Indlela yokutshala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: izinhlobo, betshala ukuvundiswa

Blueberry kungokwalabo Ericaceae umndeni uyisihlobo ezikude amajingijolo. Ukusetshenziswa amajikijolo yayo njengoba ukudla iyasiza umzimba. izithelo lwesayensi zalesi sitshalo, isibonelo, ngenxa yokuthi kancane inqubo yokuguga, ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi isimiso sezinzwa, isandla ohlelweni ukuzinza of kokudla esiswini. Yiqiniso, ukuze ubone lokhu isiko kusayithi ungathanda balimi eziningi. Ngakho-ke, kamuva esihlokweni ngokuningiliziwe sizosebenza indlela yokutshala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuleli zwe.

Yiziphi izinhlobo

Zibandakanye ukukhethwa isitshalo ewusizo waqala ngo-1908 Kuze kube manje, ukuboniswa lenqwaba izinhlobonhlobo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okungase oluthathwa zibe amaqembu amaningi amakhulu:

• undersized;
• enyakatho okusezingeni eliphezulu;
• unogwaja iso;
• eningizimu okusezingeni eliphezulu;
• poluvysokoroslye.

Zonke lezi zinhlobo ukunakekelwa kunalokho kwendle futhi adinga ukugcinwa ngokucophelela ubuchwepheshe wokutshala. Cottagers, ukubuza imibuzo mayelana nendlela ikhule aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka endaweni, kuwufanele ukwazi ukuthi eRussia emaphakathi kangcono izinhlobo wakhe mude enyakatho. Ziyaziswa njengamalungu ngokuyinhloko isikhathi eside impela okuhle isivuno kanye ukumelana ongaphakeme okushisa.

izinhlobonhlobo eziphezulu Northern ubude

Ngokuvamile emasimini esifundeni laseMoscow kanye nezinye izifunda emaphakathi neRussia kungabonwa aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka:

• Blyukrop. Lokhu grade ziyinkathi isilinganiso fruiting edonsela balimi ngokuyinhloko nesomiso ukumelana layo, ukumelana ezibandayo futhi umkhiqizo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyahluka amasosha omzimba nezifo. Lokho inhlobo Blyukrop amajingijolo liyireferensi lapho ukudala enye.
• Elizabeth. I amajikijolo yalesi ezihlukahlukene ripens ngempela sekwephuzile, kodwa kuhluke ukunambitheka nje emangalisayo. It aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka Elizabeth ngokuvamile Kunconywa ezikhulayo cottagers ku iziza zabo njengendlela dessert.
• Patriot. Lokhu ezihlukahlukene muhle ngokuyinhloko isivuno salo esiphakeme. Patriot amajingijolo kuyahluka amade futhi ungaveza unyaka owodwa-9 kg izithelo.

Urals naseSiberia izinhlobonhlobo enkulu yalesi isiko ezifana ehlathini ubuhle nectarean waseCanada Emangalisayo. Zonke lezi izinhlobo zihlukaniswa ukumelana kwabaningi imikhuhlane. Akukubi for ezisenyakatho Russia, futhi kufanelekile sesitshalo amajingijolo ukufiphala.

Indlela ukukhetha

Esikhathini aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zasendle zaziwa sikhule ezindaweni izimbuku kunalokho wesihlahla. Nokho, ingadi zalesi sitshalo eduze komhlaba kanye nokuntuleka ukukhanya ungathandi. Uchastochek for aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kufanele kukhethwe sasivumela ezomile. Amanzi asemhlabathini endaweni ukutshala lolu kwezitshalo Akufanele uye eduze kwamanzi kuka 0.5 amamitha. Lokhu kusebenza izinhlobo eziningi. On ezindaweni ezimanzi Blueberry Patriot Blyukrop, Iyamangalisa futhi abanye ngeke ungazizwa kahle futhi kungenzeka zife.

In the ukungabikho okwanele ukukhanya amajingijolo izithelo liyaphela. Ngakho-ke, kufanele itshalwe kude izihlahla engadini, ezicijile okuqinile ngisho berry sezihlahla.

Kuphi ukuze uthole izithombo

Young ehlathini amajingijolo ukukunika Ungathenga e nursery noma ukhule owakho kusuka imbewu noma cuttings. Nokho, iningi izithombo isitshalo kutshalwa namanje uthenge kubalimi. Iqiniso liwukuthi uthole sezihlahla amajingijolo kusuka imbewu noma cuttings ku abo esikhundleni nzima.

Indlela yokutshala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: nezinsuku ukutshala

Carry izithombo zalesi isiko endaweni unomphela kungaba kokubili ekwindla kanye entwasahlobo. Inketho yokugcina kubhekwa izilimi ezifunwa ngabasebenzi. Iqiniso lokuthi uhlelo impande zalesi sitshalo ekuthuthukiseni ngempela kancane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ebusika kungenzeka neze sithole amandla anele. Ngenxa yalokho entwasahlobo simila kungenzeka iqhwa.

Yini okufanele ibe inhlabathi

Blueberry - omunye izitshalo engadini ambalwa uthanda i enhlabathini ene-asidi (nge pH kusuka 3.5 kuya 5). On a loam evamile, lokhu isiko akuthathi impande. Ikhambi best kungaba sokulungiselela lokhu isitshalo nenye kokwakhiwa okulandelayo:

• 1 okuyingxenye Peat;
• 1 okuyingxenye coniferous leaf udoti;
• kancane oqoshiwe pine amagxolo.

Yini kuwufanele azi

Umangele indlela yokutshala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuleli zwe, kufanele acabangele iseluleko esisodwa esibalulekile balimi sabhekana. Ayikho manyolo organic ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa uma ukutshala amajingijolo. Kuyefana nasendleleni umlotha. Uma lo mthetho ukudelwa, izithombo kungenzeka neze izinze. I engokwemvelo Kwasetshenziswa on nenhlabathi acid yalutho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yena, njengabo umlotha, leaches inhlabathi.

preliminaries

Aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka itshalwe ngesikhathi indawo emseleni zangaphambi ngemba nomgodi. Ukuze kamuva engadini ane-alikhali emhlabeni okungukuthi hhayi exutshwe i-esidi substrate, ukulungele ngokukhethekile ngoba lesi sitshalo, lona wamuva ngokuvamile Sekwaba odongeni amanzi permeable geotextile. Yiqiniso, kulesi simo, imigodi futhi imisele kufanele kube ngokwanele ububanzi. Ngezinye izikhathi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka abatshalwé ngisho nje e thini ezinkulu. Ibanga phakathi izimbobo akumelwe ibe ncane kune- 1.5 m.

Self ehlathini amajingijolo ngaphambi kokutshala kufanele agcinwe endaweni amanzi cishe 10 imizuzu. Ingasetshenziselwa ngoba sifakwe emanzini futhi kusho isixazululo ukuthi kuvusa impande kumiswa.

Blueberry Garden: zithi cababa on endaweni

Ngemva imigodi isiko usulungile, ngesikhathi ezinzulwini zabo kudingeka uthele ukulungele inhlabathi ukuxubana ungqimba 20 cm. Kufanele ususe lonke izwe izimpande izithombo. Ungakwazi umane ukugeza off ngamanzi jet efudumele. aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngatshala, kanye clod yomhlaba akukwazi, ngoba lesi sitshalo ayikwazi zisakazwa izimpande zabo.

Sungula yisithombo emgodini udinga ngokuqondile futhi ncamashi phakathi. Blueberry Garden, okutshalwe okufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha, okungcono izokwamukelwa kwenzeka ukuthi izimpande zalo ngobumnene waqonda. Ukuncela ehlathini kufanele baqaphe, ngokuzama ukuba singabonisi kulimaze noma yini. Ngemva kokutshala impande entanyeni kumele ahlale phezu.

Zemithi izitshalo kufanele kube Peat ngokushesha zamulchirovat noma coniferous leaf udoti. Ukunisela aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka itshalwe buhlanjululwe ngamanzi kulo citric acid e isamba 2 h / l esekelwe ebhakedeni 5-7 amalitha isitshalo ngasinye.

ukunakekelwa zezitshalo: umcimbi main

Aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka itshalwe kusayithi ke kufanele:

• banisele;
• Ukukhipha Konke;
• zalisa.

Futhi, Cottages abanikazi kuyodingeka sihlale njalo siqaphele izinga asidi kwenhlabathi. Ukuze uvimbele zokunciphisa fruiting noma ngisho ukufa simila ngenxa ayinayo, qiniseka uthenge umthengisi setha ukuhlola asidi inhlabathi.

Kanjani ukuze aphuzise izitshalo

Overdry okuningi pereuvlazhnyat, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka bengayi. Ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala simila bazithela ngokuvamile kanye ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu (5-7 amalitha isihlahla ngasinye). Uma inqubo kuyoba umswakama kancane, inhlabathi Peat zakameneet ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi lesi sitshalo ngeke bakwazi ukubeka kulo izimpande amasha.

Eminyakeni eyalandela, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kungaba uyophuziswa kanye noma kabili ngesonto. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa (isib uviniga 9%) esilinganayo amanzi ene-asidi kancane efudumele. Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe nge hose nge sprayer. Kungenjalo, inhlabathi ngaphansi izitshalo kungenzeka emikhukhwini eminyene. Ngemva ngamunye ukuchelela amajingijolo zemithi kufanele uyokhululwa.

Indlela ukondla

Umanyolo for aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kufanele kukhethwe ngendlela efanele. Ukuze ondle kwaqala kusukela ngomnyaka wesibili emva kokutshala. Sebenzisa Umanyolo enhlabathini kudingeka kabili sizini. Khula on nenhlabathi acid Peat isiko ngokuvamile bantula macronutrients ezinjalo, ezifana potassium, i-phosphorus, i-calcium, i-sulphur ne-magnesium. Ukuze bavale isikhala nokuntuleka lezi izinto, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa umquba eziyinkimbinkimbi. Lokhu kungaba, isibonelo, "Kemira wagon", izingoma senzelwe softwood, superphosphate kathathu, njll D.

Ash isitshalo umsoco ukhula njengoba uma ukutshala, isicelo sebekubeke engenakwenzeka. Ungalokothi usebenzise nomanyolo for aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka njengoba organic.

Unquma kanjani ukuthi yini entulekayo macronutrients izitshalo

Khetha nomanyolo for aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kufanele kusekelwe eqinisweni, engesiyo izakhi ngokwanele emhlabathini. Ukuntuleka kokukhulumisana macronutrients ezithile kakhulu kuthinta ngokuyinhloko kwifomu sangaphandle izitshalo. Ngakho uma amahlamvu amajingijolo waqala phuzi futhi uye ehlile kumiswa amahlumela, ngakho-ke akuyona nitrogen ngokwanele. izindawo Necrotic kubonisa ukuntula potassium. Izitshalo nge lamina reddened kufanele ukondla izindlela ehlanganisa imali enkulu magnesium, futhi waphenduka okwesibhakabhaka - boron.