Izinguquko ka Khrushchev nemisebenzi yakhe yezombusazwe

Nikita Sergeevich Hruschev wangena umlando wase-USSR neRussia njengombusi waleli eyindida kunazo zonke, bethonywe ukuthuthukiswa iziqondiso ezintsha e inqubomgomo angaphandle kanye ezifuywayo wase-USSR futhi kwenziwe eminyakeni eyishumi nanye wokubusa kwakhe kwekuhlela kabusha eziningana.

izinqubomgomo langaphakathi Khrushchev

kokufa kukaStalin ngo-1953 kwaholela umzabalazo imfihlo indawo kwi "sobukhosi ', kodwa isikhundla uNobhala lokuqala CPSU Khrushchev waya. Ngesikhathi XX-th Congress (1956) wenza umbiko, wathola resonance emhlabeni wonke. Isihloko esikhulu kwaba ukuchayeka of ihlelo ubuntu ka Stalin, sibhale yezenzo zobugebengu ezihlukahlukene 30s-50s. futhi ukugxekwa yokucindezelwa yayo. Ukuqala de-Stalinization futhi ukubusa ngentando yeningi.

kwekuhlela kabusha Khrushchev sika

De-Stalinization kwadingeka Nokho, akukho ukulandelana, akukho ubuqotho. Ngokusho izinkolelo Khrushchev, kwaba ahlulelwa yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi Stalin kanye nokusungulwa lokulawula party phezu kwezitho ingajezisa. Kukhona nokubuyiselwa umthetho nokuhleleka, umthetho kanye namalungelo omthethosisekelo izakhamuzi.

Khrushchev Izinguquko ezithile ziye zaba baqhubeka - kabusha iqembu elibusayo eyenziwa yeningi, izinguquko izimo itholakele, kuhlonyiswa lwezinhlangano zasendaweni kanye Union republic. Ngo-1957, waphulukisa amalungelo abantu badingiselwa ngu uStalin. Kukhona izingxenye ezintsha iziphathimandla zomphakathi, njll

kabusha zokulawula

Ukuzama ukuya kwaholela kwetintfo isakhiwo ukuphathwa, ukwandisa isibalo izikhulu izindlela kwezomnotho zokuphatha. Ngo-1962 wakha kakhulu akuphumelelanga ka izinguquko: lunye izinhlangano party (kwezezimboni nakwezolimo). Izwe ihlukaniswe yaba izifunda kwezomnotho 105.

nokuletha uguquko kwezolimo

kwekuhlela kabusha Khrushchev waqala nezolimo. Kusukela ngo-1953 ukuze uqinise isikhundla kwezomnotho amapulazi collective, ubukhulu intela wezolimo lancipha. Amapulazi abahlinzeke ukubolekisa, kwafika indlela entsha. Phakathi nawo-50s waqala ukuhlanganisa yabo ngokungakhethi - ukuguqulwa ku amapulazi state. Khona-ke sidalwe nemikhandlu kwezomnotho.

Abalimi banikwa ama-passport, saphathwa impesheni.

Ummbila amaqhawe futhi uye waba yingxenye umfanekiso Khrushchev - (! Kuze kube Far North) elandela isibonelo eMelika isiko waqala bephikisa ukuphoqelela yonke indawo, ngisho nasezindaweni lapho ngeke sikhule, isimiso,.

Ngo-1954 kwaqala umkhankaso sokuthuthukiswa emazweni virgin. Kulandelwa ukwanda kokutheleleka kudlange ukuze siyothola isivuno sezenzo okokuqala ephakanyiswe intengo kwempahla kokusanhlamvu Iminyaka yangemva kwempi. Kodwa ukuguguleka komhlabathi intombi zonakale. Nonchernozem isikhungo wafika kumile ephelele.

kwekuhlela kabusha Military Khrushchev sika

Ngemva kokuba amandla, wathatha isiqondiso ukuthi siphakamise wezokuVikela umkhakha esindayo. SA ngoxhaxha ithole zenuzi ezicitshwayo. Ngokusho kokusele amandla ezempi zase-USSR Wafinyelela silinganiso sase-US. Sibheka isiqondiso inqubomgomo ukuthuthukiswa bahlalisane ngokuthula noma zithi sotsstroya ezahlukene.

ukuletha izinguquko emphakathini

Ngemva ukwamukelwa yomthetho ku inkokhelo kwezimpesheni ukuba abalimi, kwanqunywa ukuba uqede ukufundisa Imali e esikoleni esiphakeme, esikoleni eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili iba ayimpoqo. Umi kwezinkambiso isikhathi ukusebenza, ikakhulukazi - amahora angu-6 ukusebenza ngosuku entsheni engu-16.

Ngezenzo ekwandiseni isitokwe izindlu. ukwakhiwa Ezezindlu kusekelwe izindlela ezimbonini. isitokwe izindlu wezwe kunyuke ngo-40% eminyakeni eyisikhombisa! Nokho, ukwakha kwathatha kwenziwe isitayela, okuyinto wehlile emlandweni izinkondlo ngokuthi "hruschoby", kodwa yanyamalala crisis izindlu.

kabusha School kuholele olulodwa esikoleni eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili. Ukuze uthole i-ephelele imfundo yesibili isidingo ukuqhubeka nemfundo yabo esikoleni polytechnic yesibili (esikoleni sokufundela, kusihlwa noma izincwadi esikoleni).

inqubomgomo Khrushchev sangaphandle

ubudlelwane sangaphandle ngalezo zinsuku ithuthukiswe isitayela izinqubomgomo yendabuko amaBolshevik. Isiqondiso eyisisekelo inqubomgomo angaphandle ukuqinisa ezokuphepha yonke imingcele.

oxhumana Ngezenzo kabusha kwamanye amazwe, avele cindezela bese wokubuyekezwa okuvumelekile mayelana kwamanye amazwe. Inwebisa ubudlelwane ukuhweba. Lokhu kufaka inzuzo kithi nakuye, ngoba amazwe aseNtshonalanga ukuthola olubanzi emakethe imikhiqizo yabo.

Kakhulu abathintekayo isimo kwethulwa jikelele we isathelayithi lokuqala yokufakelwa ngo-1957, entsha, isikhala yobudala iqala. Khrushchev, umsekeli the Queen, kusekela umbono lizothola Amerika ukuhlola umkhathi.

Lokhu kushintsha ibhalansi phakathi kwezinto eziza, manje West ubelokhu izinto Soviet ezicitshwayo InterContinental.

Ngo-1961. It senziwa "Berlin Ultimatum," okuyinto Khrushchev yafuna ukwakhiwa kodonga phakathi East and West Berlin. Impendulo omkhulu komphakathi womhlaba wonke. Emva "Berlin crisis" kwaqubuka enye, okuthiwa "Caribbean" noma "missile crisis". Kennedy bazama ukuyibamba Cuba, okuyinto eU.SSR umnotho, futhi manje ngosizo lempi, ekuthumeleni abeluleki ezempi kanye lobuchwepheshe, ezihlukahlukene izikhali. Kubandakanya ezicitshwayo eyasongela US isiteleka. Kennedy yafuna ukuvimbela ukudedelwa imicibisholo eCuba, Khrushchev wathatha lezi zidingo.

I Kennedy kokubulawa kwaholela isidingo ngixhumane uMongameli Johnson. Kodwa uziphakamisile ukumangalela umuntu Khrushchev sika enziwa ukuzikhethela, futhi waxoshwa. It wambulala, zama ukunciphisa izinzuzo kanye namathuba bakahulumeni. Ngaphansi Khrushchev, iSoviet Union iye yasungula uhlelo uhlelo kobushiqela, Nokho, uqinise izisekelo uhlelo zokuphatha-umyalo.