Izifunda Russian kwezomnotho, ngokokuhlala: incazelo, izici

Russia - United ngobukhulu kuleli zwekazi Eurasia, ithatha ingxenye esenyakatho-Asia naseMpumalanga Yurophu. Ayisebenzi, ke zibalwa kuqala emhlabeni phakathi amazwe. Inombolo ephelele bakulelo zwe - abantu abayizigidi ezingu-146. Ngokwe zohulumeni - republic kamongameli-ePhalamende; isimo sikahulumeni. Igama olusemthethweni lwezwe - WaseRussia (RF). Capital - edolobheni laseMoscow.

Umongameli wamanje we state uVladimir Putin. Lwemali olusemthethweni saziwa ngokuthi i-ruble Russian. Izwe itholakala khona zone 11 wonke sezigaba zezikhathi. Russia ekuhlanganiseni eziningi eziningana izizwe, izinhlanga namasiko. Bonke abantu siyizisebenzi abangenamakhono kusukela izingcweti ukuba osomabhizinisi. Nasi labantu ezithakazelisayo kwamandla amakhulu. On the indawo ungabona izikhumbuzo eziningi kanye nezinzuzo ezihlukahlukene isiko eyihloniphayo abantu nomlando wayo.

izifunda ezemvelo Russia

endaweni Russian - angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-17 izinyawo square. km. It has lonke ugu elide kakhulu phakathi kwezizwe zomhlaba.

amaphuzu Extreme:

• Enyakatho - m Cheliuskin (Peninsula Tajmyr) ..
• Empumalanga - ku-e Ratmanova (iBering Strait).
• Eningizimu - kwaba Bazardyuzyu (komngcele Dagestan).
• Ngo entshonalanga, nephuzu Itholakala Kaliningrad esifundeni.

Russia kunemibandela ngokweqashiso, phakathi izingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba - eYurophu nase-Asia. Umnyele isethwe zase-Ural. Lezi zindawo ezimbili kukhona okungalingani ngobukhulu: European okuyingxenye ithatha 25% ndawo, kuyilapho Asian - 75%. izindawo Russian hlala ingxenye enkulu yase-Asia, okuyinto evame ukubizwa ngokuthi eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude.

Uma thina uhlukanise eRussia izinhlobo zosizo, okungukuthi, indlela orographic, singakwazi ukuhlukanisa 6 ngokwendawo yezwe.

entshonalanga yeSiberia

Lalimelela eWest laseSiberia Plain, omunye emathafeni esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Esisogwini Sea Kara kuya Kazakh semi ezingwadule we-Altai futhi Urals emfuleni. Yenisei. Ubude endaweni engaxubile - 2.5 million sq. km. West esifundeni Russia elinesimo ezincane kokuphakama izinguquko. Ziyashiyana uhla 100-200 m ngaphezu kolwandle. On imingcele empumalanga antante 300 m. Le ndawo yalesi sifunda izimbuku ngempela. Kukho konke esifundeni laseSiberia izwe eningizimu yeRussia wahlala-e kahle, kanti abanye nakanjani asihambisani noma ukuphila noma ibhizinisi.

empumalanga yeSiberia

Esinye isifunda yeSiberia, okuningi kwakho okubangelwa ithatha Central laseSiberia Plateau. Itholakala ngaseningizimu eWest laseSiberia Plain. On the nedlelo esempumalanga nengxenye esentshonalanga sizungezwe izintaba Eastern Sayan, Transbaikalia kanye iBaikal esifundeni. Ukuphakama isilinganiso esifundeni - 600-700 m, kushintshana emikhulu futhi Amathafa. Ithafa eliphakeme - Viljujsky lapha zifinyelela ubude obungamamitha 1500-1700 m iphuzu esiphezulu -. Kamen, ukuphakama 1701 m endaweni lingachazwa ngokuthi yindawo lapho kuvamile kulo eyiqhwa .. Olubanzi emfuleni uhlelo emelelwa ikakhulu yimifula entabeni.

Far East

A isifunda elincane kwendawo Russia, okwethulwa ogwini Pacific. Ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye 3: ezwekazini - coast nje; peninsular - Peninsula eKamchatka; isiqhingi - Kuril Islands. Ingabe ngezinga meridional, encike kuyo izici ezindawo ka esifundeni. Ngokwesibonelo, engxenyeni esenyakatho eMpumalanga Ekude itholakala kwe-Arctic Circle. Ngasekupheleni eningizimu yeRussia eqhweni usuthathelwa izindawo Iqhwa, bese - emathafeni ase. Okunengi esifundeni imelelwa izintaba namagquma. Kuyingxenye zone zokuzamazama komhlaba. Ikakhulukazi le Peninsula eKamchatka. It kubhekwa kakhulu esebenzayo esifundeni zokuzamazama komhlaba. Ngaphezu nezintaba-mlilo eziqhumayo, lomkhuba njalo - izintaba-mlilo ngaphansi kwamanzi, okubangela amagagasi-tsunami. Esikhathini eningizimu ehlathini ubuswa abameleli flora esihle. Njengamanye nezinye izifunda of Russia, endaweni - izindawo umswakama high ngenxa ukusondela ukuba ulwandle.

Southeastern entabeni esifundeni Russia

Yonke ingxenye eseningizimu futhi empumalanga yeRussia linqamula ezintabeni umngcele. Esikhathini eningizimu-mpumalanga tiniketwe eCaucasus entabeni simiso Altai futhi Sayan, iBaikal lamagquma. IziNtaba zaseCaucasus ngokulinganiswa ayemncane. kumiswa yabo alikaqedwa okwamanje, futhi kufanele 'sikhule' sici. Iphuzu esiphezulu ugema ngaphakathi 5000 m Iphuzu esiphezulu eCaucasus -. Elbrus. Ezinye izindawo kwendawo ERussia kukhona eziyingozi kakhulu. Kukhona izinhlekelele sina kungaba kwenhlabathi, izikhukhula zeqhwa ezintabeni ze, ukuzamazama komhlaba futhi idwala uwela.

Ural

Kule ndawo kuhlanganisa emfuleni nezintaba zokhahlamba elinegama elifanayo. Ural usuke eningizimu kuya enyakatho, abangaphezu kuka-2 000 km, kusukela eningizimu kuya empumalanga - ezingeqi kwezingu-150. Kususelwa landforms zabo, endaweni sehlukaniswe ezindaweni eyinhloko Russia: North, South, Central, elimboze izindawo ezibandayo kanye subpolar. Ural nomthelela kwi sezulu wonke umbuso. Anjengesibani "isithiyo", futhi ungaphuthelwa abandayo wasolwandle emoyeni uquqaba ukuba zize kuleli zwe, kanjalo asungula uhlobo zamazwekazi sezulu kuyo yonke insimu. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sezulu ezahlukene, kanye nasesifundeni uwela kwezulu ngaphezulu entshonalanga kuka empumalanga. Okukhulu uhlelo kwamanzi - ethubeleza ezingaphezu kuka 6 ayizinkulungwane emachibini ..

plain Russian

East European Plain (Russian) ingenye enkulu emhlabeni. Izifunda Russia ikude ngemva kwakhe ngesikhathi obuphelele. Igama lakhe lesibili - Russian - kwakubangelwa lokuthi iningi ingxenye lingaphakathi imingcele isimo igama elifanayo. Usayizi - abangaba yizigidi ezingu-4 sq. km. Phakathi kwemingcele ezungeze imibuso yezwe isendaweni yoLwandle iCaspian e-Arctic Ocean, ku imingcele esentshonalanga yezwe eziNtabeni Zase-Ural empumalanga. Plain ngokumangalisayo iyunifomu, ejwayelekile. ukuphakama Isilinganiso ingeqi ukuphakama m 200 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. 6 ahlelwe ezindaweni eziphakeme ithafa kusukela 310-340 Inkomba m. Le ndawo uye washintsha ezinkulu yabantu.

nokuklanywa izimo zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho

Ngokuya nokuklanywa izimo zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho ukwaba izifunda 11 ezingomakhelwane amayunithi indawo zokuphatha. izifunda eceleni ovelele indawo, isizinda somlando, isisetshenziswa engaba kanye nokuthuthukiswa ethile umkhakha wemboni. Zonke izifunda 11 zihlukaniswe sici esisodwa ngaphezulu - basonta izifunda ezimbili Macro, aseNtshonalanga Kapa kanye naseMpumalanga. EWestern esifundeni Macro 7 kuhlanganisa izindawo eziseMpumalanga - 4.

• Ezisenyakatho Russia. Omunye izifunda kakhulu ngokwendawo enkulu European okuyingxenye. Siqukethe Vologda, Arkhangelsk futhi Murmansk izifunda, Republic of Karelia futhi Komi. Futhi lokhu kufaka Nenets Autonomous District. Ngu North ingxenye sisho esifundeni Primorsky Russia, okuyinto ziphoqa phakathi izivakashi.
• esifundeni Central. Kuhlanganisa inhlokodolobha kanye izifunda elilandelayo 12 Federation.
• Central Black Earth esifundeni kwezomnotho. Kutholwe eningizimu ye-Central, elingelinye lamancane ngobukhulu, liqukethe izindawo 5.
• esifundeni kwezomnotho Northwestern. Siqukethe izifundazwe 4 futhi edolobheni federal - Petersburg.
• East-Siberian esifundeni. A isifunda ezinkulu kwezomnotho eRussia. Kuhlanganisa e isibalo samalungu alo republic 3: Buryatia, Khakassia futhi zaseTuva, le esifundeni sase-Irkutsk, neTrans-iBaikal futhi Krasnoyarsk Territory.
• Far Eastern District. Elikhulu kunawo wonke endaweni esifundeni kwezomnotho eRussia. Kuhlanganisa 9 zokuphatha izikhonzi Russian Federation.
• esifundeni North-zaseCaucasia. Nakuba le ndawo incane ngobukhulu kodwa kuhlanganisa inqwaba izinhlangano zokuphatha - 10. Lokhu republic entsha, ngenkuthalo belwela inkululeko yokuzimela.
• IVolga-Vyatka esifundeni kwezomnotho. Isifunda itholakala ngokuphelele ngaphakathi ezweni kanye akanawo imingcele yangaphandle. Kuhlanganisa: Nizhny Novgorod, Chuvashia futhi Kirov izifunda, Mordovia futhi Mari El.
• IVolga wesifunda kwezomnotho. Siqukethe 8 izikhonzi Federation.
• isifunda kwezomnotho Ural. Kufaka Perm, 4 izindawo, 2 republic - Bashkortostan futhi Udmurtia.
• Uhlu izindawo eRussia, lona wamuva kungenziwa ngokuthi isihloko ezikude kakhulu - Kaliningrad esifundeni.