Izingxenye ezishisayo zeRussia - ulwazi jikelele

Izingxenye zezulu zomhlaba zakhiwe ngaphansi kwethonya lezici eziningana eziyinhloko, ezihlanganisa ukushisa, umswakama kanye nomswakama emkhathini, kanye nokuguquguquka kwemimoya yomoya. Ngokwezigaba ezamukelweyo, zonke izixuku zomoya ezithatha isimo sezulu zihlukaniswe zibe izinhlobo ezine: i-Arctic, i-temperate, i-tropical ne-equatorial. Ngokusekelwe esimweni sendawo ngaphezulu ngenhla lapho kuhlanganiswa khona imimoya yomoya, ihlukaniswa ngokuphindaphindiwe ibe yizwekazi kanye nolwandle.

Izingxenye zezulu zaseRussia, njengeplanethi yonke, zikhethwe ngokusho kwamagama omphakathi. Kwamanye amagama isiqalo "sub" sengeziwe, uma uhlaka lwomoya lushintsha lendawo lunikeziwe ngenkathi.

Ngaphandle kokulingana, zonke izindawo zezulu zitholakala kokubili eNyakatho naseNingizimu Yezwe Elisha. I-Russia inensimu enkulu enezinhlobo ezahlukene zesimo sezulu, ngoba umlingiswa ophezulu, umswakama, izinga lokushisa kanye nomsuka we-radiation uhlukahluka kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zezwe.

Izingxenye zezulu zaseRussia zizungezile, zihlasele futhi zisezingeni eliphansi. Ezindaweni ezivuthayo, kunezinhlobo eziningana ezihlukile zesimo sezulu, okuyinto, naphezu kwezinye izici ezivamile zesimo sezulu kanye nezinguquko zonyaka, zibe nokungafani okuphawulekayo kokushisa nokushisa.

Izici zezindlela zezulu zeRussia:

1. Ibhande lase-Arctic - ogwini lwe-Arctic Ocean eSiberia naseziqhingini eziseduze, ngaphandle kweziqhingi eziseningizimu zoLwandle lwaseBarents. Amakhaza amaningi kunawo wonke. Kukhona ukushisa okuncane kakhulu kwelanga lapha, futhi phakathi nobusuku obude be-polar abukho neze. Ukushisa okuvamile ebusika kungaphansi kwe-degrees 30-35, ehlobo - kusuka ku-zero kuya ku-five. Ukushisa kwama-solar ehlobo kusetshenziselwa ukuqhaqhazela iqhwa neqhwa, kanye nokufudumala kwomoya obandayo, ovela olwandle. Isimo sezulu ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka siyanda, sinamafu.

Inani lemvula, ngaphandle kwalezi zindawo ezincane, akulona okukhulu kakhulu - kusuka ku 200 kuya ku-300 mm ngonyaka.

Hlanganisa izindawo eziningana zezulu zendawo ye-Arctic:

- ukungena ngaphakathi, ngobusuku obude kakhulu nobunzima obukhulu;

- iSiberia - okubandayo kunabo bonke izindawo zokudoba;

- Pacific - Ephakathi kanzima endaweni;

- i-Atlantic - ifudumala futhi ilula kakhulu.

Ngaphakathi kwebhande lase-Arctic, isimo sezulu nesigodi se-Arctic sakhiwa.

2. Ibhande eliphansi - lihlanganisa iziqhingi eziseningizimu yeLwandle lwaseBarents, i-Western Siberia, i-East European Plain kanye nenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeRussia kuya kuma-degrees angu-60 enyakatho ye-latitude. Kulesi bhande kukhona ukushintsha kwenkathi yomoya okugeleza. Ubunzima nobusika obusika bukhula kancane kancane empumalanga. Esiqhingini saseKola, ngokwesilinganiso, ebusika -7 ... -12, futhi ogwini lwasePacific kakade -12 ... -18 degrees.

Ihlobo lifudumele futhi lide kunalesi se-Arctic. Ngokwesilinganiso, izinga lokushisa lifinyelela ku-+ 10 degrees. Imvula yaminyaka yonke iphakeme: isilinganiso sama 400 - 450 mm.

Ebandleni elincane, indawo yaseSiberia yendawo, iPacific ne-Atlantic, ibuye ihlukaniswe. Lapha, isimo sezulu se-forest, i-woodland yaseSiberia kanye ne-northern taiga.

3. Ibhande elilinganiselwe - insimu enkulu yezwe: ingxenye yaseYurophu, eNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga Siberia, eMpumalanga Ekude. Uma siqhathanisa izindawo zezulu zaseRussia, sizobe sihlangabezana nezimo zezulu ezihlukahlukene kunazo zonke.

Kusukela emngceleni osenyakatho webhande eningizimu, ukushisa kwesimo sezulu kancane kancane kwanda futhi inani lemvula liyehla, futhi kusukela entshonalanga kuya empumalanga umuntu angathola izindawo eziqhubekayo zezulu: i- continental, i-continental, ngokulinganisela kwezwekazi, i-Continental kanye ne-monsoon. Lokhu kungenxa yezimpawu eziphawulekayo zokusakazwa kwemimoya emoyeni ngaphakathi kwendawo epholile.

Nomaphi lapho kukhona ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu sonyaka. Amahlumela ebusika asezingeni eliphansi, futhi ihlobo lifudumele kakhulu. Ukushisa kwehla kuyanda endaweni yezwekazi elibukhali. Uhlobo lwemozulu olumanzi kakhulu kunazo zonke futhi olupholile kunazo zonke, futhi konke okulula kunayo yonke i-Continental.

Ukuguqula izindawo zomhlaba zomunye nomunye waseRussia kungase kutholakale ngokugcwele ezintabeni, ngoba isimo sezulu sezintaba sihluke kakhulu kuzo zonke ezinye. Lapha ukuhlukahluka kwesimo sezulu kuyanda kakhulu, futhi emadolobheni amancane kakhulu kunamazinga okushisa ahlukene kakhulu, umoya omswakama nomswakama. Ngokuningi ukuya eningizimu nangaphezulu kwentaba, okungafani kakhulu yi-microclimate yabo.