Indlela kwezinhlobo eziningi Emhlabeni ephila nathi

Kukho konke ukuphila emhlabeni is ingcaca ukwehlukana kwayo. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, isintu besilokhu ukutadisha, Uzama ukuhlela bese ubala ukuthi izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni. Kodwa ngisho nanamuhla, naphezu degree kuqhathaniswa eliphezulu biology zentuthuko, akukho usosayensi Awukwazi ukuphendula umbuzo, indlela izinhlobo eziningi izilwane emhlabeni coexists nathi ngokunembile.

imiqondo Jikelele

Licashe biology kwakusho iqembu eziphilayo zifana kokushesha futhi labo abazokwazi beyizalaniselana ngokuzalwa inzalo evundile ophilayo.

zinhlobo sokunquma yavama:

• morphological (isakhiwo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle);
• kwezakhi zofuzo (isakhiwo ocwaningweni);
• (Izinqubo ukufana exchange) Biochemistry;
• nosawoti (ukufana izinqubo ezibalulekile);
• Geographical (olwenzeka endaweni);
• kwemvelo (e niche emvelweni).

Futhi ungakwazi ukunweba lolu hlu. Ukuze sithole ifomu bese uyithumela ohlelweni ngezigaba kuyadingeka ukuqhuba ukuhlaziya sasivumela wasakha ngokucophelela okukhulu.

Izilwane kanye nezitshalo

Isimanga siwukuthi ngisho kwencazelo umzimba lenye taxon ethile kungase kubangele ubunzima. On izazi zezinto eziphilayo namuhla oyikholelwayo ukuthi izilwane - kukhona eziphilayo zisebenzisa ukuphila izinto ngomumo eyenziwe eziphilayo, futhi ayikwazi synthesize ke kusukela wezinto ezingaphili. Otshalayo ngokwabo synthesize udaba eziphilayo ukuphila kwabo izinqubo. Futhi, lokhu kuwubufakazi lolumalula kakhulu.

ukuvela eyinkimbinkimbi

Bala inombolo zezilwane nezitshalo emhlabeni ikhona esithile, kuba yinkinga uma sicabangela ukuvela ngomzuzwana. Ngalunye oluphilayo zakwazi yake khona, elichumayo noma ukwehla, zinyamalale noma ziphenduke.

Ezinye izazi zezinto eziphilayo zilandise idatha ihora ngalinye emhlabeni irrevocably wanyamalala ezintathu zama-eziphilayo, ngokulandelana, ngosuku uzonyamalala mayelana 72 zilwane. Mayelana zingaki ngempela izinto eziphilayo lapho kungenziwa abahlulela yokuthi ngezigaba yonyaka futhi taxonomy kulekelelwa izinkulungwane zezinto eziphilayo ezintsha kuchazwe. Kuyinto ephawulekayo ukuthi cishe njalo catch ngosizo izitsha ucwaningo trawling ekujuleni kolwandle kuletha abameleli ososayensi ocean, hhayi zinhlobo echazwe ngaphambilini.

idatha kwezazi

Zingaki izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezikhona emhlabeni? Ngokusho nezilinganiso kwezazi, kuba 2-3% amanani apheleleko, sebevele emhlabeni selokhu zokuphila. Yokuqothulwa - inqubo evamile kwemvelo kuyafana ukuvela kwezinhlobo ezintsha. Ngakho impendulo yombuzo othi kwezinhlobo eziningi kanjani ezisele emhlabeni jikelele, kudinga ukuzimisela nesikhathi esishiwo. Ukukhetha Natural emzabalazweni khona engakaze kukhanselwe.

Ngokwesibonelo, kunobufakazi bokuthi kusuka 1600 kuya 1969 ne ebusweni bomhlaba wanyamalala 38 zezilwane ezincelisayo nezinhlobo 94 ekilasini ekilasini zezinyoni.

Ezingasekho noma akunjalo?

Kukhona ezifana ikhomishana ngamazwe ukongiwa of zinhlobo (IUCN), owawuthi 801 kwezilwane echazwe ngokusemthethweni, kwanyamalala ebusweni Zomhlaba past 500 iminyaka. Ngezinye izikhathi zinhlobo limenyezelwe yokuqothulwa, iyaqala ukhona.

Esikhathini 20s kwekhulu langaphambilini, kwenzeka ne enyakatho indlovu uphawu. Lezi zilwane kwathiwa yokuqothulwa ngenxa kuqothulwe esinonya indoda. Nokho, Lost Iqembu wezindlovu emaphethelweni eMexico, esiqhingini esincane of Guadalupe, uye wakwazi ukuba asinde, nesimangaliso oda ngabanye 100 lolu hlobo zilwane ezinkulu wakwazi ukuphinde alungise ngamandla alo. Namuhla kwezinhlobo akuyona esongelwa yokuqothulwa.

Ingabe ukunyamalala scary

Kanjani ukunyamalala uvemvane kuphela ngokuthi ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kokuphila emhlabeni, ngisho nezingane ukwazi. Wonke umuntu wabheka eponymous Hollywood ibhayisikobho eshisa izikhotha. Le filimu kunemithelela ngempela. Izazi zezinto eziphilayo ucaphune isibonelo sendlela ushintsho zenye ku-ecosystem ye kwimfunda Amazon, okuholela imiphumela elikhulu. Kufika izinguquko ekuphakameni. Ngakho ukuze ukuphila butterfly omncane nemvelo, lapho konke ixhunyiwe izindikimba ayetholakala, ukuxhumana, nje kubalulekile njengoba ukuba khona kuso sonke isintu.

Nokho, zingaki ngempela izinto eziphilayo eMhlabeni isilwane?

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, bazama ukuthola ukuthi izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo athathwe. Kwakamuva amanyuvesi imisebenzi yesayensi eCanada nase Hawaii kuholele sibalo abayizigidi ezingu 8.7 - yilokho zingaki ngempela izinto eziphilayo kukhona Emhlabeni namuhla. Futhi-80% kule sibalo - kohlobo okwamanje esachazwa isayensi yesimanje. Izinkinga ze-non-ochwepheshe ngale ndaba akuyona kunalawo taxonomists okhokhelwayo.

Okunye idatha kusikisela ukuba khona eziningi zezinto eziphilayo ezingu-150 wafunda zazo 1.5 million kuphela.

Kungani ukubala?

Ukwazi izinhlobo eziningi kanjani izilwane emhlabeni, ngokuvumelana zesayensi yezempilo, akusikho kuphela isithakazelo theory. Ukubaluleka ngokoqobo kolwazi enjalo kuzovumela ezemvelo ukubala ukuthi ukulahlekelwa kwenzeka lapho iphuzu lapho kungayi lubuyayo, iphuzu lwenhlekelele emvelweni ngezinga elingelikhulu kwamaplanethi. izibalo ezifana nalezi amasu abo futhi kungasiza ukuthuthukisa izindlela ukuze alondoloze ukuzinza yesimiso semvelo esenza ukucacisa bokuphila ngokwako kule planethi.

idatha eqondile phezu eziningana zezinto eziphilayo ukwehluka zomhlaba ngeke bazi. Lona Isibikezelo izazi zesayensi yezinto eziphilayo. Sizohlala ukuqagela kule plus, lokususa kwesigidi. Nokho, lokhu akusho zisenza sibe abantu Bayakulahla ukukhathazeka. I fragility kwendawo yemvelo planethi, ukubaluleka ngamunye, ngisho umzimba ezincane kule linganisa - value okukhulu, isipho yemvelo.