Praetor Roman - kuba ... Iyini pretorskoe kwesokudla

UMbuso WaseRoma phakathi namakhulu eminyaka ukhona, idale hhayi kuphela isiko enkulu futhi wezempi onamandla, kodwa futhi uhlaka olucacile ngoba ubudlelwano obusemthethweni phakathi isimo futhi izakhamuzi. Okunengi impumelelo Roman emikhakheni ehlukahlukene iye waboleka elandelwa abantu baseYurophu, futhi kanye namagama. Nokho, abanye esiRoma ungazange benendawo isiko European ahlale emlandweni. Ngokwesibonelo, bambalwa kakhulu abantu namuhla ukwazi ukuthi ePitoli. Futhi ngaleso sikhathi umuntu enaleyo lokhu okuthunyelwe, yena wadlala indima enkulu kuleli zomthetho yombuso wamaRoma.

Praetor Roman - ngubani?

Nge lesiLatin elithi praetor elihunyushwe ngokuthi "qhubeka." Praetor wabizwa ngokuthi ngaphansi koMbuso WamaRoma izikhulu zikahulumeni, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ezahlukene, imisebenzi ehlukene aye abelwa kubo.

Uma ekuqaleni esimweni waseRoma kwakuyiyona praetor eyodwa kuphela, bese emva kwesikhashana lapho kakade kwase nedlanzana ezimbalwa.

Ubani ongaba Praetor

Kusukela kwamiswa lesi sikhundla ke angasho iyiphi saseRoma ngokuphelele. Nokho, kwakukhona izimo kubalulekile isicelo ngasinye. Njengoba Pretoria - lena isikhundla okuqinile futhi wemfanelo, ke abakwazanga ukubamba umuntu omusha ongenayo ngokwanele nakho ekuphileni. Ngakho-ke, ikhandidethi kumele abe phakathi kweminyaka engu-amane nangaphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthatha post ka praetor, kwakudingekile ukuba siqhubekele phambili kuwo wonke amazinga izinyathelo bureaucratic Roman ukuze.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, ngisho ekufezeni endaweni Praetor, indoda labetibambile kuphela unyaka owodwa. Yiqiniso, kungenzeka ukuba aphinde aqokelwe ukuba athathe ihlandla lesibili, kodwa lokhu kwakuyosho kufanele enze kahle phakathi nonyaka walo wokuqala.

I bamabutho Roman, efana ezinye izikhulu angazange anikwe inkokhelo ngomsebenzi wabo, nikwenza ukuzuzisa umphakathi ngokuphelele mahhala. Ngakho-ke ukuzikhokhela esiphehla ngonyaka ongawamukeli imali Roma abacebile kuphela wayegila. Nakuba bamabutho wayevame ukusebenzisa lolu amandla ukuvikela izithakazelo zabo.

Indaba isigodlo abese umsebenzi wabo ngesikhathi ezahlukene

Ngemva kokumiswa uhlelo republic eRoma usezuze kunencazelo ukuhluka elithi "Praetor". Ingabe igama emibili izikhundla eziphezulu kakhulu isimo: inxusa futhi umashiqela.

Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ophakeme okuthunyelwe bureaucratic eRoma awuthwala igama inxusa kanye praetor wabizwa ngokuthi alandelayo eliphakeme isikhundla. Kule nkathi kwadingeka a yemfanelo pretty kucacile ePitoli. Lokhu ukulawula lwebulungisa emacaleni phakathi kwezakhamizi zonke eMbusweni WaseRoma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho inxusa esahambile, imisebenzi yakhe kuleli zwe futhi abaphathi idolobha ukusebenzisa Praetor, aze acishe abe umuntu wokuqala isimo.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nge ngcono isimiso sokwahlulela sadingeka ukukhetha ezimbili ePitoli. Omunye wabo kwakungu-ophethe lwebulungisa eRoma phakathi izakhamuzi zawo, wabizwa ngokuthi Urbanu praetor. A zamakhono yesibili (praetor peregrinus) kufakwe phakathi abezinye izizwe ukulawula kwamacala zoMbuso WaseRoma Roma futhi abangabazi.

Kusukela ekuqaleni ukunqoba asebenzayo ongumRoma emasimini amasha futhi ukuvela yesifundazwe mass imithetho ngamunye kubo abathi ubunikazi ePitoli. Ngakho phakathi umbusi wokuqala wamaRoma noGayu Yuliya Tsezarya eRoma, kwaba kakhulu ngendlela 16 bamabutho kanye nenombolo yabo ekhulayo.

Njengoba sekunama-abaBusi kanye nokulahlekelwa isimo republic, umbuthano bamabutho enwetshiwe yemfanelo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwaba okuthunyelwe phezulu olusemthethweni edolobheni okubi okwakugcwele eMbusweni WaseRoma ngamunye.

bamabutho kwesokudla

Wasephakamisa imisebenzi yakhe, ePitoli eshicilelwe izimemezelo, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi mithetho esiwunyaka owodwa. Basuke hhayi kuphela yakhiwa yayo Uhlelo umsebenzi kanye nezimiso ngalo oyokwenziwa unyaka wonke (edictum perpetuum), kodwana waveza indlela yokuxazulula umbango endabeni ethile (edictum repentinum). Kule minyaka edlule inani izimemezelo ezikhulayo ezimathonsi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngamunye Praetor esisha esasinalo ngempela ukuba bajwayelane izimemezelo of kokumethemba futhi ikhumbula yabo, ukwenza siqu. It bamabutho izimemezelo babe pretorskoe kwesokudla.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imithetho enjalo ezinqwabelene eziningi. Ezinye zazo kungqubuzane. Ngakho-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi baba ayeqoqwa bese ibuyekezwa ummeli Roman ngegama Saviliy Yulian.

bamabutho namuhla

Namuhla, igama elithi elahlekile nencazelo yalo "Praetor". Kodwa ngenkathi kwamanye amazwe kusenzima efanele. ERomania, inhloko Plaza (kweyunithi zokuphatha ezifana esifundeni) - ePitoli. Leli gama liyasetshenziswa njengoba isihloko kuvakashe ummeleli wendlunkulu ngesilinganiso (imeya) eMoldova.

Kusukela kokuwa koMbuso WamaRoma, kwathatha iminyaka ambalwa. Kanye kwahamba lwanyamalala futhi praetorship. Futhi nakuba namuhla emazweni athile ezinye izikhala izikhulu zibizwa futhi ngokuthi, zinemisebenzi eyahlukene zibuye kakhulu. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, Pretoria enza khona umnikelo eside ekwakhekeni eyaziwa njengembudane kithi namuhla, isimiso somthetho.