Uyini intela eGibhithe lasendulo? izintela umlando

impucuko waseGibhithe kubhekwa omunye endala kakhulu emhlabeni. Selokhu kwathi nhló okunabileko abacwaningi. Ngaphezu isiko ocebile, impucuko ezindala zaseGibhithe naseSiriya ngokucacile ezahlukene emnothweni. Njengoba omunye izici Kulomkhakha kuthiwa edamu ngesimo okuqinile imali esinqunyiwe kanye nezindleko. Injongo yayo oyinhloko kwaba ukuqinisekisa amapulazi kanye yengcebo namarisidi ungaphazanyiswa. Abacwaningi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kusukela esikhathini khona State kuvela umlando izintela. Esesizokuhlola nokuthi bayifeze kanjani inani.

Uhlolojikelele

izintela Umlando owaqala ngokuvukela ukuhlonza lezinto edamu. Njengoba babenjalo umhlaba, okusanhlamvu kanye neminye imikhiqizo, abasebenzi yesondlo. Into yokulinganisa kwaba ukuqoqwa izintela ngqo. EGibhithe lasendulo ngemva kwezikhukhula njalo olwenziwa wezokwakha. Wawunamabhodi ekuchazweni owandulelayo okusanhlamvu izintela. Abasebenzi eGibhithe lasendulo, uqoqe izintela, kwaba abantu ezibonakalayo wemfanelo. Endabeni ka ukwehluleka ukunikeza omisiwe kuyinsakavukela ejenti wayengase abulawe.

ezimali ubuchwepheshe

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi lentela eGibhithe lasendulo, kufanele uzijwayeze izindlela ezazisetshenziswa ukuqhuba umbiko. Technologies zingafani izinhlobo amarekhodi - ngohlobo umthwalo futhi ubunikazi. Kulo mBhalo, papyrus Kwavezwa ukuthi izwe abahlala kulo linjani ezitshalwa umuntu othile (ukulingana ubani,), it siqukethe:

1. usayizi Sakhiwo.
2. Kwezinkambiso per unit endaweni.
3. Inani yokufuna imali.

Zonke izibalo e-papyrus kuboniswa inki abomvu. Okunye okufakiwe ezihlobene nezinye izinhlobo ubunikazi. Baqala ngamazwi athi "ingxenye, yabelana". Lezi okufakiwe aqukethe amadijithi angu-3 Izinombolo. Esokuqala kwaba abamnyama, elinye - abomvu:

1. Usayizi ingqikithi ingxenye.
2. Ingxenye intela.
3. kwesilinganiso sentela.

Lesi sakamuva kwaba unomphela futhi fixed kanye kwaba 12/4 namaseya amahlanu okusanhlamvu. Kwakukhona enye inguqulo zezindlela zokugcina amarekhodi. Bona lalinabashumayeli 2 black izibalo. Kulokhu, nesilinganiso kwenziwa ezindaweni izindololwane (yezinye amarekhodi - e Arur). Imithombo esekhona abacwaningi okunzima ukuyiqonda kahle okuqukethwe amarekhodi. Nokho, ziyisici evamile ibonisa ukuthi iphesenti ezithile ezweni kubhekwa uncultivated ngakhoke kuncike intela cha.

Ngokucacile inventories

Icacisa ukuthi intela eGibhithe lasendulo, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi ukugcinwa irekhodi ubuchwepheshe kanye ukuhlonza izinkomba kwakuxhomeke ketshezi kwezomnotho izinto. Ngenxa yokuthi izinto ezihlukahlukene ezazibalulwa yokusungula ofanayo papyrus kwakukhona zonke izinhlobo yokubhalisa. Ngokusho nocwaningo lwanamuhla, kwakunokwenzeka ukugcina amarejista eceleni, kuye ngohlobo kwerekhodi. Nokho, kusukela le ndlela asisetshenzisiwe, abacwaningi baphetha ngokuthi eyamsiza lokulawula kwezomnotho kwenziwa. izinto wakhe endaweni lokuqala okwakukhona kulo umhlaba kanye nabantu abakubangelayo.

Ubani e Ancient Egypt ayekhokha izintela?

Lokhu kwenziwa abazimele. Labo abantu balashelwe nge umhlabathi olimekayo, zazihlale ziqashwe. Nabo, futhi, ukubamba izintela. Nokho, lokhu okwenzeka ngo kohlaka multi-level uhlelo lokulawula kwezomnotho. Abalimi musa empeleni ukuthi yini intela. EGibhithe lasendulo, isivuno isuswe kungakapheli inyanga ngaphansi ebhekiwe kwabahloli. Khona-ke lonke, lilonke, alilahle ithemba amasheya. Ngemva kwalokho, isivuno ngokweqile (lemali idlula izinga kwezidingo) wabuyela abalimi. Inani layo luncike usayizi wendawo ngayo. Kule ndaba, abalimi ukuba sibe khona wezokwakha futhi efunga isifungo ukuthi nesilinganiso senziwa kuyiqiniso. Grain uthuthwa endaweni emaphakathi. Ngemva kwalokho-ke ukusabalala emapulazini ukuthi abangu eyayithengwe lasendulo uFaro waseGibhithe kanye. Isigaba ngasinye, yebo, kunakwe ngabantu wemfanelo futhi elawulwa. ukusatshalaliswa kohlelo sihlelelwe lokufeza ukuqinisekiswa, amadokhumenti, ephakeme yokuqinisekisa mutual. Zonke amacala imithetho okuzenzakalelayo ngokushesha zalotshwa kuma-papyrus.

imfuyo

Ukuchaza ukuthi intela enjalo eGibhithe lasendulo, akunakwenzeka ukuba akhulume nomunye izinto ezibonakalayo ezibaluleke - izinkomo. Wemithombo lokusinda engacacile, kungakhathaliseki ngaphansi edamu udoti, kodwa inani wezolimo izilwane ngokuvamile kuleli zwe kwenziwa njalo eminyakeni 2. Izinkomo-kufaneleka indawo lapho ukubala. Lapho, ngenjongo intela uphawu izilwane. ukwehlukana nezinkomo kwaphawuleka kule akhawunti kuye ngenhloso zinhlobo, ubudala, ukukhiqizwa. Ngokwe ezikhona kwakhiwa izinhlu ahlanganisiwe.

yokubala abantu impahla

It kwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukubalwa kwabantu kuka kwakubaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni control. Ngakho-ke, kwezinye amadokhumenti, buchaza usuku, wabhekisa kulo. Ngokwesibonelo, lenzani Ngokucabangela umbhalo onjalo: ". Ngemva konyaka lwesikhombisa nokubala amasimu igolide" uhlu intela yempahla ongumlimi abangu ebonisa Holdings imfuyo, lihlala, kanye nale intela izindawo. Izintela nabizelwa zabasebenzi. Inventory ka izintela eziqoqiwe endaweni kwakhiwa, ngokuvumelana abacwaningi, imodeli okufakiwe ayofuna ukudla okusanhlamvu. Esikhathini esifanayo yakwelinye izwe uthi, futhi izikweletu womuntu ukuthi ephethwe izinto. Ngezikhathi eyenziwa ukuqoqa isikweletu. Ukuze ukuthi izikhulu waya nge ihlukane onogada futhi okwalapha asebenzelana ngayo abakweletayo.

Ukubalwa kwabantu kuka labantu

It kwenziwa yonke iminyaka engu-15. Uhlu luqukethe isigaba sabantu, kanye nempahla yabo. ukunakekelwa Elikhulu eyabangela abantu abasebenzayo. Zabangelwa ukubhaliswa kwabantu endaweni yabo yomsebenzi. Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we isethi oshona izibambiso bobukhosi Management Bureau. Ngemva kwalokho wenza abasebenzi party ababonisi. Ngaphakathi accordance nga lo mbhalo, oda udaba Yokuqashwa. Sicabangela amakhanda kwabantu. Amarekhodi Inventory kwabasebenzi kulekelelwa ukufaka nokusebenzisa ubudlova. Ukuze lokhu uhlu lwamagama. Baye ezenzelwe izizathu azikaze zibe khona. Njengoba izaba neyaziwayo rites emathempelini, isisebenzi ukugula noma umndeni wakhe, kanye bite emqosela umuntu.

izinhlobo izintela

Ancient Faro yemukele kumiswa ubudlelwane kwezomnotho esekelwe ophoqelelwe yezigqila nabanikazi bemihlaba khulula. Izintela kwaba omningi:

• Apomoyra - deposit imali futhi hlobo (zaba 1/6 yokuvuna).
• Tax amagilebhisi.
• 5% we iholo kusukela sokuqasha isakhiwo.
• 10% yezindleko imikhiqizo yokuthengisa.
• 2% ku emakethe ukuthengiselana (ukuthekelisa / ukungenisa kwezimpahla kanye).
• Apostolion - intela travel ngaphakathi ezweni.

Kugcine ekhokhwa amatilosi, izinduna, ababazi kanye nabanye abantu abadlulayo. eziqhutshwa Futhi intela ekhethekile ekudluliseni ehlane, kubutsela kokuqukethwe ngoxhaxha, odokotela, izindlu zokugeza, amaphoyisa, uhulumeni wasekhaya kanye nokunye.

okunguye yedwa

Kwakumelwe evame kakhulu eGibhithe lasendulo. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, eziqhutshwa okunguye yedwa:

• ukukhiqizwa futhi izinto zokusetshenziswa (nsimbi, yefilakisi);
• ukukhiqizwa (Ukukhululwa-papyrus, uwoyela);
• ukwelashwa (ukungena);
• ezezimali (amabhange).

Isetshenziswa futhi ziphoqelelwe esinakho. khona wabo ngoba abanikazi dolobha musa ugijimele ukuba ukutshala ngenxa izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu. Njengoba esinakho izinhlobo wenziwa isihe. Naye wanikelwa ophoqelelwe. essence yayo itholakala iqiniso ukuthi izimali eqoqwe kusukela bentela ethunyelwe yengcebo. abalimi Tax wathola imikhiqizo, ihlelwe ukucubungula kwabo, abaphatha, zingase zidlulisele ngazo, anikele kubathengi bese uzithola imali flat.

umhlaba

Ngoba wenzile umsebenzi ngazo zonke izikhathi, into eyinhloko intela. Okusanhlamvu wayeba njengompristi umkhiqizo eziyinhloko ezithunyelwa kwamanye. Umnikazi izwe ufaro waseGibithe lasendulo. Nokho, kungaba wesakhiwo adluliselwe ku kwelifa loonyana abalimi, izicukuthwane, amathempeli. Ukwelapha eyenziwa izingxenye siyizigqila noma abalimi efanayo. La ma-papyrus ukwethula ezweni enemininingwane ngezigaba ngokusho criteria ahlukahlukene:

• Izintela.
• Izitshalo.
• I degree of wokunisela.
• Order.
• Ubunikazi.
• Ikhwalithi.

Izindawo kungenzeka idluliselwe kusuka isigaba eyodwa kuya kwenye. Le nqubo ibizwa ngempela ilungiswe imibhalo. Ukufaneleka isivuno Wahlolwa umsebenzi okhethekile ngokuvumelana ingxenye nesilinganiso. Liphinde elondolozwe ku umbhalo oseceleni ngezimpawu. Benziwe amakhophi amabili. Kwamanye imikhakha izintela labantu kungukuthi kwethulwa. Ikakhulukazi, zingabantu amajaji ekhululiwe kanye onobhala.