Kokubhikisha kwango Decembrist at iSigele Square

Lo mbhikisho at iSigele Square kwaba umphumela Ukungena besuka eYurophu beya imibono Russian zemfundo. inqubomgomo mva we uhulumeni tsarist kwaqina sekuvele phakathi ingxenye ukucabanga emphakathini ivame ukuba abathanda ifilosofi. Ngemva kwempi ye-1812 emnothweni kazwelonke Russia sasisibi kakhulu. Nokho, uhulumeni ngemva kwempi iminyaka eminingana futhi akazange uhlupho afeze izinguquko ezidingekayo ukuthi kwakuyoba lula iqhaza umphakathi. Ngenxa yalokho, ezweni lonke rose kuvukela yokuzikhethela. Ikakhulukazi ngokuvamile ziba elambile eminyakeni 1820-1822. Isidingo esiyinhloko abalimi kwaba ukuqedwa serfdom - esifuze kwenkathi amakhosi asendulo, sekuyisikhathi eside wanyamalala eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Kube nezinkinga buhlungu ukuya empini. abantu Ikakhulukazi wazonda baba uKhomishana isimo u-Alexander I kule ndawo A. Ukubala Arakcheev. Umsebenzi wakhe ukudalwa okuthiwa nemizana lempi, lapho amasosha ngokwabo kwadingeka ukuba bayosebenza emasimini futhi ukuhlinzeka izidingo zabo siqu, ungakhohlwa mayelana sokuzivivinya lempi, wahlangana ukumelana okushubile kwabaphathi yokugcina. Despotic nokubusa u-Alexander I akuzange kumenze uzwela e izicukuthwane nesandla esivulekile, kanye nenzalo throwers sibheke izibonelo yezinguquko yeningi kanye sesimanje umphakathi eYurophu. Empeleni, kwaba kwamadoda asebukhosini, futhi lalungiselela kwavukelwa at iSigele Square.

imiphakathi eyimfihlo

Phakathi neminyaka eyishumi kwekhulu XIX e imvelo aristocrats ovulekile yesibili ekugcineni kwakheka ukuqonda ukuthi inqubomgomo yamanje mva we uhulumeni tsarist ebambezela ukuthuthukiswa yezwe futhi inikeza lokusalela emuva yayo esuka emazweni eziphambili eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika. Ngo 1816 kwaba khona umphakathi imfihlo yokuqala, ebizwa ngokuthi "ukulondoloza Union." Wawunodonga amalungu angu-30, cishe bonke of them usemncane ibutho izikhulu. Yezinjongo eziyinhloko umphakathi emthethweni baqala ukuqedwa serfdom futhi kokususwa autocracy tsarist kuleli zwe. Nokho, ngemva kweminyaka emibili, kwabozungu abangu wadalula nguhulumeni. Ukulandela izinhlangano ezifanayo abe "Union of Welfare," futhi wabonakala ngenxa yokuhlukanisa yayo "Wik Society" futhi "Northern Society". Lezi amakilabhu imfihlo baye bahlanganyela Izinjongo global, kodwa banemibono engafani zendlela yokufinyelela kubo futhi okwalandela ilungiselelo zokuphatha-indawo futhi zezombusazwe yeRussia. Nokho, ngokufa okuzumayo we autocrat utshelwa kwabozungu ukuba isinqumo ngazwilinye Novemba 1925: kubalulekile ukuba bathathe isinyathelo ngaphandle kokulibala, emuva lé ngawo kulo nyaka - 1825. Lo mbhikisho e iSigele Square yasungulwa ngamasonto amabili nje.

le Icebo lika kuhlulekile

Izifungo entsha Tsar Nicholas ngamiswa ngomhla ka-14 Disemba. Ngosuku olufanayo, lezi zihlubuki esimisiwe kuvukela kwabo ngesikhathi iSigele Square. Izenzakalo main senzeka ekuseni yesifungo wasebukhosini. Amabutho, eholwa izikhulu lokuphikiswa ukuthatha ukulawula senators bese senza isinqumo esikhundleni isifungo sasebukhosini ukumemezela ukuthi uhulumeni tsarist liketulwa. Ngemva kwalokho, kubahlanganyeli kwavukelwa ku iSigele Square babehlele ukumemezela Manifesto esibhekiswe bonke abantu Russian mayelana inguquko kufezeke. Nokho ukuguquguquka banal nokuba manqikanqika kwaholela ekuweni zonke izinhlelo. Ngomzuzu wokugcina, kwaba sobala ukuthi Nicholas mina wayevele ekuseni ukuthatha isifungo iSigele. Isimo ayesengayigcina ugcine isinyathelo esiwujuqu we Decembrists. Nokho, okwamanje belinganisa we umholi oyinhloko lempi kwavukelwa Troubetzkoy babengezi isikwele, kusale abasekeli bakhe ngaphandle ukwesekwa. Lokhu kokungabaza wanika uhulumeni ithuba lokukwazi ukuzibonisa ngokugcwele isimo, kubutsela zamabutho empi, kwabozungu ezungezile aqede ukuvukela ngesikhathi iSigele Square.