Yini ushayele ibhungane obomvu ne amachashazi omnyama?

Abantu abaningi zibabaza izinambuzane akazange zokusola ukuthi ezinye zazo ezibangela umonakalo omkhulu ukuze izitshalo yezolimo. Ubude emhlabeni kukhona angaba yizinkulungwane 760 izinhlobo izinambuzane ezehlukene, ezihlanganisa mabhungane -. Bangaphezu kuka-300 eziyinkulungwane.

3 suborder lihlukaniswe mabhungane lamabutho - amabhungane lasendulo, ezidla kanye raznoyadnye. Esikhathini sokuqala, ngokucebile emelelwa esikhathini esidlule, kukhona kuphela zinhlobo nedlanzana ezimbalwa ekhona namuhla, kodwa isiqalo sokubala isikhathi abanye ababili. Phakathi ezihlukahlukene okunjalo oluhlaza ivelele ngokumelene isizinda mabhungane obomvu namabala amnyama, futhi aba amaSheshi, abamnyama namabala abomvu.

Isihloko inikeza ulwazi kuvamile begodu njalo kubo.

ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana amaphutha

Ngaphambi sibheka indlela abizwa ngokuthi mabhungane obomvu namabala amnyama, siyazi ukuthi kukhona izinambuzane - mabhungane.

Lona zinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu futhi eziningi zezinambuzane ezihlala cishe zonke izindawo ezweni namanzi - emathafeni ase-, izingwadule, izintaba, amahlathi, amanzi ahlanzekile, ngisho endlini yomuntu.

mabhungane Ngaphandle kuyahlukahluka ababukeka ngosayizi. Abanye abantu ukuthi ungowosizi ngakho-ke abakwazi ukubona ukuthi, abanye, ezifana ibhungane goliath, ongafinyelela 15 amasentimitha ubude.

mabhungane Avilable

ibhungane obomvu namabala amnyama emaphikweni (evezwa isithombe ngezansi), kanye nazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo mabhungane, inezici yayo kwesakhiwo. The main lolwehlukanisa mabhungane - phambi eqinile futhi kube lukhuni fenders (noma izimo iphiko), esimweni eligoqiwe akha igobolondo chitinous evikela umbhangqwana zikanokusho yesibili wamaphiko - ezinolwebu.

Kuleli zwe izidalwa eziningi kangaka abafuna ukuba adle mabhungane ukuthi kwadingeka ukuba uthole yesibili chitin kanzima zempi ukuvikela umzimba. Njengazo zonke izinambuzane, mabhungane anezinye ikhanda, thorax (esiswini) nasesifubeni. Imihlathi yazo (amabhangqa amathathu) zinezikhathi amandla kakhulu futhi ubunzima. mabhungane Iningi umbono omuhle, kodwa ikakhulu bancika izitho nokuzwela touch - izimpondo zitholakala ezinhlangothini amakhanda abo.

Inhliziyo ayiswe lapho esiswini, futhi ivikelwe okuqinile ubambo ipuleti (pronotum). Futhi eziqukethwe isisu ipheshana emathunjini, isisu kanye wonke umgudu wokuphefumula.

mabhungane abaningi babe amabili namabhuzu amaphiko, zazo esetshenziswa fly aphansi, zifihlwe awulutho ngaphansi elytra chitin. Ngaphambi ukundiza, amacala ibhungane iphiko kuphakamisa, bese kuphela zibhebhetheka obucayi, amaphiko mncane.

Njengasekugumbuqelweni nezinye izinambuzane, mabhungane anezinye 6 imilenze esesiqwini sesihlahla thoracic.

Umkhaya Ladybugs

Lezi cute izimbungulu kancane ujwayelene ngisho nezingane ezincane imbala. Basuke eyaziwayo ukungahlanganyeli kwabo yokwesaba abantu nombala yabo okukhanyayo.

ladybug esiningi eyaziwa (ibhungane obomvu namabala amnyama), eziyisikhombisa-nezimanakanaka, nakuba yohlobo lwazo ukuhlukahluka okukhulu.

Sekukonke, emhlabeni 5200 zinhlobo womndeni ladybugs ngokulandelana Coleoptera. Ngakho izihlobo zabo - izinhlobo eziningi of mabhungane. Abanye abantu umbala obomvu ne amachashazi omnyama, esikhundleni salo omunye amaphuzu izindawo ezimise ngendlela engavamile, futhi abanye - kukhona omnyama namabala abomvu. Kakhulu akuvamile, kodwa kukhona ladybugs ezinombala ofanayo, nge nombala omnyama.

incazelo ladybug

Lokhu mabhungane amancane obomvu namabala amnyama (isithombe kungabonwa ngezansi) enomzimba oyindilinga convex. Ingxenye engezansi yomzimba uqonde thwi. umbala ejwayelekile kuzo - red, omnyama ophuzi imibala okungafani. Inhloko incane. Imilenze zimfushane, mncane, abamnyama. Ubude yomzimba 5-8 mm.

Ngo sezulu libalele, lezi zinambuzane ukushisa-onothando abakhuthele: ukukhasa ngokushesha, ngokushesha suka uhlale phansi futhi izitshalo ziyofuna ukudla. Indiza esuka kubo Kulula kakhulu, okusheshayo futhi noiseless.

Ngokuvamile izisulu ladybugs - izinambuzane ezihamba kancane, futhi ngenxa yalokho abazingela kubo kuphela ukudla isisulu.

Distribution, ikakhulukazi

ladybugs Common emhlabeni wonke. Bahlala kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle Antarctica. Ladybugs akha ezivulekile nezimila herbaceous - izingadi, izimfunda, ihlathi imiphetho ngokwedlulele ukuthi lezizindawo zezikhotha, okungenani - yehlathi. Cluster yakha kuphela uma ubusika, futhi uhlala wedwa. Ziyofuna ukudla ukukhasa phezu amaqabunga neziqu zezitshalo futhi ingandiza ngisho olude.

I engavamile kulezi izimbungulu ukuthi lapho ingozi Zikhiphela ngempela ngokucijile ukunuka, ezinobuthi uketshezi aphuzi okucasulayo izitha. ezimbalwa kuphela zama-la mabhungane ziyingozi izitshalo. Abanye (zinhlobo okuzingela) ukubhubhisa mealybugs, aphid nezinye izinambuzane ezithwala psyllites yemifino kanye nezitshalo horticultural.

Hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi Ladybug - ibhungane obomvu ne amachashazi omnyama (isithombe ekubonisa). Ezinye zinhlobo ingubo ephuzi amachashazi amnyama, omunye abamnyama edwetshwe amachashazi abomvu. Kukhona ladybugs ngisho ezimhlophe! Konke lokhu - nentsha, Muva nje sibuya luphuma egobolondweni. Adult, Umbala evamile bona ukuthola ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa ngemuva kokubeletha.

zinhlobo

Phakathi kwezinhlobo eziningi ladybugs kukhona, njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, hhayi kuphela mabhungane obomvu namabala amnyama, kodwa omnyama obomvu umbala ku.

1. Korovka chetyrehpyatnistaya - Black ibhungane nge 4 izindawo ezinkulu obomvu elytra nomzimba ubude 6 mm. Leli fomu evamile ikuyo yonke indawo. Ayayona leli koloni sedentary izinambuzane okuyinto ncela ayo kusukela izitshalo: mealybugs, izinambuzane isikali noHermesi.
2. Adalia bipunctata - iyashintsha ngombala ukubukeka. Ngokuvamile lena mabhungane nge pronotum omnyama elytra obomvu, ngalinye linezinsuku ibala elimnyama. Umzimba ubude 5 mm. Hlehlisa (mabhungane kanti izibungu) aphid.
3. Ladybug Shirokolobov - ibhungane black namabala amabili abomvu phezu elytra. Umzimba embozwe 3 mm bude. Futhi izibungu nezinkubabulongwe zidla izinambuzane isikali kanye aphid, kanye umjikelezo ogcwele sokuthuthuka, omunye ibhungane ongabhubhisa izinambuzane angaphezu kuka-600.

ibhungane obomvu namabala amnyama

Isihloko sakhe bug isosha lesizwe. Lokhu isinambuzane obomvu eyaziwa cishe wonke umuntu, ngoba uhlala eduze indoda.

La mabhungane kokuba elikhanyayo omnyama abomvu Umbala, bangakhula babe ubude 12 kwangu. Abakwazi fly, ngakho akudingeki amaphiko. Nakuba zikhona ezehlukile.

Lezi ziphungumangathi zasondela lokhu ibhungane ibukeka ifana kakhulu izinambuzane omdala.

Sokusabalalisa ukuziphatha amasosha

Amabhungane bahlala Eurasia e izingxenye athokomele, futhi atholakala eNyakatho ye-Afrika i-Nyakatfo Melika. Bug kuyabonakala cishe yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka ngaphandle ebusika. Ikakhulukazi eziningi kubo entwasahlobo lapho ilanga lifudumeza kahle. Bahlala ngamaqembu amancane ezivulekile.

Izihlahla mabhungane obomvu namabala amnyama elingabhekiselwe amagxolo ubudala. Basuke esisogwini amabhodi agelezayo ku kwezitini ezindongeni, ngisho emakhaya kungabonwa ezindaweni zasemakhaya. Enkabeni yalo, lezi zinambuzane aliyona ingozi ngokuphelele.

Ukwakheka ukudla kwabo - izithelo, okuyinto wawa phansi, imbewu, isitshalo juice. sici lawo eliyinhloko ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi adle izihlobo zabo, lapho abahlala amakoloni enkulu.

Ekupheleni kwekwindla beetle nge emuva obomvu kanye namabala amnyama senziwe ebusika ngaphansi amahlamvu bawa, ngaphansi amagxolo ezihlahla futhi kwezinye izindawo, uvikelekile ezintweni umoya kanye frost ezinzima. Lapho amasosha ebusika ufake esigabeni omdala yomzimba wesinambuzane. Nature ubaniké kunuka kabi angenze izitha zemvelo.

Meloidae Schrenk

Ngu beetle obomvu ne amachashazi omnyama akunakubangelwa ibhungane - Meloidae Schrenk. Kuyinto kalula ngokubonakala yaso eyingqayizivele elikhanyayo. Nadkrylniki ke obomvu noma orange ngombala, ngemivimbo evundla namabala amnyama. Ukuqina komzimba enoboya lihlukile.

Ngezinsuku libalele, la mabhungane kuyabonakala ehlezi eyodwa noma abantu abambalwa ku izimbali. ngokuvamile kancane nevilaphayo. Lezi ziphungumangathi zasondela babe mobile ezingaphezu kuka abadala. Ekujuleni isikhonyane Iqanda pods bedla amaqanda abo.

Lezi zinambuzane lethiwa ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi ushevu (cantharidin) eziqukethwe igazi labo, ecasula kakhulu esikhumbeni futhi kubangela ukubukeka Bubbles yamanzi (abscesses). Kungase kwenzeke ukuze isilwane kugwinywe nge utshani ibhungane, agule abese efa.

isiphetho

Phakathi ukuhlukahluka esikhulu mabhungane ngokwemvelo esiseduzane abantu ladybugs ngokusobala emnandi futhi cute ukuphi.

Nabo lihlotshaniswa ebuntwaneni, lapho mabhungane ngokwabo ahlale ngaphandle kokwesaba ezintendeni zezandla yezingane, kanye izingane wababuza undize uye "nebko" ukondla izingane. Lezi zinambuzane ezinhle zihlale isihloko intandokazi izingane, ngoba kalula ukuyohlolwa.

AmaNgisi ezifana Umbala ladybug ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo: obomvu iyisikhumbuzo ngesifiso kaKristu, futhi amachashazi amnyama abahlangene kwemihelo eziyisikhombisa Our Lady.