Izinqumo lokuqala amandla Soviet kanye nendima yabo ukwakheka isimo esisha

Ngo-October wangonyaka Revolution, lwenteke ngu KwamaBolshevik Party ngo-1917, wavula ikhasi elisha emlandweni wezwe lakithi. Akukhona nje kuphela hhayi kangaka yokuthi ngenxa inguquko abahlomile SR-Menshevik Yesikhashana Uhulumeni salandelwa nguMkhandlu Yabantu Commissars we amaBolshevik, futhi iqiniso lokuthi, njengoba lokhu eyingqopha Okthoba ebusuku, eCzech Republic useshintshe Isimiso esiyisisekelo inhlangano kwamandla, kwakukhona olukhulu isiyaluyalu uhlobano phakathi kuhulumeni kanye nomphakathi.

Esikhathini amahora, izinsuku, izinyanga, amaBolshevik athatha izintambo bamukela, kubalulwa izenzo eziningana zomthetho wadala nesisekelo esingokomthetho sokuthethelela amandla abo. Kuze ukwamukelwa yomthethosisekelo lokuqala olusemthethweni ngo-1918 kwaba izinqumo lokuqala uhulumeni wamaSoviet ngo-1917 futhi ngesisekelo imithetho ngokomthethosisekelo wezwe lethu. Ukuqala le nqubo kwaba namanje at Congress Okwesibili, esasihlanganisa amasekela Workers futhi Amabutho ', owawuse-izimo ezithusayo we Okthoba ukuvukelwa kombuso. Izinqumo lokuqala uhulumeni wamaSoviet yamukelwa le ngqungquthela ekuseni ngo-October 26, they namatha izinkinga ezintathu core okwamanje - ngokuthula, umhlaba namandla.

Isinqumo "On the World" usanda uvele likahulumeni waseSoviet uphakamise ukuthi bonke abantu emazweni alwayo ukuphothula ukuxolelana kanye ukuxoxisana. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lezi zingxoxo okufanele iqhutshwe ngaphandle izimfuno annexations kanye indemnities. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo myalo kwathiwa ukwenqaba waseRussia ukuba zezombusazwe imfihlo, futhi kuyaxoxwa isifiso uhulumeni omusha ukulwa ukuze kukhululwe abantu, nezizwe, kusuka nengcindezelo. Izinqumo lokuqala uhulumeni wamaSoviet wawungakwazi ukuthikameza kodwa uthinte phezu inkinga enkulu kakhulu yangaphakathi yezwe - yokubuyiselwa komhlaba kubantu.

Lamukela Umbono Ka-efanayo Congress Isinqumo "On Land 'kwakwenziwa eziningi bezimiso zawo ukukopishwa Uhlelo Socialist-mbuso, ababengakholelwa alinge ngiwuhlakulele. Ikakhulukazi, legumbi kwalesi simemezelo kwaba ayenqaba bayo ngasese komhlaba, watshumayela okuthiwa "komphakathi ubunjalo bezwe!", Okungukuthi, ulithumele impahla yonke abantu. In practice, lokhu kwakusho ukuthi sasinethuba abalimi imiphumela ezimbili ezibalulekile: kuqala, babengakwazi ukuthuthuka bachithe izwe, futhi kwadingeka ukuba uxhumane iziphathimandla zendawo noma amapulazi collective. Okwesibili, abalimi ukuthola imali kubunikazi ezivamile ezweni ngesimo uxhaso oqondile, kanye namaphrojekthi ehlukahlukene emphakathini. Izinqumo lokuqala amandla Soviet endaweni, "usho ku Land" waqale wanika Ukuqonda ngokucacile zonke asendaweni basonta isimo, okuzokwenza zilawule isibopho hhayi kuphela ukuthuthukisa kubo, kodwa futhi ukuze usabalalise imali ethathwe nokusebenza kwabo.

Izinqumo lokuqala uhulumeni wamaSoviet kwadingeka ukuba ukwenze kucace ukuthi kokubili abantu kanye eduze iqaphe intuthuko bezinye izizwe, lokhu kuyosho e mkhuba umbuso wamaSoviet. Isakhi sokuqala kule nqubo kwaba ukwamukelwa kanye Okthoba 26 isimemezelo "Ngo ukusungulwa Yabantu Commissars." UMkhandlu Yabantu Commissars, owokuqala ingxenye yalo yakhiwa kuphela abamele amaBolshevik, wamemezela yi ophakeme welawulo in Soviet Russia. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kulesi simemezelo esifanayo ngqo wagcizelela ukuthi ukulawula imisebenzi SNK, kuhlanganise ilungelo lokwenza izinguquko oyiyo, kungokwalabo iCongress of Workers futhi Abalimi 'amasekela, ngokwenza kanjalo baba ngegama njengegunya eliphakeme esimweni .

Ngesikhathi esifanayo welithi "ngokuphikisana nezinqumo lokuqala amandla namaSoviet" ayikwazi ayigcini nje lezi zenzo ezintathu zomthetho. Emavikini ekucala nezinyanga emva kwempi ke eselineminyaka eziningi izinqumo, okuyinto wabeka izisekelo isimiso samaSoviet. Bonke zingahlukaniswa zibe amaqembu ezilandelayo:

1. nezinqumo amandla Soviet, yabeka isisekelo i-oda entsha kwezomnotho. Lezi zinto zihlanganisa "Imithetho Ukulawula Workers 'izimiso' On ukusungulwa lamabhange" futhi "Ngo ukusungulwa namanye amazwe." Eqinisweni, lezi izinqumo aba isisekelo kungeniswa kwenchubomgomo obengeziwe "impi nobukhomanisi."

2. nezinqumo uhulumeni wamaSoviet, okuyinto washayelwa lomthetho isimo esisha. Lena ngokuyinhloko isimemezelo "Ngo ukwamukelwa yomthetho", "On the enkantolo," "Ngo-Supreme Economic Council."

3. izimiso lokuqala amandla Soviet, sinake isimo esingokomthetho amaqembu ehlukahlukene tigaba. Leli zwi lesinqumo "Ngosuku ema-awa lasiphohlongo," izimiso "On the cindezela", kanye "On ukubhujiswa izigodi."

Ngakho, izinqumo lokuqala uhulumeni wamaSoviet ngo-1917 waba isisekelo ezithile e ukwakheka abasha likahulumeni waseSoviet. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele ugcizelele ukuthi ngokushesha kwesimo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle ngokushesha okukhulu ophoqelelwe Lenin nozakwabo ukwenza izinguquko ukuze koqobo.