ICaspian Ukucindezeleka: Incazelo kanye nezici

ICaspian Ukucindezeleka, isikhundla ezindawo ka okuyinto kunqunywa indawo lasendulo phansi kolwandle - sezwe ayisicaba elula flat komhlaba, ithambekele kakhudlwana usawoti echibini elikhulu kunawo wonke umhlaba - yoLwandle iCaspian. On the plain itholakala ezikhangayo eziningi imisuka ehlukahlukene. Izakhamuzi yokuqala kukhona Kalmyks.

incazelo emfushane

Le ndawo cishe ezomile, ngezinye izikhathi ukubona izintaba ezincane nasezintabeni. Kuyinto Small futhi Big Bogdo entabeni Inder. Izizathu iCaspian ukucindezeleka ubabonisa km angaphezu kwangu-700 ubude futhi km ububanzi 500. Kuthatha cishe 200 sq. km endaweni ngokuphelele. Okuvela ezinhlangothini eziningana elizungezwe amagquma saseVolga, ithafa Ural namagquma. Ugu lwase yoLwandle iCaspian enyakatho, Russian Plain e icala langasezantsi libe ngamawaka-empumalanga nasentshonalanga Kazakhstan - endaweni umngcele ngokuthi ukucindezeleka iCaspian. Kumephu ama- indawo yayo kungabonwa ngokunembile.

River kanye udonga inethiwekhi ampofu. Eliphansi siqukethe ubumba nesihlabathi. Ukuze impumuzo zensimu libhekene ukuhamba ungqimba lomhlaba, okuyinto kuhambisana ukukhula gullies, sinkholes, ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi.

amanzi maphakathi nezwe

elisezansi iCaspian ewela imifula eziyisithupha ezinkulu (Ural, iVolga, Terek, Emba, Kuma, Sulak) kanye yamanzi ezincane ezimbalwa. Kugcine isizini ihlobo ngokuvamile wome ngokuphelele, ukwakha iqoqo imigodi. IVolga - the omningi futhi ezinde kunazo zonke emfuleni emathafeni. Ziphiwa zonke ukusakaza aqueous kungenxa iqhwa komhlaba. Eziningi zalezi amachibi ziyazithokozela, kodwa kukhona futhi anosawoti. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke usawoti echibini yezindawo - ke Inderskoe echibini, nendawo ethize 75 sq. km.

izici kwesakhiwo

ICaspian Ukucindezeleka, okuphakama kwawo kuyahlukahluka ikakhulukazi ngaphakathi 100 m, Ubuye sibalo aphansi, okungukuthi icala langasezantsi libe ngamawaka liyophuma amamitha angu-25 kuphela isakhiwo Geological zensimu yakhiwa kwezinkulu eziningana zomhlaba :. Ergeninskoy upland, iCaspian ukucindezeleka okukhulu, kanye Nogai , Terek. Uma insimu yase-Araba Ugcwalise unaphakade amanzi olwandle, ukuze ubumba kwesokunxele bese loam ezifakwa evela enyakatho futhi sandy - kusukela eningizimu.

Abahlukile Baer knolls

ICaspian Ukucindezeleka has a ezincane nezinkulu izimbobo emazinyweni, izizalo zemifula, izindawo kwamagoda, izigodi ngasogwini - Baer knolls kuyoshaya umugqa. Baqala phakathi imilomo imifula Kuma futhi Emba. ukuphakama yabo kuhluka 10 kuya 45 m, ubude imayelana 25 km kanti ububanzi - 200-300 m Ibanga phakathi emikhulu Baer izindunduma -. 1-2 km. Lokhu kumiswa impumuzo afana eyayenziwe eyenziwe namagagasi olwandle. Iziqongo emithambekeni yazo ebanzi futhi emnene. Chaza kubo kungaba ezahlukene, ngenxa ukwengeza monotype. Esimweni sokuqala, basuke embondelene isihlabathi pozdnehvalynskim futhi okwesibili - ubumba rannehvalynskoy, isihlabathi baprofetha ngasikhathi sinye.

Imvelaphi yalezi izindunduma ibingakazeki. Kunezindlela eziningana imicabango:

• Eyokuqala zazo - kuwumphumela a shallowing yoLwandle iCaspian.
• Esikhathini yesibili ukhuluma Lokudabuka zomhlaba.
• Ubufakazi wesithathu amachibi Glacial.

Kodwa kukhona izinsolo ukwehluleka balezi zinguqulo. Ngenxa indawo Baire hillocks eduze nogu kukhona ushintsho isakhiwo sabo and definition. Ukulahlekelwa ezakheke eliseduze enyakatho, basuke esikhundleni ngeminye imifanekiso.

Isimo sezulu

ukucindezeleka iCaspian - endaweni lapho "izivakashi" unomphela kukhona anticyclones, okuyinto eza evela ekujuleni Asia. Kodwa nge zasezindaweni nzima, ngoba lena ezomile kakhulu. Ebusika kuqhathaniswa kanzima enesithwathwa kancane, izinga lokushisa kuhluka - ^mayelana 8 C ^mayelana -14 C. Ihlobo ashisayo anele kuleyo ndawo. Julayi lokushisa +22 ... +23 ° ^C. ohlangothini eningizimu-asempumalanga ye-ukuwa 150-200 mm imvula, futhi enyakatho-ntshonalanga - 350 mm. Ukuhwamuka 1000 mm. Humidification alwanele kakhulu. Zinomoya elomile uthuli iziphepho. Bakha amagquma ngokuthi amagquma.

inhlabathi Izici

ukucindezeleka iCaspian, noma kunalokho layo, babe imibala eziningana ezivela brown ukukhanya brown ehlane-asemaqeleni. Umhlabathi wakhona nosawoti kakhulu. Itholakala enyakatho asemaqeleni nge cereal umhlonyane, eseningizimu kukhona lulwimi ezingwadule futhi ogwadule, lapho ikakhulukazi sagebrush. Phakathi ezweni ubuswa emadlelweni. umhlabathi olimekayo ihlanganisa engaphansi kwengama-20% kule ndawo, ikakhulukazi iVolga-Akhtuba kwemfunda. Lapha zikhula amaselwa, ingadi, zemifino zikhula. Esikhathini uwoyela negesi Ural-Emba sezisunguliwe eduze ukukhiqizwa uwoyela negesi e amachibi Elton futhi Baskunchak ithebula usawoti ikhiqizwa. Futhi Baskunchak Gypsum ocebile namathempeli ngokhonkolo namatshe, okuyiqembu ukukhiqizwa minyaka yonke ongaba amathani 50.

emhlabeni isilwane

On izilwane zasendle ehlaselwe nezilwane aseYurophu. plain iCaspian enyakatho kuhlale ferrets, marmots, raccoon, amagundane, amanzi. athuthukiswe kahle izinhlanzi ukudoba: Sturgeon, stellate Sturgeon, nabanye. Izilwane eyigugu amaningi abhekwa njengokudla lwezimpawu zendawo. Osebeni lomfula, ku Turgai amahlozi ezihlukahlukene evamile yezinyoni, kukhona ekhaya ukuze nezinyamazane, izimpungushe, onogwaja eared, jerboa, igundane, larks.