Visimsky Reserve (Sverdlovsk esifundeni)

Visimsky Reserve (Sverdlovsk esifundeni) yasungulwa ngo-1946. Kodwa ngemva kwesikhashana - ngo-1951 - wavalwa. iminyaka engu-20 kamuva (1971) Visimsky reserve lavulwa ku endaweni ezingaphezu kuka 9500 amahektha. Ngemva kwenkathi ethile kwemingcele yayo baba ebanzi.

Uhlolojikelele

Le ndawo kulendawo yemvelo namhlanje - ezingaphezu kuka-13 500 amahektha. A ingxenye enkulu esiqiwini imvelo itholakala esifundeni esise-Ural Ephakathi ku sifinyelela ongenhla emfuleni Sulem. Ezinye izindaba zika-insimu usesikhundleni encane emfudlaneni yizimbaxa Vogulka. Ngakho, Visimsky Reserve yiyo uhlobo umngcele phakathi izindawo eYurophu nase-Asia. Ngo-2001, endaweni evikelwe wathola isimo inqolobane uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli. Bezindlu Central sise p. n. Visim. Kuyinto isikhungo lasendulo Metallurgical futhi kudabuka khona umbhali odumile D. N. Mamina-Sibiryak.

Injongo ekudalweni

Kwesisekelo eziyisisekelo base reserve esethatha isinyathelo ukuze balondoloze futhi ukutadisha eziyinkimbinkimbi bemvelo Sredneuralskaya entabeni ehlathini. . Ngo "Imithetho phezu koMbuso Reserve Visim" wasisho ngokucacile imigomo esemqoka kanye nezinhloso kule nsimu:

1. Ukuqala kokusetshenziswa the umsebenzi ukuphepha ezabelweni nazo zonke Positioning into, kanye ukugcinwa nokuvikelwa umbuso.
2. Umsebenzi olunzulu ekutadisheni lasendulo biogeotsenologicheskomu ihlathi nakangaka Ephakathi Urals.
3. Ukuphenywa ukuthuthukiswa ashukumisayo zezinqubo ezingokwemvelo ahlukahlukene esuselwe biotsenozov ezingeni.
4. ukuqaphela Environmental phakathi kwabantu, kanye nokuvikelwa kanye nokusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwemithombo yemvelo iyatholakala.
5. Usizo kulungiselelwa abacwaningi oqeqeshiwe.

Border nendawo

Nature Area lisho ukuhlanzwa-izikhombo ezine ngesimo zezinsika, izaziso. Ngqo uqobo ubude umngcele kuyinto km 60 kude. Ngo-1973 Visimsky reserve endaweni usebhekene izinguquko ezithile ngenxa okuyinto liye lakhuphuka lafika ku-3767 amahektha for ukulondolozwa nokutadisha bakudala afanayo fir nesihlahla sonwele emfuleni engenhla. Sulom futhi endaweni ongumlando yokhalo. Ngandlela-thile kamuva, ngokuhambisana izithakazelo yamanzi Kirovgrad endaweni ngempela ebalulekile (400 hectares) wayiswa izikhukhula kwesigubhu Sulomskogo. Le ndawo u ogxile emelelwa ekutshaleni melkotravnymi hvoschovymi nezindawo exhaphozini Pihto-sonwele kanye birch ubude-aconitic. Ngesikhathi esifanayo njengoba isinxephezelo Visimsky Biosphere Reserve lithole kusukela amahektha amaHlathi Nevyansky 400 engxenyeni enkulu yomdabu, kuyilapho kulondolozwa kakhulu, Fern-ubude intombi fir-sonwele.

Ukuvikelwa umbuso

Indawo eseduze naleli inqolobane zone ukuphepha yisici 66 100 amahektha, okungukuthi izikhathi 5 mkhulu kunezinhliziyo endaweni esiqiwini uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli. On endaweni indawo yemvelo kokuvinjelwa ngokudoba, ukuzingela kanye ethile ukuphathwa ehlathini, okungukuthi, emsebenzini isilinganiso esezingeni umbuso Ukuvikelwa. Zibalulekile ikakhulukazi ukusebenza evamile ezincelisayo ezinkulu nezincane, ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo edinga isikhala kahle esikhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekupheleni kuka-December 1983, ezinye imikhawulo emisha ku egawula e ezivikelekile umbuso kwangena ayetholakala ezindaweni endaweni yonke Sulomskogo kwesigubhu umcengezi. Lokhu kubalulekile ikakhulukazi Medvezhka River. Kugeleza insimu yonke esiqiwini uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli. Zonke ezinye imifula kanye amadamu akhiwe ngaphandle, futhi kwamachibi abo kuze kube manje bakhonza njengendikimba eluhlaza impahla elisekela wasehlathini amapulazi.

ezikhumbuzo yemvelo

Ngo Visim reserve, ngaphezu namathafa zemvelo eziyingqayizivele, kukhona nezakhiwo eziningana zemvelo. Ngaphezu kokuba manje, ekutholakaleni izikhumbuzo kuhlelwe "Intaba Crimson" futhi "Crane ixhaphozi." Visimsky Reserve ezikhangayo okuyinto anikezwa kuyo yonke insimu, kuhlanganisa izinto ezifana "ihlathi sasendulo eduze nedolobhana. Esibanzi Ghalashki", "Itshe ubudala", "itshe zikaphayini amahlathi emfuleni. Notihe", "Nude ku p. Sulom" " itshe. "

nezilwane

inqolobane Visimsky, lapho izilwane lingama abamele indawo ehlathini, indawo eyingqayizivele ngempela. Ensimini ka ukhululekile kakhulu ukuzizwa izimbila onogwaja, amaphiva, izimpungushe, Martens, izingwejeje namabhere ensundu. I ithule cwaka futhi inokuthula indawo eduze komfula, ungakwazi kalula uthole Otter futhi impisi noma ama-lynx. Baziwa afeze umsebenzi ihlathi orderlies. Okwamanje, Biosphere Reserve isebenza ukuhlanganisa inani ezincelisayo kanye olwenzeka endaweni eyinhloko. Phakathi izinyoni esiqiwini Visim grouse wayevame ukubhekana, capercaillie, grouse emnyama kanye inqwaba songbirds. Isikhathi lokushutheka emahlathini ukukhanya okuxubile uhlobo lezihlahla wabonisa isibalo esikhulu sezinto izinyoni yokwakha isidleke. Ezindaweni eziningi abantu bavame Finch oluhlaza futhi warbler. Ngemva umsebenzi yokusungula eziye zembulwa ngempela inqwaba amalungu amasha emhlabeni ezilwaneni, njengenyama beaver European, mink, inhloli futhi yasendle ethafeni, kanye eziningana uhlobo olusha shrews.

Izinhlobo ezinkulu umdlalo ezincelisayo

Ngenxa acclimatization ku Shali wesifunda, owawusedolobheni 1975, inani beaver afeza European ikhuphuke kakhulu, futhi 70s yaphakathi. imiphakathi yabo abangu ngokushesha ukungena k. Sulom, ie ngqo uqobo Visimsky Reserve. Ngo-1979, ngemva kokubhaliswa, 7 nemizana sesilwane watholakala elinabantu abangaba ngu-25 abamele. Marten ukhetha ukuphila ekhoneni esekusithekeni of esiqiwini, ngokuvamile ezindaweni ihlathi akude, amandla ayo akuyona ezingaphezu kuka 20-25 ngabanye. Lusk, esikhundleni salokho, ukuyohlala izindawo evulekile ngaphezulu - zezikhotha futhi eqothula onqenqemeni ehlathini. Ngenxa yalokho, Ermine ukhetha indunduma enamadwala nemfundo, kanye eziminyene emfuleni esigodini. Fox in the Biosphere Reserve nenselele. Ngokuvamile, kungabonwa eduze glades ihlathi kanye birch yamahlathi ingxenye enyakatho nasempumalanga ye Reserve. Badger ngokuvamile, luhlala e-birch ukukhanya aspen amahlathi, eduze ezomile emaceleni ale ntaba. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo, yonke indawo ivikelwe of Nature Reserve zingatholakala iminonjana wokuhlala 6-8 amabhere ansundu. Bathandana nalo babuye bathandane aphume zinemiphandu zabo engxenyeni yokuqala ka-Ephreli, futhi aqambe amanga emuva ubuthongo phakathi Okthoba. Ngokuvamile, amabhere lwendawo omnivorous, kodwa nje uma eqhathaniswa naso isihlobo East laseSiberia zingase inyama kubhekwe. Okuhambayo ensimini ka eziyinkimbinkimbi zemvelo, ungathola okuthiwa bear "etafuleni" - zonakale intuthwane futhi umuvi izidleke.

izici landscape

Territory Visimsky inqolobane Ukwakheka kanye ebusweni amatshe kungenziwa yizinqamu ezintathu kunemibandela: empumalanga (Sutukskuyu), maphakathi (Kuligskuyu) nezisentshonalanga (Sulomskuyu). Lesi sakamuva imelelwa amagquma zisuka emoyeni ziqonde ezitshekile sezwe futhi engamamitha iphansana (350 - 400 m ngaphezu kolwandle). Emaphakathi ingxenye has a ephakeme - kwezinye izindawo ifinyelela elaliphansi kwamagquma m 473. Kodwa indawo esempumalanga esiqiwini libhekene impumuzo ejwayelekile entabeni, ukuphakama esiphezulu lugujwa uMnu Big Sutuk (659 m). Ingxenye esemqoka ye-landscape imelelwa ezintabeni. Basuke ehlotshiswe sokuhlukanisa ridge ka Urals Ephakathi. Khweza empumalanga Visimsky Biosphere Reserve - Ende, amancane Lime okusajingijolo Sutuki futhi entabeni - aqukethe crystalline rocks awayiphazamisi magma eziyisisekelo futhi acid, kubavikela weathering futhi umonakalo. Nansi kafushane lokho Visimsky Reserve. Indlela yokufinyelela endaweni yemvelo? Ngokuvamile, indlela has a ubude Ekaterinburg 120 km. Kuze emzaneni Visim kufanele niqhubeke Serovskaya ipheshana.