Intaba-mlilo llullaillaco: lapho, umlando wokubalwa kweminyaka ngamadwala nezinye amaqiniso

Intaba-mlilo llullaillaco siyingxenye ye zokhahlamba - Andes eNingizimu Melika. Ngosuku olucwathile kungenzeka cabanga sondo amakhilomitha angu-200. kwaphawuleka ngokukhethekile ithiphu yayo oyindilinga, embozwe iqhwa. Intaba-mlilo llullaillaco - lesihlanu emhlabeni ngokuya intabamlilo eliphakeme.

izici Jikelele intabamlilo

Llullaillaco stratovolcanoes kungokwalabo esigabeni (oyibamba). Naphezu kwenkathi ende ezolile, lokho kuthula kuyadukisa. Ngakho ekupheleni 70s kwekhulu le-18 wakhala ebukhali athule kuqhuma amabhomu. Ngakho-ke, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi llullaillaco intabamlilo waphinde walala isikhathi eside, abantu bendawo abakhohliswa sokulala wakhe oqinile. Ibizwa ngokuthi "umkhohlisi" (njengoba elihunyushwe).

Llullaillaco intabamlilo ngokwayo itholakala ngqo emngceleni Chilean-Argentina. Itholakala engxenyeni ephakathi ye-isikhathi eside entabeni uhla eNingizimu Melika - e-Andes. Uphi llullaillaco intabamlilo ngokuqondile, kungatholakala ngokubheka ibalazwe. Itholakala iseduze ehlane eyomile kakhulu iplanethi - the Atacama. Lapha kungenzeka ukunquma le ezindawo izixhumanisi llullaillaco intabamlilo. Kuyinto ingxenye yokhalo Cordillera Occidental ithafa Puna de Atacama. 25 degrees 12 amaminithi S, degrees 68 53 imizuzu W - ke uhlela llullaillaco intabamlilo. Ububanzi nobude, ngokulandelana, eningizimu nasentshonalanga.

Geological umlando llullaillaco

Isinyathelo sokuqala lapho kumiswa Massif wentaba-mlilo abhekwa ezenzeka ngesikhathi Pleistocene. Kulesi sikhathi Geological iphutha okukhulu kumiswa Isigaxa, engxenyeni engenhla 150 kuyinto zeminyaka kubhidlika edlule. Lezi zenzakalo abonisa imfuhlumfuhlu izinsalela yamadwala igneous abasengxenyeni esempumalanga ye Massif mlilo. amakhilomitha amaningi placer ingilazi wentaba-mlilo uya endaweni Argentinean.

Isinyathelo ukwakha llullaillaco Nowesibili wamthatha iminyaka ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane eziyishumi ezedlule. Le nkathi wabona kumiswa ngiyothenga eyengeziwe kanye domes eziningana. Kule nkathi uhlala ephawulekayo lava kwemali, iningi okuyinto wagxila ukusuka enyakatho uye eningizimu intaba-mlilo.

Yamanje isimo llullaillaco

Okwamanje intabamlilo llullaillaco egcinwe esigabeni ithule (isinyathelo solfataric). Lesi sinyathelo esashiwo Kwabiwa zesikhathi izimbotshana esishisa bhé gaseous sulphur compounds.

ukuphakama Modern intaba-mlilo - ezingaphezu kuka-6.7 amakhilomitha (engamamitha) futhi cishe 2.3 km (ukuphakama). Lezi ongakhetha zikuvumela ukuba niwayise ngobukhulu mlilo zomhlaba. Indawo eyingqayizivele indawo intabamlilo (eduze ezifundeni ezomile kakhulu futhi hot kakhulu zomhlaba) Kwaholela irekhodi Snowfield okusezingeni eliphezulu - ezingaphezu kuka-6 km. Leli yizinga eliphezulu kakhulu emgqeni iqhwa emhlabeni.

Llullaillaco yomlando okutholakele

Ekupheleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, ososayensi baye bathola emthambekeni wentaba Inca ezidunjini ezomisiwe izingane ezintathu - ukunkenketha yasendulo igazi isiko okhokho Inca. Ngaphansi kucatshangwa mlando, izingane kwakwenziwa imihlatshelo phezu llullaillaco. Ngokwe abacwaningi kulinganiselwa ukuthi kukhona mayelana emakhulwini amahlanu eminyaka. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi mummy kanye ngokuthi "abantwana bakwa-llullaillaco mlilo" futhi indodakazi endala ebizwa Juanita Ice Ntombazane.

Ukutholakala kwaleli qiniso elimangalisayo senziwa Sibonga kungenzeka ukuba sezulu eziyingqayizivele phezulu - emoyeni kubanda kakhulu futhi ezomile. Zonke ezidunjini ezomisiwe ezintathu ngenxa ngqo bomkhankaso zisusiwe wabekwa nokuqondisayo Museum kwedolobha Salta (Argentina). Okwamanje, bona kungabonwa izinti zezitsha embukisweni Museum.

Lo mcimbi wanika intabamlilo njengoba lesikhumbuzo mlando. Ngesikhathi indawo ye uyathola wawubonisa pointer ekhethekile.

llullaillaco Conquest

Okokuqala ezilotshwe imithombo ebhalwe kokunqotshwa intabamlilo iye izibophezele ngo-1952. Kulo nyaka, akhwela kuya abaqwali phezulu B. Gonzalez H. Harzeym. Climbing kuya phezulu lilula: akudingi abasubathi Lesisemkhatsini iziteshi imishini nasemakamu, futhi ngokuvamile senzeka emini. Isikhathi elilungile kakhulu uhambo olunjalo - kusukela ngo-May kuya ku-October. Emthambekeni wentaba kukhona imimoya enamandla.

amathiphu Izikhangibavakashi:

1. Lokunyuka kungaba ngokuvumelana imizila sivunyiwe. Kwezinye izindawo kungase uhlangabezana nezingxenye ezilukhuni, ngaphandle, ungakwazi iyangena endaweni egqitshwe amabhomu. Umzila wasenyakatho 4600 amamitha eningizimu - 5000 amamitha.
2. Ngaphambi ephakamisa kumelwe bathole imvume esisayinwe CONAF, shiya idatha inhlangano ukubunjwa iqembu, umzila kanye nesikhathi okucatshangelwa ukuthi lo mkhankaso.
3. Ukugcina isikhathi nomzamo kungcono ukusebenzisa amasevisi umhlahlandlela lendawo.
4. Ekulungiseleleni umkhankaso udinga ukuqoqa impahla edingekayo (ngokuyinhloko zidinga crampons futhi ekhuphuka izicathulo ezikhethekile ukuba unqobe lo uqweqwe kanzima), izingubo (esiqongweni sezintaba, iqhwa, izinga lokushisa kuyoba aphansi), amanzi nokudla (esiqiwini azikho zokudlela nezitolo ngakho konke Bayothwala nami).

Le ntaba-mlilo iyona yesihlanu llullaillaco ukuphakama futhi ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it has a ukuphakama esiphezulu emgqeni iqhwa emhlabeni.