Sizwe samaGermanic ukuthi ashaqe eRoma ngo-410 BC

Emlandweni wezwe phakathi IV futhi VII eminyaka wezela kuyiphi inkathi inqwaba yabantu, beshiya indawo sabo sangaphambili, zaphuma ukuyohlangabeza isiphetho sabo engaziwa. Phakathi abacwaningi kunzima ukuthola iphuzu ezivamile ekubukeni izimbangela ukuthi ngasebenza njengombonisi eMnyangweni Umfutho lesi simanga emikhulu. sizwe samaGermanic ukuthi ashaqe eRoma ngo-410, kwaba ingxenye yalolu hlelo, washintsha ngokuphelele ibalazwe Europe.

Ukuhlaselwa Huns

Ngaphezu ngokukhethwa iminyaka engamakhulu amabili ngaphambi inhlekelele ezizweni zamaJalimane ngezikhathi yabonakala kwemingcele Empire Omkhulu. Made omunye ekuphangeni bakhona zinhlanga ngaphansi ukuhlaselwa zamaRoma, kusale nemizana ngemuva baphanga wasishisa nokushayela off ebugqilini amakhulu ngamakhulu abantu. Kodwa umusi imililo nihlakazeke, futhi kwaphela isikhathi esithile, ukuphila wayebuya. Labo babe lucky ngokwanele ukuze usinde nhlekelele, abuyiselwe ekhaya, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana konke liphindwe futhi.

Lo mbuso waqhubeka ubusa iminyaka engaba ngu amabili eminyaka kuze Europe wahlupheka inhlekelele real - ayehlasela Huns. izindimbane Imithala labantu abayimizulane iphuma emaqeleni Asian, ephethwe umkhankaso wokulwa imingcele China e-Europe. Ukuhambisa ngesivinini engakaze ibonwe ngaleso sikhathi, base ngesikhathi esifushane wahlasela German izizwe ngomumo, owawuhlala endaweni esenyakatho Black Sea coast. Ezinye kulezi zizwe (empumalanga) yabekwa bahlaseli, kanye nezinye (entshonalanga) zinhlanga emazweni kulawulwa okwakugcwele eMbusweni WaseRoma, ngethemba lokuthi ukuvikela amabutho azo.

Ngaphansi yokucindezela izikhulu zamaRoma

Ingxenye amathemba abo wayishaya, Huns, ziba engafinyeleleki. Nokho, ukugwema inhlekelele - hit ezinye. Iqiniso lokuthi le nkathi emlandweni yombuso wamaRoma kubhekwa ukuwohloka yayo kubangelwa okonakele we iqembu elibusayo futhi lonke ubushiqela. Incredible e isikali Inkohlakalo buqeda yonke imikhakha yempilo kazwelonke.

Goths, nakuba befika ezweni emakhaya abo, kodwa lincane kakhulu kantsi asihambisani noma wezolimo noma izinkomo zizalela. Ngenxa yalokho yendlala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ababuzwayo kusukela nangobudlova of iziphathimandla zendawo, wazinameka izintela emba eqolo unceremoniously esiphazamisayo kuzo zonke izindawo ezimpilweni zabo. Ngenxa yalokho lezi zici ziye kwavula izinqubo siguqulwe izifiki othulile sizwe samaGermanic, ukuze uthwebule eRoma.

Ukuvukela yama-Jalimane

Akuchithwanga ngokungazelelwe amaRoma. Izolo nizithobe, kodwa kwamasela amakhebuli akubikwa abantu manje yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba rose aqhubeka nokuvukela. AmaJalimane njengenye wathatha izikhali amashela dolobha yoMbuso Eastern - waseConstantinople, lapho 378 wahlangana yinkundla yempi namaJalimane njalo yebutho laseRoma, okuyinto babenezinkinga mathupha uMbusi Valens.

Goths kule mpi wanqoba futhi waqothula okungcono ngaleso sikhathi impi nezwe. Sinenkosi ndawo ashona, futhi abonisa izimangaliso ubuqhawe. Phakathi lababuleweyo kwaba amaRoma nombusi yabo. Yahlala kancane kuka engamashumi amathathu, kuze kube usuku lapho isizwe zamaJalimane ukuthi ashaqe eRoma ngonyaka 410, sigubha ukunqoba walo wezimpi ezalandela.

Singenamandla dolobha kanye esesabekayo

Lokhu ukunqotshwa kwakuyinto embi kakhulu lo mbuso. Ophucwa ibutho, ayenakho kusukela ngaleso sikhathi njalo ukusebenzisa Amasosha, iningi eyayihlanganisa amaJalimane efanayo. Babengamaqhawe onekhono, oqeqeshwe kahle, kodwa alithembekile kakhulu futhi ukulungele uma inzuzo ukuthengisa kunoma ubani. Okwenza isimo sibe sibi ngenxa yokuthi lezakhamuzi bekulokhu uthuthuva bokuvukela komphakathi okubangelwa ububi iziphathimandla elonakele.

Izizwe zamaJalimane ngubani ethumba eRoma 410gn. e. Yebo, kufanele abhekane nezitha zazo izinsalela kanye enamandla, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi ekugcineni ukubola isimo. Phezulu sezinkinga zabo Roma elahlekile kwamasosha umkhuzi wawo abanamakhono futhi abanolwazi Stilicho - ke zibulale izingobe enkantolo. Henceforth inhlokodolobha, futhi olungenayo bayibutho onokwethenjelwa futhi umholi onekhono lempi, kwaba cishe abangakwazi ukuzilwela.

Ukuvinjezelwa Lomuzi Waphakade

Lokhu akuzange behluleka ukusizakala amaJalimane. Njengoba siholwa umholi wabo Alaric bathatha eRoma ekuvinjezelweni. Bengalitholanga ithuba ngaleso sikhathi ukuba ahlasele kahle ebiyelweyo izindonga zomuzi, bakhona walahla abakhileyo ekufeni ngenxa yendlala. Kodwa ngalesi sikhathi isiphetho kwaba sivune phama, futhi isizwe zamaJalimane ukuthi ashaqe eRoma ngo-410, bavumelana ukuhambisa, baye etholwe ube yisihlengo omkhulu.

Kodwa kwangithatha iminyaka emibili kuphela, futhi-Alaric elinganeliseki waphinde wabonakala ngaphansi kwezindonga Lomuzi Waphakade nebutho layo. Ekhuthazwe impumelelo yakamuva namaqaba base bezikhukhumeza bese abeyisayo. Lawa kwakungamadodana izizwe zamaJalimane ngubani ethumba eRoma ngo-410, lesi sikhathi abazange bahlele ikhona, ngisho isihlengo esikhulu kunazo zonke singatholwa. Babengafuni ukuba ungenza ingxenye - babefanele uthole konke. I inhloko-dolobha yombuso, kanye ashaqe kwengxenye ezweni lalizobhujiswa.

ngobuqili Alaric

Lapha kumelwe senze yafakwa kwenye babuze ukuthi izizwe zamaJalimane ngubani ethumba eRoma ngo 410g., Aphethwe izithathe ukuze ixazulule leyo ezindongeni zomuzi, eminyakeni emibili ngaphambili, okwabaphendula ungenakunqotshwa? Kulesi senzakalo, kukhona izinguqulo ezimbili eziqukethwe amarekhodi esekhona we ababephila ngesikhathi salezi zehlakalo. On omunye wabo, umholi yama-Jalimane, ngoba siqaphela ukuthi izindonga ungenakunqotshwa, usethathe a ngobuqili.

Yena ekholisayo okuhleliwe ukuhoxa ukuqeqeshwa ithunyelwa umbusi amanxusa abo, owathi-Alaric, kokubona isibindi nokushisekela izwe Roma, akazange bahlose ukuqhubeka livinjezelwe, futhi ushiya umuzi, ushiya isipho zakulelo lizwe, amakhulu amathathu lamatshumi yezinceku zayo engcono. Ejatshuliswe ukukhululwa ngakho ezingalindelekile, bavimbezela wathatha isipho somusa. Ebusuku, lezi "izinceku", kwashona onogada eseyawavulela phambi amaJalimane.

Umfelokazi, okuyinto wayivula kanjani indlela eya isitha

Enye inguqulo ye indaba inikeza indlela ehlukile. Ufakazi uthi ngalezo zinsuku, lapho Goths futhi wawuvimbezela umuzi, kwakukhona umfelokazi othile ocebile, ngubani ngenhliziyo yakhe yonke uyavumelana ne izakhamuzi futhi ufune amathuba ngandlela-thile adambise ukuhlupheka kwabo. Ukubona ukuthi Nike kungekho ithemba lensindiso futhi amacala kuqala nobuzimu okubangelwa indlala, yena wayaleza izinceku zakhe, ebusuku amaJalimane amasango omuzi, ngisho noma kuyodingeka ukubulala unogada.

Yini ngempela ngalezo zinsuku, futhi manje sekunzima isethwe. Ingabe amaRoma ayengadumile ngakho sinethemba lokuthi let edolobheni zabo "lomshoshaphansi", noma umhlengikazi ophethe zihlaba kwadingeka bakubo senze - manje kungenzeka neze ukusungula bha. Futhi akusiyo obalulekile. Into esemqoka ukuthi Sinister Alaric wawufinyelela umgomo wakhe, noquqaba womele igazi bagqekeza lo muzi.

Ukuwa kwe-inhloko-dolobha yamaRoma

Eye yasinda zemihla eziningi zomlando kwesokunxele balezo izenzakalo. Zichaza indlela isizwe German uthwebule eRoma ngo-410, izinsuku ezintathu futhi revelings wathuthukisa ukuphanga. Kusukela emakhasini le mibhalo sengathi wathela imifudlana igazi wezwa ememeza esifayo ukufa. Nazo zimemezela ngendlela isimo ezinkulungwaneni izakhamuzi isibe ubugqila, futhi labo abaye babaleka emzini ukuze babalekele isitha ngenkathi ngaphansi evulekile esibhakabhakeni ukufa kusuka indlala nezifo.

Alaric lifana umzokwe ezinkulukazi, abancela iconsi lokugcina igazi inhlokodolobha, washiya umuzi befa futhi zayiswa North sizwe samaGermanic ukuthi ashaqe eRome maphakathi nawo-410.

Lo nyaka it lwaluyoba senguquko emlandweni yonke iYurophu. Wakhe ibalazwe ngokushesha edwetshwa kabusha. Kokuquleka sondo ezibonakala obungantengantengi, engcwaba ngaphansi Amanxiwa alo lonke izwe lasendulo.