Eyokuqala isiphetho empi

Base nemizana lempi lwaluqala iminyaka 1810-12. Khona-ke, esifundazweni Mogilev kaKesari u-Alexander I wazama ukuba axazulule le Ibutho inqolobane elihamba ibutho Eletski. Nokho, ukwenza lokhu inkosi akakwazanga - iphazanyiswe empini.

Isimo somnotho e-Russia emva isinyathelo sezempi sasinzima kakhulu. Le ndawo lapho impi okwenzeka, kwabhujiswa, futhi uhlelo wezwe tetimali ubhekene nenhlekelele ezijulile. Isimo kuleli zwe yafuna isinyathelo esiwujuqu. Ukuhlola isimo, u-Alexander I futhi kwemukelwe ukudalwa nemizana lempi.

Uhlelo olusha Yayihlelelwe ngokuyinhloko ukunciphisa yezindleko zokubhalisa ukuze kugcinwe ibutho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbuzo nokuqedwa abaqashwayo e sokuthula, okubangelwa Ukunganeliseki phezu ingxenye abalimi kanye kulendawo ababekwa abasebenzi sintula. Ngakho, ukuxazulula okungenani ingxenye yenkinga, kwanqunywa ukuba uqale ukwakha nemizana wezempi.

Imibuzo mayelana izinguquko ezintsha zaxazululeka kumbuthano iwumngcingo, ezazihlanganisa-Alexander Okokuqala, futhi Arakcheev, Yermolov, Sambursky futhi Witt. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukwethulwa kohlelo olusha kwenziwa ngokukhethekile izenzo esiwusizo sokuba nezinto eziqondile autocracy. Nokho, akukho ukudla noma imithetho ephathelene isiphetho empi ungenziwanga, futhi uguqule ngokwawo enziwa ngaphandle ingxoxo nge ejenti kahulumeni.

Ngo umkhuba, imizana lempi okwengeziwe ngokugqilaza abalimi. Bakhululwa (ngokomthetho) kusukela serfdom, abakwazanga ukuya emsebenzini, kanye bahlanganyele yezandla noma ukuhweba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalimi, kwakudingeka siphathe isevisi.

Imizana lokuqala lezempi ayehlelwe esifundazweni Novgorod. Kule ndawo sasihlala abalimi isimo. umbusi wabo wayehlela ukuze uthumele abantu bomuzi.

Isifundazwe idume amazwe olimekayo Novgorod, kuthiwa amanzi nokuxhumana ezweni yasungulwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubaluleka okukhulu isananyathiselwe futhi eduze enhlokodolobha. Kunakwe ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi yezakhi zamasu.

nemizana Military kwakheka kulesi sifundazwe Novgorod, baba ngaphansi kokuqondisa Arakcheev.

Ngo-1817, April 18 epherishi Vysotsky waqala ukwakheka Ibutho lokuqala ifake futhi iyunifomu abalimi kanye Grenadier Regiment Bala Arakcheev. Yileyo ndlela wabeka isisekelo sokuba ukuvela nemizana lempi esifundazweni Novgorod.

Ngo idokhumenti zokulawula 1817-18, kodwa inhliziyo yayibukhuni iyawakha. Ngokusekelwe "Ukusungulwa zasemizaneni lempi" Kwamiswa wokuqala aphansi Izilawuli: inkampani kanye namakomidi regimental. Futhi kamuva izidumbu ephakeme waqala ukwakha.

nemizana Military ushintshe yonke isakhiwo kwezomnotho we abalimi. Yiqiniso, kulesi simiso esisha wahlangana ukumelana kwabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalimi zaphucwa uxhumano yabo ngenxa okunamathiselwe ezweni, kwadingeka futhi zihlanganisa amadoda. Uhlelo olusha ngokuqinile lokulawula zonke izici zokuphila.

Izindleko for kumiswa imizana lempi wawunganikezi. Isimo kwabelwe isamba semali esingango-ruble ayizigidi ezingamashumi amahlanu. Ngemva kwalokho Kucatshangwa nezindleko entweni isabelomali. Ukuze imali zomthetho kuhlanganisa nezimali ezivela Cossacks. Kwakuba khona kufihlwe engenayo. Ngokwesibonelo, abalimi khulula, abalimi possessory futhi ethize ebugqilini abaqashwayo uma usukhokhe ruble ezimbili kusukela umphefumulo ukubuthela 500.

Abaphila Besikhathi wayebheka nemizana lempi kuyadida kakhulu. On ukwakheka banombono ongemuhle kuthonywa amaqiniso athile. Ikakhulukazi, abantu besikhathi wathi mayelana Ukuvalwa zasemizaneni, ukuzehlukanisa zabo ezweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalimi, ukukhombisa ukumelana kulesi simiso esisha, abangu ngaphansi sijeziso esinzima.

Nokho, uhlelo olusha futhi kwadingeka abasekeli. Ikakhulukazi, ekuguquleni ukusekelwa etholwe umuntu Jikelele Davydova, Marquis Pau, uMbusi Risch. Phakathi abasekeli nemizana wamabutho kwakuyinto futhi Speransky.