December 31, 1994, i-Storming ka Grozny. Eyokuqala Chechen impi

Namuhla sikhuluma yesehlakalo esibuhlungu, okuyinto kwaphawulwa ngowokuqala Chechen impi (iminyaka - 1994 (Disemba) - 1996 (Agasti)). ukutshela kafushane Okokuqala ngomlando le mpi.

Ngokwe-Interior yezwe, e Chechnya e 1994-95. sabulala abantu abangaba izinkulungwane 26 :. 2000 wabo - amasosha Russian, mayelana 10-15 ayizinkulungwane - nokuzidela, kanti bonke abanye - abazihlelele .. Nokho, Jikelele Alexander Lebed wanikeza ukuhlolwa ezahlukene. Ngokusho kwakhe, lo ukulahlekelwa okukhulu waletha impi e Chechnya. Iminyaka zaziphawuleka ngokungabi abalimala wakhe omkhulu sokuya empini - abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingu 70-80 efile .. Ukulahlekelwa phakathi kwababusi amasosha kahulumeni safinyelela izinkulungwane zabantu 6-7.

Chechnya is ziphuma endleleni Russia

umugqa ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union sika 1980-1990 kwaphawulwa okuthiwa "umbukiso we sovereignties". Lokhu kwakusho ukuthi republic eSoviet abasemazingeni ahlukahlukene (njengoba SSR futhi USSR) wathatha omunye ngokudedelana isimemezelo yobukhosi. Ngo-1990, June 12, ngesikhathi Congress yokuqala kazwelonke of amaphini Yabantu yokutholwa Simemetelo State Ubukhosi we RSFSR.

Ngo Grozny ngoNovemba 23-25 kulo nyaka Chechen National Congress aphethwe. Wakhethwa ukuba Executive Committee, kamuva ibe NCCP. uSihlalo walo kwaba Dzhokhar Dudayev, uMajor General. I Congress bamukela isimemezelo ku ukwakheka Chechen Republic Nokhchi-Cho. Ngo-July 1991, ngesikhathi Okwesibili Congress NCCP, kwanqunywa ukuba beyikhipha kusukela RSFSR futhi i-USSR.

Dudayev abe ngumengameli, le ukudabuka of elala Russian Federation

Novemba 1, 1991 Dudayev akhethelwe ukuba nguMengameli we Chechnya. Novemba 10 Executive Committee of the NCCP uye banquma ukuhlukana elala isimo Russian. On endaweni Chechen Republic kusukela ngoNovemba 1991 waqala ekuthumbeni abantu impahla Dudayev futhi yezikhali amabutho yangaphakathi kanye emabuthweni ahlomile, amadolobha lempi. Novemba 27 uMongameli ngemvume isimemezelo ku ukusungulwa imishini futhi ukwakhiwa kwezikhali amayunithi lempi okwakusemhlabathini indawo ye-republic. Nokho, nawo wonke amaviyo sikahulumeni e Chechnya kwesokunxele 8 Novemba ngonyaka olandelayo, washiya inqwaba izikhali, imishini kanye nezinhlamvu.

Isimo esifundeni buye badlondlobala futhi ekwindla ka-1992, ngenkathi kwenzeka ukungqubuzana Ossetic-ingush ku Prigorodny wesifunda. Dudayev limenyezelwe ukungathathi hlangothi isimo, kodwa amasosha Russian ngesikhathi exacerbation kokungqubuzana langena insimu yalo.

Okwenzeka ngo-September - Disemba 1994

Kusukela ngo-September 1994, kwakunoFakazi ubutha asebenzayo Chechnya. Amabutho eliphikisayo, ngokukhethekile, eyenziwa nokubhonywa izindawo ezempi. Dudayev ukuba ngimbuze nabezempi lawa abehlome ngezibhamu ukuhlaselwa izindiza Su-24 futhi Mi-24 indiza kungekho mshini.

Novemba 30, 1994 Boris Yeltsin ngemvume isimemezelo № 2137s, ezazihlanganisa nokuqedwa amayunithi kuhlonyiwe Chechnya. Ngokusho kwakhe, ngo-December 1, kufanele bafeze imisebenzi okuhloswe ngaso ekubuyiseleni umthetho futhi semthethweni womthethosisekelo Chechen Republic, ukuqala amabutho ekucwileni, afeze izingxoxo ukuxazulula ngokuthula lo izimpi ezilwiwa ngezikhali.

Disemba 11, 1994, uMongameli Russian wenza isikhalazo ukuze abaseRussia, lapho ethi izwe kufanele ukuxazulula inkinga Chechnya - omunye izikhonzi zawo, ukuze azivikele Abashisekeli ahlomile izakhamuzi zawo. Ngosuku olufanayo igunyaza isimemezelo, ngesikhathi esifanayo amabutho Russian waya zuku. Umgomo wabo kwakuwukukhuthaza Chechnya, Storming ka Grozny. Phakathi no-December, izibhelu; Grozny, kusukela 18, bekulokhu kuncike uthuthumele okuphindaphindiwe.

26 kuZibandlela ngonyaka ofanayo kwaqhunyiswa amabhomu elise izindawo zasemaphandleni.

Storming okusha ka Grozny

Ngobusuku buka-December 31, 1994 kuya ku-January 1, 1995 senzeka lokushaya kaNcibijane. Ibutho Russian ngalobo busuku balahlekelwa esinzima kakhulu, ebaluleke kunayoyonke kusukela eMkhandlwini Wesibili neMpi Yezwe. Ukufa inombolo Maikop ezinezinjini Brigade 131 isibe omunye iziqephu ebanga usizi kunazo zonke e lokushaya. Namanje izinganekwane eziningi kuqhubeka lezi zenzakalo.

Ukuthatha esigodlweni uMongameli Dzhokhar Dudayev baba umsebenzi oyinhloko isiphepho siyeza. Ukugcwaliseka iqembu layo igunyazwe "North". K. B. Pulikovsky esibonise wakhona. Kuyini ezithakazelisayo wukuthi isibalo zezinhlamvu ukuthi ubuyingxenye yaleli qembu, akunjalo ncamashi ezaziwayo. Itholakala kuphela idatha esemthethweni engase kuhluke ngendlela enkulu qiniso. Ngokusho kwabo, ingxenye yeqembu "North" kwaba kubantu 4097, 211 elihamba lokulwa izimoto, 82 amathangi, 64 izigqulo nezibhamu.

izinhlelo umyalo

Disemba 30, 1994 kwaba nomhlangano. Wathola yonke imisebenzi lokushaya. Ekuseni ngo-December 31 lamabutho kwadingeka ukuya airfield ubudala futhi kukhona ukuba ahlele amabutho. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we ibutho wama-81 kwaba wasithatha empambana Khmelnitsky-Mayakovsky. Bese iyunithi kufanele ivinjelwe isakhiwo, okuyinto kwaku ekomidini Republican, ngemva kwalokho lo muzi athathe esiteshini. inombolo Polk 276 Kwakudingeka sizinike tindlelanchubo Yegetsemani futhi kukhona silindele oda eminye.

Kuvele ushintsho olungalindelekile ekuphileni kwethu

Kufanele kuqashelwe, ukuthi kwenzeka ngo-December 31, 1994 Storming ka Grozny Kwangimangaza lokho wonke umuntu. Replenishment nezempi kanye abantu baye benza, akubona bonke kwezinhloko zamaviyo wayengazange Sasebenza kahle ndawonye. Ilungu le-Storming ka Grozny Sivko Vyacheslav, owayala Battalion 237th, ukukhumbula lezi zenzakalo, wathi ukuthi iphutha yokhiye ukuntuleka Uma ehlela kahle, nokuxhumana izingxenye.

Nokho, ama-oda zaziwa kungukuthi kuxoxwa. Ekuseni ngo-December 31, 1994 Storming ka Grozny wethulwa. Ingxenye waya umsebenzi. Kakade ngawo-empambana 11am ka Mayakovsky-Khmelnytsky yena lathunjwa. Nokho, 2nd Battalion we engapheli abacishi bomlilo ayikwazanga wafohla ipulazi "Rodina". Pulikovskiy yamyala ukuba ngibuyele emuva ngingahambi. Lapha 2nd Battalion wawafeza kweminye imisebenzi.

Imicimbi eduze esiteshini sesitimela

131 Brigade ngesikhathi esifanayo imisebenzi yabo ukulwa kuyenziwa ngokuthatha isikhundla kwi emaphethelweni omuzi, phezu airfield ubudala. Wabe ukwakhiwa izinqaba. Kodwa kungazelelwe wathuthela off, ngoba omunye Ibutho baqala ukuthuthela ebheke esiteshini sesitimela, kanye nezinye waya eceleni emakethe. Isikwele Ordzhonikidze waya ibutho. Akusalanga ukumboza inkampani eyodwa. Yaroslavl, ibutho umlawuli, emva kwesikhashana induna abasebenzi ngaphambilini esiteshini ukuze ahole lonke uyasinda Ukwakheka yokuhlabelela. Ngenkathi ibutho lase liqala nje ukuthuthela pl. Ordjonikidze, amakholomu ngaphambi iqembu lakhe № zikagesi 131, lesi sikhathi ukuze ulandele esiteshini. Ngakho, cishe ngasikhathi sinye beza kuye futhi iqembu, futhi ibutho. I last ukuzivikela ihlelwe esiteshini sesitimela, kanye Ibutho lokuqala matasa esiteshini ngqo. Ngazama ukuya lapha kanye Ibutho ngokwesibili, kodwa uhlaselwe ngoshayasibhamu futhi baphoqwa ukuba bahlale kwesiteshi sesitimela.

Ngemva ibutho kanye lamabutho ihlelwe ukuzivikela esiteshini, behlaselwa ibutho elikhulu mbuso. Kuze ukuhoxiswa ukwahlukana baqhubeka izibhelu. ingxenye imishini labhujiswa, kanti bonke abanye - lilimele. Nokho, amadoda alwa kuya izinhlamvu zokugcina. Okokuqala, ukulahlekelwa zisezincane. Nokho, yinto eyisigubhukane saqala ukwehla ngokushesha ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi phesheya akazange sifeze umsebenzi wabo, ayikwazanga singene maphakathi.

Ukuvimba amabutho Russian maphakathi Grozny

Mayelana 14 amahora 31 Disemba 1994 Storming ka Grozny linwetshelwe ngemicimbi entsha. Ukubuthelela "North-East" weza kwebhuloho yonkana Sunzha, etholakala maphakathi nedolobha. Ngo Grozny agubha njengemifula kalula amabutho "East" futhi "West". Abazange wahlangana ukumelana ngaphambi emini. Bese waqala ...

Kusukela izitezi zezakhiwo kanye ezindlini ku ikholomu izimoto armored Russian uqale ukucindezela emigwaqweni emincane, hit izibhamu futhi amabhomu iziqhumane. Oshayasibhamu zalwa njengama- uma zezifundiswa lempi abakufundile, kunokuba ojenene Russian. Okokuqala ashisiwe nokuvala ikhanda umshini. Abanye badutshulwe, ngaphandle ishesha. Ngu-18 ezimpondweni eduze Lenin Ipaki 693rd ezinezinjini kuqhuma Regiment we "West" ngangiphakathi kwabantu. On the elisemaphethelweni aseningizimu umlilo esindayo imise Parachute Regiment 21 Airborne Brigade kanye Division 76th. 3.5 th. Fighters ngezinqola zempi amahlanu bese kwetfulwa kuhlwe ngokuzumayo ehlaselwa emi amakholomu endaweni w / esiteshini 131 lamabutho no-81 imizuzu ibutho. Ndawonye ngezinqola zempi ezimbili bakwazile ukusinda, izinsalela lezi izingxenye phakathi kobusuku waqala ashona, kodwa sebephila futhi wabhubhisa cishe ngokuphelele. Abantu abaningi belukhumbula kwalolu suku - 31 December 1994. Storming ka Grozny alethwe abalimala esindayo phakathi kokubili amasosha nezakhamuzi.

Imicimbi 1-2 Januwari 1995

Januwari 1 umyalo usuku lonke ezama ukusiza amaqembu ngaphandle kwegazi "North-East" futhi "North", ivinjiwe maphakathi Grozny. Kodwa kwaba nhlanga zimuka nomoya. amabutho Kuthunyelwe wangisiza we Chechens kwenza kwaba lula ukuhambisa kuphela imizila zangaphambi ababonayo. Bona waphakamisela esingu kwezinhloko zamaviyo. Januwari 2 cindezela inkonzo uhulumeni isiRashiya bathi maphakathi Grozny lilawulwa federal ivimbe isigodlo sikamongameli.

Imiphumela lo mkhankaso ngowezi-Chechnya

Leso sichotho sashiya kukhalwa lokuqala Grozny akazange fikisa ahlula. Kwaphela isikhathi eside bamelana amasosha. Kuze 31 Agasti 1996 impi yaqhubeka. Ayethelekela ka Grozny lokho kwakumane kuyisiqalo impi entsha. Le mpi yenziwa ephelezelwa izenzo zobuphekula eyenziwa ngaphandle Chechnya (Kizlyar, Budennovsk).

Waba yini umphumela wesibindi umkhankaso baba isivumelwano Khasavyurt, ngemvume Agasti 31, 1996. Kusukela side Russian besayina Alexander Lebedev, uNobhala uMkhandlu wezokuPhepha wezwe lakithi, nangesandla Chechen fighters - induna abasebenzi Aslan Maskhadov. Imiphumela yalezi zivumelwano, kwanqunywa izincwadi zabo kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi "isimo elihlehlisiwe". Lokhu kwakusho ukuthi kuze 31 kwadingeka Disemba 2001 luxazululwe udaba isimo Chechnya sika.