Izenzakalo Andijan (2005) e-Uzbekistan

Izenzakalo Andijan we nantathu Meyi 2005 kubange ububanzi resonance yomphakathi hhayi kuphela e-Uzbekistan, kodwa futhi emhlabeni wonke. Riots futhi itholene phezulu namabutho izakhiwo ukuphepha yezwe wahosha abukhali inhlekelele yezombangazwe, eyathatha kusukela kokuwa kweSoviet Union. Ngokwemithombo ehlukahlukene, ngokuhamba ingxabano bashonile kwathi eziningana abantu abayikhulu. Izenzakalo Andijan bathonya ukuqhubeka inqubomgomo ezifuywayo Uzbekistan.

izimfanelo

Andijan uku Fergana Valley. Le ndawo amakhulu eminyaka abaningi baqhubeka ezizimele ngokulandela yobuhlanga. Ngezindlela eziningi, lokhu kwaba nesandla izici ezindawo kwesigodi. inhlabathi Lapha evundile amaningi emathafeni. Ngakho-ke, iningi labantu eqashwe emkhakheni wezolimo. Labantu olandelanayo kakhulu. athuthukile kakhulu isimiso fraternities kanye nobuzwe primodrialny. Ngenxa labantu kancane elingalodwa cishe engabathinti umsebenzi wokudlulisa. Ngakho-ke, i-Institute of nokuzwelana lapha iyagcinwa amakhulu amaningi eminyaka. Abantu abaningi abahlala the Ferghana Valley namanje zithobele amasiko asendulo. Ngu ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, kusenabantu isithembu evame kakhulu. Hhayi abadala kuphela, kodwa futhi lesi sizukulwane esisha imi nezimiso eziyisisekelo Islam. yenkolo Ukwandiswa ukuvela ngosuku olwandulela ukuwa kweSoviet Union.

Ngonyaka ayisishiyagalombili nesishiyagalolunye, buthakathaka kuhulumeni, ngabe mhlawumbe wakhushulelwa kobuso ziyingozi amahlelo enkolo. Ngaphezu Islam, zikhuthazwe ubuzwe olukhulu. Edolobheni Namangan sidale amaqembu amaningana ukuthi baqala ukuqhatha inzondo yobuhlanga.

I ezimpini lokuqala

Ngo-May ayisishiyagalombili nesishiyagalolunye impi phakathi Uzbeks futhi Meskhetian nabaseTurkey. Uzbeks in inani abangamakhulu amaningana abantu, ayehlome nokufakwa, laqala ukuhlela ezimpini. Bambamba endlini futhi washaywa kanzima-Turks wendawo. Kwaphela izinsuku ezimbili ubunjalo kwemibhikisho baba ehlelekile ngempela. Kuzo zonke izindawo eziyimijondolo nesigodi ukuthi iyikhaya abaseTurkey zaqala ukutheleka izinkulungwane Uzbeks ngemoto. Khona-ke balithumba esifundeni, isigodi noma umzana, futhi walibhubhisa. Phakathi izibhelu ezizivelelayo kuphumelele ekuthumbeni iminyango yamaphoyisa eziningana futhi ufika izikhali. Yokuvimbela nezibhelu wawudinga ukuba asebenzise i amabutho sangaphakathi Uzbekistan SSR futhi zezindiza RSFSR. Cishe zonke-Turks ziyakhishwa. Lezi nezibhelu yabonisa izifunda ngokucacile elinezinkathazo. Nokho, ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union, iziphathimandla zanquma livale amehlo ethu ukuba lezi zinkinga, ngenxa okwenzeka ngempela nokuthi kwenzeka izenzakalo Andijan.

Ukuqala ukungqubuzana

Ngo-2004, iziphathimandla Uzbek sinqume ukuba balwe Islamization sabantu. amahlelo enkolo zifana ezigebe-. amalungu Rich amaqembu efanayo ngokuvamile zihlelwa ibhizinisi jikelele. Nokho, abazi zibangele amahloni wena izindlela encintisana ekuqedeni. Futhi lapho Uzbekistan waqala ukuvinjelwa amahlelo olukhulu, abantu abathile amandla sanquma ukuba sisebenzise lesi simo ngenxa ukuhanjiswa ibhizinisi kuleli zwe. Spring Kuboshwe osomabhizinisi abambalwa besifazane we Ferghana Valley. Phakathi kwazo kwakukhona umahluleli induna Andijan esifundeni (region).

Labo baboshwe abasolwa ngokuba nesandla omunye amahlelo enkolo. Ngenxa yethonya lezingane ummangalelwa kwesivivinyo washukumiseleka ukuba 2005. Izenzakalo Andijan waqala ebusika. Osomabhizinisi wajabulela ukusekelwa sabantu. Ezinye isabelo inzuzo abayichitha esiza abantulayo, emagcekeni abo kwaba eningi imisebenzi. Ngaphezu amaholo aphezulu, nazo bavunyelwe ukusebenza mahhala ukuphathwa ngayo ukudla endaweni yokudlela. Ngakho-ke, zonke ikhomishana kunjalo zalandelwa imibhikisho pickets.

Qala nezibhelu

May nambili eduze kwenkantolo baqala ukubuthana abasekeli osomabhizinisi. Ekuqaleni, rally kwaba esinokuthula. Abantu bamemeza iziqubulo nezingqwembe aphethwe. Nokho, amaphoyisa afike endaweni yesehlakalo waqala sikulibazise ababhikishi. Ngemva kwalokho, izishoshovu wanquma ukuthi ubulungisa konke okwakufunwa yiziphathimandla, ngeke ulinde futhi unqume ukukhipha indlela iziboshwa amandla. Izenzakalo Andijan e Uzbekistan kwaqala ukubonakala Kyrgyzstan nakwamanye amazwe angomakhelwane. Eduzane ebusuku, abantu ababhikishayo abaphumeleli bangqubuzana namaphoyisa. Ngesikhathi amaphoyisa alwa ababhikishi, iqembu lamadoda angamakhulu lithumbe Abezempi abulala amasosha amahlanu. Ingxenye lempi bakwazi ukufinyelela uthwebule engaphezu kwekhulu ngezibhamu namabhomu. Ekuseni amaqembu ahlomile futhi usheshe kwakhiwa ehlaselwa ejele. Ngosizo iloli washaya esangweni futhi baphuthuma bangena isakhiwo. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, ukuqhuma kwezibhamu. Onogada abaningana futhi zababhikishi zabulawa.

Capture ejele

Ezihlubukini ekhululwa ejele abantu abangaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu. Ngasekupheleni ekuseni isixuku wanquma ukuthatha ekuphathweni lesifunda. Endleleni kukhona isakhiwo nokuvikeleka inkonzo Uzbekistan. A ahlukene impi iqembu waya ehlasela. Yaqala kokulwa abanolaka. Abavukeli ephethwe ukucindezela ukumelana amabutho ezokuphepha. Ngenxa yalokhu, bathatha unobuningi nakakhulu izingalo kanye esixukwini bashukumiseleka ukuba kwenkantolo. Cishe ngokuphazima kweso ke sathathwa ezikhukhula. Amaphoyisa khona bathunjwa. Abantu rally waqala phambi by isakhiwo esifanayo.

Ukusabela kahulumeni

Izenzakalo Andijan ka 2005 wabanjwa uhulumeni off aqaphe zwe. Ubude imibhikisho ngobusuku obubodwa kwakukhula kuze kube kwavukelwa samanje. On endaweni izinkulungwane zabantu bahlangana. Babiza izihlobo kanye nabangani babo. Ngokushesha ngafunda ngokuzivikela rally wonke umuzi nezindawo ezizungezile. Maphakathi no-suku isibalo sabantu kabili. Ekuqaleni, injongo umhlangano isifiso abantu baveze ukunganeliseki zabo kwesivivinyo okungafanele osomabhizinisi. Nokho, ngokushesha waqala ukuba ukukhala ukunganeliseki uhulumeni wezwa. Uyakhumbula, okusweleka kwemisebenzi, ukungabi Ukuvikelwa komphakathi kanye nokunye okuningi. Ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningi, yingenxa kokuntengantenga kwezomnotho kanye nezepolitiki kuleli zwe kuye kwaba izenzakalo Andijan. Ingabe zimemeza zithi "Allahu Akbar", ibingakazeki. Iziphathimandla zithe ngakho ukuze bone idumela amavukelambuso. Kamuva, inhloko yezwe kusho ukuthi ababhikishi kufunwe ukusungulwa kwe-Khilafah. Nokho, phambi kofakazi abaningi abathi ukuthi lokhu kubhikisha mbibi nenkolo.

kwengxabano ukungqubuzana

Ukuvukela kwaqhubeka kusabalala. Abavukeli ashaqe abathunjwa abaningi. Esikhathini engumakhelwane ehhovisi izakhiwo kwakukhona ummeli-jikelele, amasosha, amalungu eNational Inkonzo Yezokuphepha. Lesi sifunda siyindawo umongameli efika. Wayeyinhloko indlunkulu ngenxa ukuzinza kwesimo. Uhulumeni waqaphela ukuthi lezi zihlubuki kakhulu, baba zihlomile futhi babe kalowo. Ngakho-ke wangena ezingxoxweni. Ekuqaleni base kwanhlanga zimuka nomoya. Abasebenzi umlamuli yafuna ukukhululwa kwabo bonke abantu ababoshwe esenana ndima khulula amavukelambuso ensimini ka Kyrgyzstan.

Qala lokulwa

Abavukeli futhi yafuna ukukhululwa kwe nabalandeli babo. Eduzane ebusuku safuna kudedelwe iziboshwa, hhayi kuphela ejele Andijan, kodwa futhi ezindaweni yokungeneliseki wenkululeko kweminye imikhakha. Iziphathimandla sinqatshiwe mibandela. Ekuseni ngovivi endaweni waxosha izimoto zempi. Imicimbi e Andijan sawohloka kakhulu, ukudamba. Amasosha avulele ngenhlamvu ababhikishi. Kwakhala. Ashisiwe eziningi isakhiwo zokuphatha. Ukulwa kwakwenzekani ezitaladini eziningana. Ntambama, amasosha kahulumeni egasela endaweni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ezimbili amakholomu izimoto armored ababehilelekile. Ngenxa yalokho edlwengulwa wabulala abantu abaningi. Abavukeli waqala ashona azungeze umuzi ohlangothini Kyrgyz komngcele. Ezizosuka ubephelezelwa skirmishes gqwa. Ngokuza kwakhiwe isiteshi se-TV sendawo, bathola ukuthi le ndima ivinjelwe. Icashe abathunjwa Amavukelambuso waqhubekela phambili, kodwa amaphoyisa uthuli bavulela ngenhlamvu kunjalo. firefight Fierce aluthatha ngemva kwalokho. Ingxenye ababhikishi obunokuthula wafuna indawo yokuhlala ezindlini eziseduze.

ukubaleka myatzhenikov

Ngemva kwamahora ambalwa skirmishes lezi zihlubuki wakwazi ukuphulukundlela Cordon bese uya ezindaweni ingalali. Ngemva abahlanganyeli ababebalekele endaweni izenzakalo wabona lempi besakwazi laqhubekela phambili. Amadoda amadala, abesifazane nezingane baphuthuma ehola amabutho ahlomile, benethemba lokuthi bazosinda kusuka edolobheni. Noma kunjalo, walindela abaqamekeli ozayo. Kuyinto ayikaziwa kanjani izimpilo eziningi amangalelwe ukubhuqwa Andijan ngo-2005. Eduze esikoleni lweshumi nanhlanu izihlubuki baqoqene ndawonye eqenjini Friend, nakwezempi kunezinxushunxushu esevulela ngenhlamvu ebhekise kubanikazi kubo. Ngokusho bokuzibonela bokugcwaliseka, wonke umgwaqo wase ubekade cadavers womuntu. Lokhu kungenxa yokungabikho ukulungiselela abampofu nokuhlela ukuhlinzwa. Le nguqulo yokuthi amasosha adubula abavukeli, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi babesebenzisa abathunjwa (izikhulu eziphezulu) njengoba isihlangu womuntu.

senyama, kubike iBeeld

Ngemuva kwesibhicongo eduze lokulwa esikoleni kwaqhubeka kuwo wonke umuzi. Naphezu mkhulu zempi, imishini, futhi isibalo amasosha (iningi ababhikishi hhayi ehlome) Amavukelambuso enikeziwe ukumelana abanolaka. Ekugcineni, bona namanje Kwagqashuka komuzi.

Ubusuku bonke ababaleki ekuyeni maqondana umngcele (ngamashumi ayisihlanu amakhilomitha). Edolobheni umngcele ikholomu ngakhubeka zibe amasosha ukuqamekela kwakhe. Kwakukhona omunye Kuma ngaphezulu ukuthi kwabulala abantu abaningana. Bendawo kwaba ukunikeza azosiza abayizisulu. Iningi lazo baqoqene isikwele futhi wathandaza. Ngalesi sikhathi, cishe emhlabeni wonke-ke ngezwa ngalokhu izenzakalo Andijan. Izithombe zabantu efile ngakusasa wandizela phezu Amakhasi phambi amaphephandaba amaningi ehlonishwayo.

Phuma Uzbekistan

I ngababaleki babekhuphukela ukuthola indawo e Kyrgyzstan. Ngenxa yalokho, bethukile nezihlubuki neligwadulekile bathunyelwa onogada basemngceleni we embassy abesifazane nabantu asebekhulile. Ngemva kwamahora amaningana izingxoxo ngenjongo yokuthola isifumbathiso amasosha bavumelana ukweqa ababaleki. Uma they finyelela ohlangothini Kyrgyz, bavuma ukweqa ngemva belala izingalo zabo. Endaweni yokuhlola ihlelwe kuso idolobha lamatende. Ngemva kwalokho, i-United Nations wanika ngababaleki obaleke Andijan. Asylum bathola eRomania.

Qedela ukucindezelwa yokuhlubuka yaphela Andijon izenzakalo 2005. Uzbekistan isikhathi eside ayikwazanga ukuthola ukusuka kule nhlekelele. Amazwe amaningana Western nqumela unswinyo olubhekiswe ezweni. Caught iziphathimandla zezwe abavukeli babebulawa isigwebo sasejele eside.