IVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho: izici, ukwakheka, inqwaba yezinto zemvelo. EGP iVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho eRussia

Isakhiwo iVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho kuhlanganisa 5 amayunithi zokuphatha. Central phakathi kwazo Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni. On insimu yalo kukhona amabhizinisi ahlukahlukene enkulu yezimboni. Ngaphezu Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni kule iVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho kuhlanganise Republic Mari El, Mordovia futhi Chuvashia, kanye Kirov esifundeni.

umkhakha amavolumu

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni ukhonza njengelungu isikhungo yokukhiqiza esifundeni. Isebenzisa umshini ithuluzi, avtostroitelnye, Udizili Isakhiwo, shipbuilding kanye nezinye izimboni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhona ukwehla Ingxenye endaweni emkhakheni wezomnotho yesifunda. Lokhu kungenxa ijubane okusheshayo yezimboni. Ngakho, e-eRepublic kabanzi kwakhiwa kagesi kanye Instrumentation, e Mordovia - iraba kanye usimende, ukukhiqizwa Ukukhanyisa, iMari El - electronics. indawo Okwesibili esifundeni ngokuya ukukhiqizwa yezimboni kuthatha Kirov esifundeni. Ukhiye nezimboni isiqoqi sama-softwe lapha isinyathelo, kuhlanganise i-imeyili, imboni umshini ithuluzi. Le ndawo athuthukiswe kahle ukudla, amakhemikhali, uginindela iphepha, ipulangwe, ugodo umkhakha, umsebenzi Izitshalo ukwenziwa zasendlini.

Mari El

indawo emqoka eziyinkimbinkimbi kwezomnotho embonini udlala kulelizwe. I isabelo isiqoqi sama-softwe kuyinto 1/4 wezindleko ivolumu ukukhiqizwa. Kulesi umkhakha, isisindo kakhulu kukhona zobuchwepheshe kanye isiqondiso eyinkimbinkimbi. Lezi zihlanganisa, ngokukhethekile, zihlanganisa electronics, ithuluzi ukwenza. Mari El Republic ukhiqiza engaphezu kwengu-60% we-waseRussia ukuhweba kanye ifriji imishini. Izinkuni, iphepha, ipulangwe umkhakha ndawonye hlala mayelana 13% of the volume ingqikithi ezimbonini.

Mordovia

Lokhu republic ubhekwa i zezimboni-nezokulima. Kanye izimboni zezimboni, kuyinto ezolimo okwandile. Ukukhiqiza umkhakha kuthathwa njengesibikezelo esiyiso ubunjiniyela ukhiye. Kuyinto ngaphezu kwesigamu embonini Imininingwane. Amagatsha amaningi asethuthukile engineering kuzomele sifake ukukhanyisa imishini, Instrumentation, Semiconductor yokukhiqiza. omningi ukukhiqizwa unika embonini yezokudla.

Chuvashia

isiqoqi sama-softwe e republic ithatha ezingaphezu kuka 1/3 ye ukukhiqizwa Imininingwane. Ngo Chuvashia etholakalayo beluka imishini, ogandaganda, kagesi. Amabhizinisi ezinkulu JSC "Promtractor". Kuyinto kuphela eRussia kanye kulo lonke elaseYurophu isitshalo ukwenziwa ephezulu amandla multi-tractor. Le nqubo isetshenziswa igesi, amalahle kanye igolide sphere. ithuthukiswe Chuvashia, amakhemikhali, okulungisa ukudla, umkhakha ukukhanya kahle.

IVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho: sici

Ngokwe uhlelo lokuthuthukiswa eminyakeni ezayo kulindeleke ukuba ukutshala elibonakalayo izikhungo yezimboni esifundeni. Omunye wabo, ikakhulukazi, ezisebenza Mordovia ngempumelelo. KwaseSaransk-Ruzaevsky ifindo kwakheka republic ngesisekelo insimbi, ukukhanyisa kanye nezinye amabhizinisi. Ngo Chuvashia, ukwakheka eziyinkimbinkimbi kwakubangelwa ukwakhiwa lo Cheboksary amandla kagesi, chemical isitshalo nefektri ugandaganda. Ukuthuthukiswa Mari El kwaba Volzhsky node ngesisekelo izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezindwangu ezingaba ubunjiniyela kanye Woodworking.

ukutshalwa kwezimali angaphandle

Naphezu ukuthuthukiswa abalulekile umkhakha WeRiphabhulikhi YaseNingizimu Afrika, amalungu iVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho, isici sphere yezenhlalakahle kushiya okuningi okufanele oyifunayo. Kukhona neligebe ukuthuthukiswa komnotho we izikhungo ezinkulu izinga lempilo wamaqembu ezizwe, we Kirov futhi Nizhny Novgorod izifunda. Ukungabambi iqhaza ukudlula kumiswa izakhiwo emakethe. Nokho, kukhona igalelo elihle ukutshalwa kwezimali angaphandle kanye ukunwetshwa kwenkululeko ukuthekelisa futhi ukungenisa. Chuvashia ngokubambisana neNhlangano eJalimane, isibonelo, nomthelela ekwakhiweni a ukukhiqizwa entsha amabhande esivikelo emotweni ifektri izimoto. Le nkampani itholakala emzini Sura. Ukukhiqizwa usubhekwa njengento eyayingaba hhayi kuphela e-Russia, kodwa futhi kuwo wonke amazwe CIS. Lesi simila Uyoqeda ukwencika automakers ezifuywayo nabathengisi bakwamanye amazwe. ukutshalwa kwezimali Foreign ziye zaba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-Cheboksary isitshalo zokwakha (JSC "SANTEK"). Cooperation emabhizinisini angaphandle eye yavusa ukunwetshwa ibhizinisi ububanzi, hhayi kuphela ezweni elilodwa, kodwa kuso sonke isifunda.

EGP iVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho

Ngaphansi kohlelo, engxenyeni esentshonalanga ye esifundeni ongasho ukufana yayo isikhungo Russian. Isimo sokukhululeka ngokwenkolo eseningizimu kufana nemibandela Central Black Earth esifundeni. Inani endaweni zensimu - ayizinkulungwane 263 sq M.. km. IVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho itholakala maphakathi engxenyeni European yezwe. Isifunda Itholakala imicengezi nemifula emikhulu. Lawa iVolga futhi Vyatka. Ngakho, eqinisweni, igama esifundeni. EGP iVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo besitimela okubophela iNyakatho-Ntshonalanga kanye Centre, Urals kanye iVolga esifundeni, inikeza izimo ezivuna ukuthuthukiswa esebenzayo komkhakha kwezomnotho.

Izinto ezingokwemvelo we iVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho

Isimo sezulu esipholile ezwekazini. Yonke ndawo ihlathi okwandile. izinsiza siqu kwemvelo iVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho musa ihluke omningi. Esikhathini Kirov esifundeni, isibonelo, lapho akha izinto, Peat, zikasawoti. Le ndawo imbozwe ihlathi afanayo okunomthelela umkhakha yabo Woodworking. Imithombo yamanzi we iVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho kukhona ezibaluleke kakhulu sokuthuthukisa yokukhiqiza kanye nezolimo.

abantu

IVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho ithatha cishe 5.7% wabantu. Inani i-2001 - abayizigidi ezingu 8.2 isimo lokubala ubuningi babantu ngo-2000 laba ukwehla yemvelo (abantu mayelana 8/1000) .. Yenqaba yayiphezulu ikakhulukazi endaweni Nizhegorodskaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kube nephutha kufuduka omuhle. Ngo Nizhny Novgorod, esikhathini kusuka 2007 kuya ku-2009. ngenxa ukwehla lokufa futhi ukwanda lokuzalwa ukukala ukwehla zemvelo sabantu kwehle ngo-30%. I konga 32 cel / sq. km. Ngaphakathi esifundeni, waphawula komnikazi engalingani. Iningi labantu abahlala Chuvashia kanye Nizhny Novgorod esifundeni. Esikhathini Kirov esifundeni. I kwabantu labantu incane. Mayelana 70% labantu uhlala emizini. Kirovskaia futhi Novgorod Region ziyehluka kakhulu kakhulu abantu abahlala emadolobheni (mayelana 71%). Ngo lonke sibalo kwalo kufinyelela 60%.

Izici umsebenzi

Uma ucabangela indawo ye iVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele imininingwane komnikazi ngokuhambisana ukuthuthukiswa yomkhakha ikakhulukazi kwezomnotho. Ngakho, kule ndawo yasemaphandleni ikakhulukazi abahlala Mari El, Chuvashia, Mordovia. It yakha inqolobane labetibambile esifundeni inqubo ukwakhiwa kwamadolobha ukuhlinzeka umsebenzi embonini kanye ukuhanjiswa kwezinye bagxila emizini ezingokoqobo futhi angaphatheki umkhakha ukukhiqizwa.

umkhakha lunye

Ukhiye imikhakha yezomnotho akhiwa ngenxa evumayo EGP iVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho. Imikhakha oyinhloko lunye kuzomele sifake ubunjiniyela, ihlathi kanye nezimboni zamakhemikhali. Okubaluleke Ukhiye ngemoto shipbuilding. A umnikelo omkhulu ekuthuthukiseni umnotho zakule ndawo benza nemetalloemkoe zobunjiniyela (ubunjiniyela kagesi) futhi umshini amathuluzi. Ngaphezu isikhundla ukhululekile elalihlala iVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho, isici kwesifundazwe sika yakhiwa ngokomlando kwakheka isisekelo yezimboni Nizhny Novgorod. Ikakhulu, i-Sormovo isitshalo lalibhekwa njengento enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu kuleli zwe ngaphambi inguquko. Ngokungangabazeki, umphumela yethonya zomsebenzi inothile, inothile amanzi ehlathini. Njengoba sihambisana nale EGP iVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho ayikuvumeli ukukhiqiza izinto ezanele engahluziwe base amandla. Ukukhiqizwa umthamo futhi umkhiqizo uhla ukusebenza kakhulu kuthathelwe esifundeni Central. IVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho, ngamafuphi, igxile fuel amazwe futhi izinto zokusetshenziswa kusukela iVolga esifundeni, Western eSiberia naseMpumalanga Urals.

ubunjiniyela

It imelelwa shipbuilding kanye ngezimoto izinkampani, ukwenziwa imikhiqizo umsakazo izitshalo, amathuluzi, amadivayisi kanye nemishini ukhuni kusebenziswe futhi chemical izimboni. Ngo ubunjiniyela, matasa kwesigamu sabantu abasebenza kule ndawo. isitshalo Lower eNovgorod baxhumana amabhizinisi eduze futhi inamagatsha e Pavlov futhi kwaseSaransk. Setha izitshalo umshini wokwakha e Cheboksary futhi Kirov. Bakha tractor esindayo, ogandaganda, izimoto wonke amasondo, ogandaganda. KwaseSaransk amabhizinisi akhiqiza izibani kagesi, asebenza ngebhethri, arc, mercury. Nizhny Novgorod isitshalo "Red Sormovo" ngaphambilini kudedelwa emfuleni icebreakers, imikhumbi hydrofoils. Kusukela iVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho eRussia akuyona izinto ezicebile siqu eluhlaza, imishini zigcinwe ngokwezinga elikhulu ngenxa ukulethwa zokwakha Urals.

umkhakha Chemical

EGP iVolga-Vyatka kwezomnotho esifundeni Russia ivumela ngenkuthalo ukuthuthukisa sphere ezimbonini esifundeni. ukukhiqizwa Chemical ubhekwa omunye imikhakha ayisihluthulelo emnothweni. The main zokukhiqiza nendawo Dzerzhinsk. Kukhona ayatholakala nitrogen umquba, epulasitikini, zokwenziwa inhlaka, sulfuric acid kanye neminye imikhiqizo. A esikhulu petroleum processing plant itholakala Kstovo. Umuzi Al'met'evsk wafingqa komsele.

imikhiqizo izinkuni umkhakha

Kumiswa ngempumelelo EGP iVolga-Vyatka esifundeni komnotho khona enkulu ihlathi massifs. Enterprises wahlanganyela emkhakheni ngokhuni esikhiqiza amapulangwe, ifenisha, olufana. Sebenza on the iVolga uginindela nephepha Mills. Elikhulu kunawo wonke wabo inkampani Balakhna. PPM futhi asebenze Volzhsk futhi Pravdinsk.

AIC

eziyinkimbinkimbi Agro-zezimboni imelelwa ezolimo kanye isilwane ukunakekela. C ukukhiqizwa \ x kubhekwa isabalalise, kodwa uyakwazi kancane kuphela ukuhlangabezana nezidingo esifundeni. A indima ebalulekile udlalwa ngu imfuyo. Ngokuzalanisa imfuyo usebenzisa emadlelweni yemvelo kanye nezimfunda e emfuleni izigodi. Lapha sikhule izinkomo, izingulube, izimvu. Okuhle ukuthuthukiswa kwesifunda kanye nezolimo. Esikhathini iVolga-Vyatka esifundeni sikhule amazambane, okusanhlamvu kanye nezitshalo zezimboni.

Amandla

Embonini yezamandla kagesi usebenzisa imithombo yabo - amanzi Peat. Isebenza emifula izitshalo ezimbili ngamandla esifundeni - Cheboksary futhi Nizhny Novgorod. Nokho, isihluthulelo esifundeni kukhona uwoyela negesi. Eza insimu ka Western eSiberia naseMpumalanga iVolga esifundeni. Ingabe futhi izinsiza ezibalulekile namalahle. izimpahla zabo Kuznetsk futhi Pechora umcengezi. Iningi ugesi eyenziwe ezishisayo izitshalo amandla. I iziteshi ngobukhulu asezindaweni Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Balakhna.

ezokuthutha

Akukhona ukuthi inethiwekhi aminyene ezisebenza kule ndawo. Nokho, badabula leyo ndawo besifunda kukhona imigwaqo ebaluleke kakhulu futhi nojantshi bezitimela. Zikuxhuma ezingxenyeni ezisempumalanga nezisentshonalanga yezwe. Okukhulu ezokuthutha Umthambo esifundeni kuyinto p. IVolga. Lapha, ukuthuthukiswa umgibeli kanye wezimpahla lokuthumela.