Izinga lenzalo yemali mboleko ku ezifakwa emabhange. Lapho inani elihle kunawo zenzalo yokuzigcina ezifakwa

Iningi lethu dream ukuphila yenzalo evela imali kanye lutho. Wonk 'umuntu ufuna ukuhamba, ukuzijabulisa bese ukufunda okuthile okusha, kodwa musa ukuchitha isikhathi sakho ku lo msebenzi. Namuhla kukhona amabhange amaningi aseRussia linikeza amakhasimende ayo ezihlukahlukene idiphozi. Ngasinye isikhungo sezezimali rates abo nemibandela ukubeka imali. Ukuze kubatshalizimali Into esemqoka - khumbula ukuthi liphezulu kakhulu zenzalo yokuzigcina imali - kunobungozi, ngoba amabhange ukuthi unezinkinga zezimali, ngeke ikukhokhele kakhulu. Akubalulekile ukuphupha ukuthi uzokwazi ukuphila esithakazelweni wedwa, kudingeka sicabangele ukuwa kwamandla emali, yokuthi ukuthola imali enhle kusukela idiphozi udinga wafaka kuye isizumbulu semali.

Inzalo imali kanye nezinhlobo imali

Zonke amabhange ukhokhe izimali zabo izimali ngendlela isithakazelo, ngoba ukugcina imali yabo siqu e yezezimali. Ngokusho umthetho isiRashiya, inzalo idiphozi ibalwa nsuku zonke. Basuke ikhokhwe ngokuvumelana inkontileka phakathi depositor futhi ibhange (kanye ngenyanga, ikota, izinyanga eziyisithupha, ngonyaka owodwa, njalo njalo. N.). Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-kwezinhloso zenzuzo ukubala:

1. Simple - lapho isithakazelo likhokhelwa ku-akhawunti ehlukile ye-iklayenti. Ukutlolisa kwenzeka esikhathini esibekiwe esivumelwaneni.
2. Inxanxathela - lapho isithakazelo likhokhelwa kuya nosonhlamvukazi. Kafushane, emzimbeni idiphozi njalo ngenyanga noma emva kwezinyanga ezintathu kanti kwengezwe kwinani nasithakazelo idiphozi.

Ngakho, uma uvula idiphozi ebhange ngesikhathi esifanayo kanye isilinganiso efanayo-ke, kuye ngokuthi indlela ezithakazelisayo ukubala, inani lokugcina imali yakho zizohluka. Ngokuvamile, wetimali kwezinhloso zenzuzo uhola ngaphezulu, ngenxa lemali niyozenezelelwa emzimbeni idiphozi bese lingezelelwe. Linganisela esisemanzini yasebhange ngayine inezidingo zayo, incike ukusungulwa kwenqubomgomo kanye nesidingo imali ebhange. Into esemqoka ukuba depositor - hlola idumela isikhungo (futhi kuleli zwe lanamuhla kulula), futhi kuphela ke anqume ku nokutshala izimali.

Kuze kube yimanje, amabhange Russian ukunikela emabhange abo kukhona izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko imali:

• Ithemu idiphozi.
• Nanini (ngokufunwa) umnikelo.
• Savings idiphozi.

Yehluka nomunye eziningi izakhiwo futhi babe nezici eziningi.

idiphozi term

Ithemu idiphozi - iyona nokubekwa imali ebhange isikhathi esithile, okuyinto elicacisiwe inkontileka, okwathi ngemva kwalokho depositor angahoxisa imali yabo kanye nenzalo. Kodwa kukhona okunye ukukhetha - isikhathi idiphozi. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyisisekelo idiphozi term: yesikhathi esifushane (1 - 3 izinyanga), medium-term (3 - 9 izinyanga) kanye nasesikhathini eside (izinyanga ezingaphezu kuka-9). Ngokuvamile, isikhathi eside isikhathi, aba maningi intela noma izimali ezifakwa emabhange. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umuntu owenza lolu hlobo idiphozi iyona enenzuzo kakhulu zimali, ngoba amabhange ukukunikeza eziphezulu zenzalo yokuzigcina ezifakwa gama. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, awukwazi kuthuthukiswe uma ufisa ukuthatha imali yakho ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa isithakazelo.

Umnikelo kungenziwa ikhishwe in ruble futhi izimali zakwamanye amazwe.

funa idiphozi

idiphozi unomphela - idiphozi ukuthi enze izinto ngaphandle noma nini izingqinamba. izinga layo ebaluleke kakhulu wukuthi ungakwazi ngasiphi isikhathi ukuthola imali kusukela isikhungo sezezimali emuva. Izinzuzo funa idiphozi zihlanganisa angenamkhawulo eshalofini impilo izidakamizwa kanye nokwenzeka ukuhoxa ngaphandle ukungasathandi. Ngu nebubi - amabhange amancane 'zenzalo ku imali.

Njengomhlaba idiphozi term lingavuleka levulekile in ruble futhi izimali zakwamanye amazwe.

Savings idiphozi

Savings idiphozi - umnikelo ukuthi wenziwa isikhathi esithile, ngokuvamile iminyaka embalwa. Ngaphansi kwesivumelwano, umnikazi noma ngasiphi isikhathi idiphozi izimali ku-akhawunti, kodwa ayikwazi ukususwa kuze kube sekupheleni kwethemu. Izinga lenzalo yemali mboleko ku ezifakwa yalolu hlobo zitholakala endaweni ethile phakathi phakathi intela eside uphoqe imali.

Ukuvula i-akhawunti kungaba in ruble futhi izimali zakwamanye amazwe.

Imali in ruble

Kuwo wonke amazwe emhlabeni lwemali kazwelonke bezilokhu wacabangela enenzuzo kakhulu, hhayi ngaphandle, futhi WaseRussia. Namuhla, amabhange Russian ukunikeza amakhasimende omningi izinhlelo idiphozi in ruble. Linganisela esisemanzini isikhungo ngasinye sihlukile, lishintsha njalo, kokubili isiqondiso okwandisa futhi ngincipha. Ngokwezibalo, amabhange esitebeleni ukunikela isilinganiso emakethe senzalo ku imali. Namhlanje, isilinganiso senzalo emakethe - kuba 9 -11% ngonyaka. Kukhona Yiqiniso, lesi sikhungo semfundo ephakeme lapho ungakwazi idiphozi futhi eneminyaka engu-19%, kodwa kakhulu inani lenzalo kubonisa ukuntengantenga yebhange. Ngokwesibonelo, amazinga e imali Savings Bank lwemali kazwelonke kusuka 8,41 kuya 10,52% (amaphesenti kuncike isikhathi okomnikelo), kodwa futhi idumela isikhungo wezinga eliphakeme kakhulu.

Imali kumadola

Izakhamuzi eziningi ukugcina imali yabo e izimali zakwamanye amazwe. Imali ezivame kakhulu kuleli Russian Federation, ngaphezu ruble - kuyinto zamadola. Abantu abaningi, ngenxa ukwehla of the ruble, zama ukuthenga lwemali nge njalo Iholo. Ngakho-ke, inani Takhamuti telive letfu zilungele ukuvula ezifakwa enkulu ngokwanele kumadola. Yebo, inani lenzalo lapha ephansi kakhulu kunalokho lapho umnikelo lwemali kazwelonke, kodwa izinga lokushintshisana uwela, ngokulandelana, lwemali US lukhula. ERussia kukhona eziningi amabhange enkulu, okuyinto ukukunikeza ngesilinganiso ezinhle isithakazelo ekuvulweni nomnikelo kumadola. Izinga ezimaphakathi ezifakwa emakethe namuhla, ezisukela 4% kuya ku-6% ngonyaka. A izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• "VTB 24": kusuka 3,22% kuya 5,55%.
• "Gazprombank": kusukela 3.70% kuya 5.00%.
• "Ibhange lase-Moscow": kusuka 3,22% kuya 5,61%.
• "Raiffeisenbank": kusuka 3,53% kuya 5,73%.

Inani intshisekelo kwedola imali, kanye ezifakwa in ruble, kuye ngokuthi isikhathi nokubekwa kwezimali. Ngokwesibonelo, cabangela izinkondlo, zenzalo yokuzigcina ezifakwa kule Savings Bank.

• Idiphozithi 6m:. 4,19-5,05%.
• Idiphozithi ku 1 g. 3,4-4,13%.
• Idiphozithi ku 2 g. 3,35-3,78%.

Lapha kubalulekile ukuba ukhethe ngayinye futhi acabangele esingakanani uzimisele nemali.

Imali Euro

euro lwemali baba abantu ethandwa abaningi eRussia eRussia muva nje, kodwa njalo ngonyaka ukhetha ukulondoloza imali kulo. Amabhange ozama njalo ukuhlangabezana zimali, ngakho uthanda ukusebenza zonke izinhlobo zezimali ezinkulu (dollar, euro, umina). Imali euro zingahlelwa cishe kuwo wonke isikhungo sezezimali eRussia. Linganisela ezifakwa ngalolo hlobo lwemali incane, kodwa njengoba dollar, i-euro uyaqhubeka ukhula. Namuhla, obumbi isiRashiya, Ruble devalued, ochwepheshe abaningi ukweluleka izakhamuzi ukugcina imali yabo ungaphakathi izimali zakwamanye amazwe. A izibonelo ezimbalwa amanani currency angaphandle ezifakwa:

• UKULONDOLOZA: kusuka 3,08% kuya 4.95%.
• "VTB 24": kusukela 3.12% kuya 5.34%.
• "Gazprombank": kusukela 2.50% kuya 3.10%.
• "Ibhange lase-Moscow": kusukela 3.12% kuya 5,21%.
• "Raiffeisenbank": kusukela 2.53% kuya 3,02%.

Yebo, isithakazelo lingaphansi kuka for imali in ruble ngisho lwemali US, kodwa abaningi ababeka phezu euro amathemba okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Isilinganiso Idiphozithi amabhange Russian

Siphila emhlabeni lapho ukubufihla lutho, ngakho ukuthola ulwazi mayelana ebhange Russian umane. Ungaya ku-intanethi uphinde ubuke konke unesithakazelo. zimali wayevame ukufuna amabhange izilinganiso eRussia, futhi kulapho izilinganiso imali enenzuzo kakhulu e ruble futhi izimali zakwamanye amazwe. Ngokuvamile, izinhlangano ezahlukene ukuhlola emakethe futhi udale etafuleni, okhombisa sipho nenzuzo kakhulu kusukela izikhungo. Uma sicabanga nje imali isikhathi unyaka 1, isilinganiso e 2015 ngalendlela lelandzelako (kusukela phezulu kuya yehlisa zenzalo):

1. "PSB".
2. "Ekhaya Credit Bank".
3. "Alfa-Bank".
4. "UniCredit Bank".
5. "Uralsib"
6. "Raiffeisenbank".
7. "Rosselkhozbank".
8. "Rosbank".
9. Bank "Russian Standard".
10. Sberbank.

Ngayiphi lwemali ukugcina imali yabo?

Umnotho Russian namuhla akuyona ku okuhamba phambili kwe-isigaba saso, kwakukhona ukwehla okukhulu of the ruble, amanani enyuka nenkokhelo ame. Abantu abaningi bazibuze lo mbuzo: "Ngo-okuyinto lwemali ukugcina imali yabo," Kodwa alikho impendulo elula. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi kubalulekile ukuba ukuthenga zamadola euro, ngoba Yiqiniso sikhulela njalo. Abanye ukweluleka ukuvula ezifakwa lwemali kazwelonke, ngoba izinga ku ezifakwa ezinjalo aziwona. Ngamanye samuntu munye, futhi kukhona izinhlangothi emihle nemibi. Into esemqoka ukuthi udinga - ukunquma ngalokho ohlela ukuchitha lemali anqwabelene, bese kuphela zimisele ne lwemali.

ERussia kukhona lenqwaba amabhange ezahlukene kanti izikhungo zezimali. Bonke ozama ukuyengela ukuze ngokwabo kakhulu ngendlela amakhasimende kungenzeka futhi ukuthi inwebe idiphozi futhi ngemali yalo iphothifoliyo. Wonke umuntu ezweni lethu uzama imali eningi ukuze bazondle ngokwabo nemikhaya yabo futhi inzalo. Kubantu abaningi, imali baye esiyingxenye ebalulekile imali yabo. Imali ebhange amazinga asivumela ukwandisa lemali lebesitibekele yona futhi ugweme ukwehla kwamandla emali. Ngiyavuma ukuthi ukuze uthole okwengeziwe ngo-10% ngonyaka ukuze imali yakho singakabi sibi kangako.

Ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kuyinto oholela kangcono ukutshala imali ebhizinisini. imali yilowo otshale izimali kungaba kuze kufinyelele 35-40% ngonyaka, kodwa kukhona abasengozini yokulahlekelwa yikho konke. Ukuze abantu abavamile, kokuba iholo elincane akuyona inketho, kuphephile ukuvula idiphozi. Ngaphambi kokuba babhaliswe, into esemqoka ukuhlola ukuthi ngabe yasebhange ilungu State Idiphozithi Insurance System (cishe zonke izikhungo zezimali, sifaka). Phela, uhlelo iziqinisekiso bonke ubuyela 700 000, kufaka inzalo.