IVolga - umthombo. IVolga - umthombo nomlomo. Somfula iVolga

IVolga - omunye wemifula ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni. Athwala amanzi alo ngokusebenzisa ingxenye YaseYurophu Russia nase agelezela yoLwandle iCaspian. Industrial ukubaluleka kufike emfuleni omkhulu, 8 nemishini ephehla ugesi ngamanzi, lokuthumela evuthiwe, ukudoba awakhele kuso. Ngo-1980 iVolga Yakhiwa ibhuloho, okuyinto kubhekwa isikhathi eside e-Russia. ubude esuka umthombo umlomo wonke 3600 km. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi kungamukelwa acabangele izindawo ukuthi singabakaNkulunkulu amadamu, ubude ezisemthethweni eMfuleni iVolga kulingana 3530 km. Phakathi kwabo bonke labo amanzi European ageleza yinde kunazo. On ke kukhona ezifana emadolobheni amakhulu njengoba Volgograd, Samara, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan. Lokho ingxenye yeRussia, eyakhelene umfula emaphakathi yezwe, ebizwa ngokuthi iVolga esifundeni. Kancane ezingaphezu kuka-1 million km ² ka emfuleni umcengezi. iVolga It usesikhundleni wesithathu engxenyeni European yeRussia.

Kafushane emfuleni

Ukudla iVolga kwenzeka ngenxa iqhwa, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba namanzi emvula. It libhekene entwasahlobo izikhukhula ekwindla izikhukhula kanye okuqukethwe amanzi ongaphakeme ehlobo nasebusika.

Frozen umfula iVolga, umthombo nomlomo okuyinto embozwe iqhwa cishe ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngo-Okthoba-November no-March-April, iqala iqhwa elisenyameni.

Ngaphambili, ngo-eminyaka lasendulo, wabizwa ngokuthi Ra. Kakade Ephakathi, kwabhekiselwa eVolga ngaphansi kwegama Itil. Igama samanje ukugeleza kwamanzi livela izwi e nolimi lwamaSlav, elisho Russian "umswakama". Kukhona nezinye izinguqulo igama iVolga, kodwa ukuqinisekisa noma ukuphika kubo kuze akunakwenzeka.

umthombo iVolga

IVolga, ogama umthombo asuka Tver esifundeni, iqala endaweni engamamitha 230 m. Emzaneni Volgoverkhovye kukhona iziphethu eziningana, okuyinto sebehlanganisiwe ichibi. Omunye wabo ekuqaleni komfula. Ngo sifinyelela layo elingenhla kugeleza emachibini amancane, futhi a amamitha ambalwa ngemva pass Verhnevolzhskie (Peno, Vselug, iVolga futhi Sterzh), okwamanje zimunye kwesigubhu.

ixhaphozi encane ukuthi ukubukeka kwazo akunakwenzeka ukuba izivakashi - ungumthombo the iVolga. Map, ngisho inembe kunazo, ngeke babe idatha ethile ekuqaleni ukugeleza kwamanzi.

umlomo iVolga

Umlomo iVolga kuyinto yoLwandle iCaspian. It ihlukaniswe yaba ngamakhulu amagatsha, kanjalo zakha isimiso delta ezibanzi, ahlanganise indawo engaba ngu-19 000 km ^2. Ngenxa lemali elikhulu amanzi kulesi sifunda isitshalo abacebe isilwane. Iqiniso ukuthi esizalweni somfula zibalwa kuqala emhlabeni kunombolo Sturgeon, liyazikhulumela. Lomfula kunomthelela eyanele izimo zezulu, okuyinto nomphumela ozuzisayo phezu yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene, kanye nabantu. Ziya ngokuya endaweni kuyathakazelisa futhi kusiza ukuba uchithe isikhathi sakho. Ukudoba kuyinto engcono kusuka April kuya November. Isimo sezulu kanye eziningana zezinto eziphilayo izinhlanzi ngeke bavunyelwe zabuya zilambatha.

izwe yemifino

Ngo amanzi iVolga sikhule lezi zinhlobo izitshalo:

• Amphibians (Susak, umhlanga, cattail,-lotus);
• amanzi egxilile (naiad, hornwort, elodea, Ranunculus);
• amanzi leaf elintantayo (lily, duckweed, pondweed, ziyadliwa);
• ulwelwe (hari, kladofora, hara).

Abantu abaningi izitshalo amelwe umlomo iVolga. Okuvame kakhulu sedge, umhlonyane, pondweed, spurge, halophyte, astragalus. Ezimfundeni sibaningi sikhule Tarragon, Sorrel, umhlanga utshani futhi cleavers.

River Delta, ebizwa ngokuthi iVolga, lapho umthombo akulona ocebile ikakhulukazi izitshalo siqukethe izinhlobo ezahlukene 500. Azisekho ezingavamile sedge, milkweed, lwebhece, umhlonyane Mint. Ungathola namakhakhasi futhi imihlanga. LoMfula amanzi ageleze izimfunda liphuma. Stripes kuyinto ehlathini. Yemithi yiwona ovame kakhulu willow, umlotha futhi Poplar.

emhlabeni isilwane

IVolga amumethe izinhlanzi. Kuyinto nezilwane eziningi emanzini, ezingafani kusuka nomunye ngendlela khona. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-70 zilwane, zazo 40 - lokudoba. Omunye owesincane izinhlanzi pool - pugolovka, ubude baso ingeqi 3 cm Lingase kudidaniswe ngunoshobishobi .. Kodwa enkulu - Beluga. Ubukhulu bayo ongafinyelela 4 m Kuyinto inhlanzi-legend :. Ingabe uyakwazi aphila iminyaka engaba ngu-100 futhi zibe nesisindo esingaphezu 1 ton. Into ebaluleke kakhulu i-roach, eyikati, Pike, Sturgeon, carp, perch, Sturgeon, bream. Lokhu akugcini nje inikeza yingcebo imikhiqizo izindawo ezizungezile, kodwa futhi akhishwe ngempumelelo kwamanye amazwe.

Sturgeon, Pike, bream, carp, eyikati, ruffe, perch, burbot, chub - zonke lezi abameleli izinhlanzi eziphila ekusakazeni okokufaka, nendawo yabo unomphela yokuhlala ubhekwa eMfuleni iVolga. Istok, ngeshwa, abakwazi ukuqhosha ezihlukahlukene ocebile enjalo. Ezindaweni lapho amanzi agelezayo kuyinto ukujula ezolile futhi engajulile, owakhiwe stickleback eningizimu - the gasterosteiformes ummeleli kuphela. Futhi kulezo zindawo lapho iningi has iVolga izimila ungahlangana carp, uncamela amanzi ethule. Sturgeon Stellate, i-herring, Sturgeon, lamprey, beluga angene emfuleni kusukela yoLwandle iCaspian. Kusukela endulo lo mfula kubhekwa okungcono for ukudoba.

Ungathola futhi amaxoxo, izinyoni, izinambuzane nezinyoka. On ngokuvamile amabhange zitholakala abacaphuni Umkhomo, pheasants, Ilanda, ahlanzekile agcwele izinhlanzi namahansi nomhlophe-tailed. Zonke lezi abameleli abasakwazi ezingavamile futhi zihlelwe ngokuthi ezisengcupheni. On loMfula iVolga ezindaweni eziningi evikelwe, zisiza ukuvikela izinyoni ezingavamile ekuqothulweni. Lapha wakha isidleke goose, amadada, teals futhi Amadada. Esikhathini iVolga delta bukhoma izingulube zasendle kanye kule asemaqeleni ezungeze - saiga. Isikhathi esining impela ngasolwandle zingatholakala iCaspian zamanzi, okuyinto zitholakala ngokukhululekile ngempela emanzini.

Inani iVolga eRussia

IVolga, okuyinto sivela emzaneni we Tver esifundeni, senzeka yonkana Russia. amanzi awo umfula uxhuma aseBaltic, uLwandle Azov, i-Black futhi White Sea, kanye Tikhvin futhi Vyshnevolotskaya izinhlelo. Esikhathini iVolga umcengezi ungahlangana emahlathini esikhulu emasimini ocebile eduze nihlwanyelwe ezahlukene izitshalo lobuchwepheshe kanye wokudla. Komhlaba kulezi zindawo evundile ezibe nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni ukulima kanye ikhabe. Kuyadingeka ukuba sicacise ukuthi esifundeni iVolga-Ural zikhona izimali ezifakwa uwoyela negesi, futhi eduze Solikamsk futhi iVolga - idiphozi usawoti.

Awukwazi phikisana iqiniso lokuthi iVolga inomlando omkhulu futhi ecebile. Uyilunga ngokwengeziwe wezenzakalo eziningi ezibalulekile zezombusazwe. Futhi namanje ufeza indima kwezomnotho kubalulekile, ngokuba mfula eyinhloko Russia, ngaleyo ndlela ngokuhlanganisa zibe munye kwezifunda ambalwa. Okukuwo zokuqondisa nezezimboni, eziningana emadolobheni-abayizinjinga. Yingakho lokhu kugeleza amanzi ibizwa ngokuthi kufike emfuleni omkhulu Russian.