenye hazel.

sedge

Kokunikeza uhide izitshalo monoecious, ngifuna ukuhlala kulokhu Ngokwesibonelo aluhlaza. Okwamanje, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili zezinto eziphilayo yakhe. Sedge uthanda umswakama, ngakho ngokuvamile ingatholakala emaxhaphozini. Ingase futhi sikhule ngqo emanzini. A imfuneko ukhona ovamile khona ukukhanya. Nokho, lesi sitshalo kalula ukuzivumelanisa engxenyeni ezindaweni zabaNsundu.

Inflorescences unisexual: besilisa zezinhlobo zesifazane bavela 2 kuya 5 stamens futhi pistils. sedge eshiya ukufinyelela imitha elilodwa ukuphakama. Basuke uvalwe babeqoqana, ngakho icishe ifane uhlevane ukuthi kalula ukumelana isisindo umuntu. Ziyakwazi obukhulu kakhulu nge imiphetho kanzima, ngakho umuntu ahlanze izandla zabo angenalutho is hhayi Kunconywa: ungakwazi ukusika ngokwakho kabi. Eminyakeni yamuva, lesi sitshalo ngokuya esetshenziselwa zokuhlobisa - ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho kukhona amachibi yokufakelwa. Sedge ehlotshisiwe emachibini amancane kanye amachibi. Futhi, lesi sitshalo livame ukusetshenziswa njengoba ifolishi, kuyaqabukela lisetshenziswe kwemithi.