IMpi Yezwe Yokuqala: ojenene. Okuvamile nezinduna kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala

Ngazo zonke izikhathi kwakukhona izimpi ezinkulu eyathatha ngaphezu konyaka owodwa. Futhi njalo ngezenzo kuphumelele kakhulu yempi kwakudinga ukuthi amasosha wahola umuntu ovuthiwe. Kungenjalo, ngamunye uyokwenza njengoba efuna, okuyoholela ngenakugwemeka ukuhlulwa. Lokho ojenene abese enza sengathi labo wathatha ubuholi kwezinhloko zamaviyo. Omunye wabo wagijima ibutho kahle, umuntu - kukubi. Nokho, lokhu akuzange kuthinte yokuthi amagama izinduna wehlela emlandweni.

Amagama ojenene omkhulu odinga ukukwazi

Abaningi ukukhumbula kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Okuvamile emlandweni lesi sikhathi, sidlala enye yezinkulumo izindima ezibaluleke kakhulu. Lokho abazi nje unqume isiphetho kwezinkulungwane ezingamashumi amaningi zamasosha ezimpini eziningi. Futhi, ehola ibutho, waba negalelo ekulweni impi yaphela nge kokunqoba olungenamkhawulo. Nokho, bambalwa abantu bazi amagama abo. Futhi ngisho iqembu elikhulu kulesigaba kancane kancane ukhohliwe.

Heroes-ojenene kweMpi Yezwe I wenza eziningi sezakhiwo. Kufanele akhumbule nodumo. Ngakho-ke, kulesi ukubuyekeza, kwanqunywa ukuba ucabangele ojenene edume kunazo zonke, ababa nesandla ezimpini eziningi.

Military Umeluleki Alekseev

Mihail vasilevich Alekseev wazalwa wakhulela emndenini isikhulu. Phakathi izifundo zakhe sokuzivocavoca Michael uye ayiboniswa baba nempumelelo enkulu. Waze akazange iziqu wezemfundo, ngabe senginquma ukwenza njengesisebenzi sokuzithandela 2 Rostov Grenadier Regiment. Ngemva kwalokho Mikhail wangena eMoscow esikoleni ezempi kanye iziqu udumisa. Esikhathini esizayo, umlawuli abadumile indlela yakhe waqala ngempi Russian-Turkish. Ngo-1904 wathola isikhundla uMajor General. Wabuye iqhaza ngesiRashiya-Japanese War. Ngo-1917, it Alexeev uyaqiniseka uNicholas II abadinga abdication. Ukuze uthole isikhathi esifushane uhulumeni wammisa ukuba okuthunyelwe ka uMkhuzi. Nokho, ngenxa imfuneko ukubuyisela amakhotho wamasotja Alekseev isusiwe kule post okusezingeni eliphezulu futhi idluliselwe abeluleki wezempi.

Ukufohla, okuyinto wehla emlandweni

Yiziphi ojenene kweMpi Yezwe khumbula ngempumelelo yabo nobuqhawe? Kufanele kugcizelelwe Brusilova Alekseya Alekseevicha. Wazalwa emndenini uLieutenant General. Abazali kwamasosha umkhuzi wawo esizayo elahlekile esemncane, ngakho ezikhuliswa izihlobo. Alexei ngokwanele kumiswa ezinhle etholwe. Petersburg, wafika 1867. Ngo-1872 wayemuhle enkonzweni olingana Ensign. Ukuze iqhaza neMpi Russian-Turkish efika oda ezintathu lempi. Phakathi lokulwa iye yabangela isidumo Storming ka enqabeni Ardahan. Brusilov nawo afeza indima ebalulekile ukuthunjwa Kars.

Kungani u-Alexei kufanele kwenziwe, ethi lokho ojenene nezinduna kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala wazibonakalisa ohlangothini nobuqhawe? Ngo-1916 wamiswa njengephayona elivamile induna omunye izimpi ukuthi zamnika ithuba lenze elikuthandayo. Futhi emva esifushane ngawo lowo nyaka, wayebheke enhlekeleleni ibutho elincane, kwenziwe intuthuko kwetivikelo isitha (amabutho Austro-German). Emlandweni lesi senzo ukulwa waba ngokuthi Brusilov okuhlambalazayo. Lo msebenzi esiphakathi kwezinkulu kunazo zonke. It kwaholela ukulahlekelwa omkhulu ohlangothini wesitha. Ngemva kwekhefu amaJalimane kwadingeka zishintshele ukwahlukana 17 empumalanga kusukela Front Western.

"Iron" Brigade

Luhlobo luni lwabantu uyikhazimulisile kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala? Okuvamile, amasosha Russian nabantu abavamile wenza eziningi izenzo zobuqhawe. Futhi indima ebalulekile ekunqobeni eziningi kudlalwa Denikin Anton Ivanovich. Yazalwa ngo-sifundazwe Warsaw emndenini enkulu osethathe umhlalaphansi. Empini lokuqala wahlanganyela ekwakheni 4th 'nensimbi' lamabutho ka-12 Army Corps. Ngaphansi kobuholi amasosha Jikelele Kaledin phakathi kwabo kwakukhona u-Anton Ivanovich bavikela maqembu we Carpathians. Kulezi izimpi Denikin yatholwa Order oyingcwele George ngezinga lwesithathu. Ngo-1915, iqembu lamabutho kwaba ihlelwe kabusha ibe sigaba. Amasosha njalo wathumela emuva lapho kungaba ngempumelelo futhi usongo imvelo.

Ngo-September 1915, Denikin ku "Iron Division" wabalwela emzini Lutsk. Impi yaphela ngempumelelo basekuthunjweni athathwa ayizitha angaba yizinkulungwane 20. Ngemva le mpi nobuqhawe Denikin ukhushuliwe uLieutenant jikelele. Ukukhuluma ngalokho, lokho ojenene omkhulu we kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala abangela isiyaluyalu, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi Denikin waba nengxenye mpi for Czartoryski. Asinakusho ukuthi uye waba yiqhawe Lutsk ukufohla ngobuqhawe kokwenza lo msebenzi wakhe. Ukuze ubuciko impi futhi isibindi akuvamile umklomelo yatholwa - George Arms, okwakubekelwa ehlotshiswe amadayimane.

Akukhona nje ukunqoba ezihambisana ojenene

Hhayi kuphela Russian bamabutho zikhunjulwe kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Kweziphathimandla zempi namaqhawe ezitholakala nakwamanye amazwe kwezinhloko zamaviyo. Omunye wabo kwakungu-Fosh uFerdinand. Ngo-1911, isikhundla sabo esilandelayo jikelele etholwe, ngemva kwalokho wamiswa njengephayona elivamile induna division. Ngo-1912, wathatha umyalo 8th Corps e IBourges. Ngemva konyaka, ngaphansi umyalo wakhe bathuthela 20 Corps e Nancy. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, Army Iqembu kwanqunywa ukuba kabusha ifomu ku 9 th ibutho isiFulentshi, ogama myalo kwakungamelwe Jikelele Foch. It is lokhu yempi nobuqhawe empini emfuleni Marne, owenzeka ngo-1914. Ngaphansi kokuqondisa kweNdikimba amasosha Foch bamelana ukuhlaselwa lesitha. Ngemva kokubhekana ukulahlekelwa esindayo, jikelele namanje lakwazi ukuqhuba emzini Nancy. Nokho, ngemva lalahleka isikhathi esithile ngemva kwempi ye-Somme, Jikelele uFerdinand Foch yaxoshwa kokuthunyelwe kwakhe.

Ngaphandle izimpi olunegazi engenzanga impi

France yabangela umonakalo omkhulu ukuze kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Ojenene baye bazama ukuvikela izikhundla zabo, kodwa akunakwenzeka njalo. Julayi 21 eJalimane uye iqale impi ngo-France. UMbusi yebutho French baba Joseph Zhak Zhoffr. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwempi ayenakho ukuze alungise ubuhlobo nomuntu amazwe azihlanganisa England. Ngenxa yokuthi wonke lokulwa ezenzeka eFrance North Belgium, uJosefa waba daba wokuphuthuma a sokulungiselela umzabalazo positional. amabutho aseJalimane kwadingeka kakhulu kuzozonke izinhlangothi, njengoba Jikelele Joffre ngaphandle izimpi olunegazi akazange adikibale.

Umlawuli, owayebizwa zihlukaniswa izindlela ngesihluku zempi

Yiziphi ojenene ka kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala abangela isiyaluyalu zempi? Kufanele kushiwo Lyudendorfa u-Erika, ngubani, nakuba uJesu ayengumuntu umsizi jikelele Gindenborga, self-aqondiswe izenzo ibutho ku Eastern Front. Futhi ngo-1916, waqala ukuphatha wonke amabutho eJalimane. Ludendorff kwaba umsekeli yezindlela esinonya abacindezela izibhelu abantu. Yena ubalwe njengenye yezindlela zobuqaba kakhulu zempi. Kwakuphakathi ekufuna, iJalimane kokuvinjwa ngwenya impi. Nokho, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi kwaba isu lakhe ezingosomathuba esiye yakhelwe hhayi kuphela Ukunqotshwa kwe-amabutho aseSoviet, kodwa futhi amazwe Entente, uye wahlupheka uyisehluleki. Futhi yilokho kwaholela kokunqotshwa kwe amabutho aseJalimane.

Ubuntu kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala

Okuvamile anqume isiphetho izigidi zabantu. Futhi osebenza ngokugcwele umkhuzi Eastern Front Hindenburg. Wazehlukanisa ekuqaleni 1916 ephethwe ukuphazamisa ecasula Soviet eduze kweChibi Naroch. Ngawo butho elikhulu, waya balwe amabutho ihamba, ngubani ephethwe ukuze ifohle izivikelo German. Ekupheleni 1916, wamiswa njengelungu induna Jikelele Abasebenzi Field. Ngemva kweJalimane empini Hindenburg waba ikhanda zamabutho okwakufanele ukucindezela izenzo wamavukelambuso. Futhi kwaba sibonga kuye ukuthi wakwazi ukugcina amandla ezempi ezidingekayo ukuze ukuvuselelwa kwamandla.

isiphetho

ukulahlekelwa eziningi alethwe nalo iMpi Yokuqala Umhlaba. Ojenene, kanye namasosha avamile, izama ukukuholela amasosha wakho ukuthi anqobe. Nokho, lokhu akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi. Futhi ngisho impumelelo ekuqaleni ukulwa shazi kamuva kwaphenduka ukunqotshwa ku. Kodwa ubuqhawe of abakhuzi bempi, ikhono lazo ukwenza zempi ezempi akuzona kuncike kokungabaza. Ukuthatha izixazululo ngezinye izikhathi angajwayelekile, baphenduke amabutho esitha, baphoqeleka ukuba nibalekele Amasimu impi. Futhi ake kwakungekhona ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, eziningi kangaka ngokunqoba ephezulu iphrofayela e ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, khumbula amagama izinduna kuyadingeka. Benza umlando uthi ezikhathini ezinzima kakhulu abantu.