Impahla yobuhlakani nezamabhizinisi njengesizathu esinomthelela zokukhiqiza

Ngesisekelo emnothweni okuqanjwa kabusha iqoqo izici, ebaluleke kunazo zonke ezivela emsebenzini bokusungula, isinyathelo entrepreneurship njengesizathu esinomthelela zokukhiqiza. umkhuba International wafakazela ukuthi ibhizinisi khulula njengesizathu esinomthelela zokukhiqiza kanye imikhiqizo womsebenzi bokusungula namuhla lwefa ezibaluleke kakhulu kwanoma iyiphi inhlangano ibhizinisi.

isikhundla alawula yohwebo emhlabeni orientation bokusungula amafemu kanye bezinkampani ukuhlinzeka ukudalwa ubuchwepheshe yesimanje kanye nokuvikelwa abo angokomthetho izimakethe ethembisa. Ukulwela ukukhipha okukhethekile (patent) amalungelo ubuchwepheshe obusha, izindlela ezintsha zokwenza ibhizinisi, ikhompyutha wokusebenza kanye ne-software, kanye nezinye izixazululo ezintsha. Imininingwane njengesizathu esinomthelela zokukhiqiza isiphenduke lezimpahla eyigugu kakhulu, ifa okuyinto isihluthulelo sempumelelo kwezomnotho. Esikhathini umnotho emisha yezici ukukhiqizwa kuyinto ibhizinisi ezintsha, kanye ifa empahla.

Ukudala sethubeni elihle yokuncintisana kufinyelelwa ngokwandisa amafa angaphatheki ezinkampanini (patent namadizayini zezimboni, izitifiketi zokuhweba, njll), ukwakheka iphothifoliyo patent ukuze wandise ukuhlanganiswa amalungelo akhethekile ukulahla wadala empahla. Ithola amalungelo akhethekile bokusungula imikhiqizo impahla evumela umnikazi ngempumelelo ukumaketha izimpahla zabo kanye nezinsizakalo izimakethe, ukuvimbela ukukopisha zabo izimbangi ukuthola imali eyengeziwe kusukela ukudayiswa amalayisensi. Ibhizinisi like yokukhiqiza noma ukulawula izici endaweni ekhethekile lapho wonke umsebenzi ecacisiwe Ubonakala nakakhulu isikhundla lidlondlobala. Isizathu salokhu wukuthi indlela ezintsha eziningana emazweni kuye kwaholela ekwakhekeni wemboni entsha yohwebo emhlabeni - impahla emakethe bokusungula. Isigaba ezanda komkhakha imele yokuhwebelana amalayisensi amasha ubuchwepheshe, software ubunjiniyela kanye lobuchwepheshe amasevisi Consulting, okubandakanya izinhlelo ukuze exchange futhi ukudluliswa bokusungula imikhiqizo impahla.

I-annual ukukhula rate la masevisi akhawunti cishe 10%. Uhwebo Ziyanda amazwe zibandakanya lobunikazi ubuchwepheshe. Le nkampani e-South Korea, zaseChina, eSingapore, Brazil, India nakwamanye amazwe. Kutfutfukisa futhi emakethe Russian kwempahla yengqondo. Kodwa, ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma corporations global futhi amabhizinisi endleleni okwandisa share capital nabanengqondo futhi gxila ukudalwa Noma kunalokhu kuvikeleka kwezomthetho futhi inzuzo bokusungula imikhiqizo impahla, iningi izinhlangano zasekhaya commercial nesayensi zibonise iphansana kanye patent nomsebenzi amalayisense, ukungasebenzi kahle bachithe amalungelo akhethekile yi OIC. Of kubhaliswe ku 01.01.2011 patent isinyathelo% 33 kuphela patent ngonyaka lisetshenziswa esisebenzayo mayelana 10% kuphela ezisunguliwe wadala (ngokuvumelana nezinye izinto ngisho aphansi), mayelana 5% kuphela izimpahla kanye nezinsizakalo kufanele ukuvikela ngokusemthethweni ezweni ukuthekelisa, ngaphansi kuka-1% ezisunguliwe lobunikazi by inqubo yokubhalisa ngamazwe. Ngo-2010, kuzo zonke izivumelwano ilayisensi, kwaba: 19 aqukethe lo mshini lobunikazi (4%), imodeli ewusizo 22 (4.7%), amasampula zezimboni 6 (1.3%), kokuxazulula 79 (16.9%), lezimpahla izimpawu 331 (70.7%). Mayelana 80% ilayisensi izinkontileka esiphakathi izakhamuzi zezwe, okukhombisa ukuthi kuphela eba emakethe yasekhaya ukuhweba ilayisensi nezamabhizinisi, njengoba isici zokukhiqiza, ukuthuthukiswa kule ingxenye akwanele.

izinkinga nokugcinwa Noma kunalokhu kuvikeleka kwezomthetho kwemikhiqizo emisha ubuchwepheshe ukuthekelisa, lo inzuzo le OIC Nelungelo angaphandle nokudayiswa amalayisense impumelelo yasekhaya zihlobene yokuntuleka kwezimali ucwaningo nentuthuko, ukuncishiswa ivolumu zoxhaso isayensi nokuphathelene nezezimboni, ukuntuleka kwezinsiza ukuthola isivikelo esingokomthetho emazweni angaphandle , rawness izindlela emakethe ukugqugquzela abalobi nezinhlangano ukudala OIC, ukuntuleka kwengqalasizinda Institute yesimanje ellektualnoy futhi ekuhwebeni.

Ukuze ukuxazulula izinkinga yalezi, kufanele:

- ukuhlinzekela igunya ngezimali amaphrojekthi zobuchwepheshe eyabelwe kobuholi ukubaluleka amasu nokuthengiswa okwandisa, uhlu okuyinto kuhle ukuchaza uhulumeni isimemezelo esikhethekile;

- ukunciphisa isilinganiso sentela imali izinhlangano emisha-asebenzayo afika ku-10%, ukuxolela izinhlangano amabhizinisi amancane kanye naphakathi ekukhokheni intela engenayo;

- uqede intela kwempahla angaphatheki lala mafu ngesitatimende phezu kwamabhuku emininingwane OIC;

- ukuze sikhuthaze indalo kanye nokuthuthukisa ingqalasizinda ezintsha imisebenzi, kuhlanganise ubuchwepheshe amapaki, iyindawo ibhizinisi, ibhizinisi dolobha nezinkampani, izinhlangano ezincane ezintsha ngokusebenzisa umnikelo ezweni labo kanye nempahla bezinhlangano eziphethwe uhulumeni, izikhungo yesayensi kanye zemfundo;

Kubonakala kufaneleka ukuthuthukisa:

a) emafloshadi (imodeli) le inzuzo emisha ehlanganisa we OIC emkhakheni ubuchwepheshe okusezingeni eliphezulu neseluleko esisebenzayo izinhlangano kwezomnotho.

b) zokundisa ukudayisa kanye ukuthengwa amalayisense ukuthuthukiswa zobuchwepheshe eliqukethe lobunikazi izixazululo lobuchwepheshe, kwezobuciko kanye nomklamo.

c) imihlahlandlela for ukusetshenziswa okubanzi yesimanje brand ubuchwepheshe ukuthuthukisa ukuncintisana imikhiqizo kanye izindleko ibhizinisi.