I engagqwali ukupheka? Welding ubuchwepheshe, imishini

I engagqwali ukupheka - umbuzo uwukuthi ngempela olufanele ukuze umkhakha yesimanje. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lolu hlobo steel - material kunalokho okuhlala, ngakho nokwelashwa kwayo has umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama athile. Khetha Welding indlela incike ukushuba amalunga, futhi ukubunjwa amakhemikhali.

Insimbi engagqwali. Izici Key

Insimbi engagqwali - carbon nensimbi ingxubevange, doped nge chromium. Wokuqukethwe enkulu isici yokugcina ihlinzeka ukumelana kwezingxenye endaweni egqwalisayo. I-Chromium oxides bakha ifilimu okhethekile okuvikela okuyothi ngalo metal isizinda azigcina ukumelana layo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, steel elixutshiwe ne-nickel, ayibe, titanium. Inzuzo main iyona ukumelana insimbi engagqwali nabo abezindaba nolaka, namandla high, ngokulandelana, futhi isikhathi eside wokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, steel has a ukubukeka ezinhle yobuhle.

Izakhiwo Welding steel ukumelana ukugqwala

Le nto has a isandiso esikhulu komugqa. Ngenxa yalokho, ngo-umthelela ezishisayo kungaba deform workpiece, ukushintsha Ubukhulu bayo. Ukuze ugweme lesi simo, kufanele banamathela igebe elikhulu phakathi izingxenye axhunyiwe. Isenzo ukushisa kungaholela yokuthi amaningi ingxubevange steel ilahlekelwa impahla yayo, ukugqwala ukumelana incipha. Kulokhu, lo umphetho weld kumele selehlile ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi. I ongaphakeme conductivity ezishisayo of okuhlinza kudinga ukunciphisa kwamanje cishe 25%. Libuye ilungelo lokukhetha Welding electrode, kusukela obuphelele olukhulu Ishisa yabo kungenzeka. Enye inkinga - ukubukeka carbides refractory phezu, ukugqwala intergranular.

Izindlela ngoba insimbi engagqwali ukupheka

Zikhona izindlela eziningi ukugqwala ukumelana steel Welding. Nge ukushuba metal ezincane (1.5 mm), kungcono ukusebenzisa Welding arc (igesi engaxubani namakhemikhali). I engagqwali ukupheka ukujiya ingaphansi kuka-0.8 mm? Kulokhu, indlela ishayela arc. izinsimbi Izacile nazo ngokujoyina spray arc impahla. Bayanda esetshenziswa plasma Welding indlela. It singasetshenziswa anhlobonhlobo workpiece ukujiya. izigaba Cross kuka 10 mm ngaphansi ibhola abilisiwe yokucucuza. Enye zisebenzisa omsakazo kubekwa uphawu, laser indlela.

Argon Welding impahla

Le nqubo ithatha indawo igesi imvelo zokuzivikela - argon. Kuvikela impahla nokusondelana umoya-mpilo. Ngo lwemidlalo arc ekhethekile Kumiswa phakathi workpiece kanye electrode tungsten. Ngo inqubo amalahle emaphethelweni kuthiwa elicibilikile, lapho ivikelwe ngasechibini weld. I arc nayo njalo ondla wire esikhethekile Welding insimbi engagqwali. Ikhishwa inqubo uxhumano uqobo ku-90 °. Ukuze nqampuna umhlabeleli lomsebenzi kufanele sikhiphe nobe ngusiphi ukunyakaza oscillatory we electrode. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka umphetho mahhala slags. ekhuthaza okunjalo isezingeni eliphakeme, ukuqina, kuhambisana nazo zonke izimfuneko yobuhle. Welding engagqwali igesi esetshenziswa izimboni eziningi: zamakhemikhali, okulungisa ukudla, yezimoto, zezindiza, amandla uhlelo. Phakathi nemibi izindleko eside kungenziwa abelwe inqubo. ubuchwepheshe futhi kudinga amakhono akhethekile kanye nakho abasebenzi.

Izinsiza kusebenza for TIG Welding

Okokuqala, kulolu hlobo kwakwakhe metal inverter edingekayo. ukulungiswa Kwalo model abaningana :. "Svarog", KEMPPI Master, BRIMA, njll Izinzuzo esemqoka umshini operation lula, usayizi amancane nesisindo, arc esitebeleni. Inverters ingasetshenziswa Welding cishe zonke izinsimbi, zezakhi kuyoba izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu. Indlela apheke engagqwali inverter nokuthi kubalulekile ukuba acabangele? Okokuqala, kumelwe sithathe ukusebenza lokushisa ububanzi ilungile. Abanye onobuhle azisebenzi endaweni evulekile emakhazeni. Kuyadingeka ngokucabangela umbuso wezwe iyunithi. Ukuze ukusetshenziswa yasendlini ezifaneleke inverter enemisinga kuze kufinyelele 160 A (isb, "TIG SVAROG 200 P", PRO TIG 200 P) ngaphambi imininingwane uxhumano aziphothula, degreased. Kuyadingeka Welding kanye isilinda igesi nge argon. Nakuba practice ke kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa igesi alulaze. Ngu igesi hose sikaphalafini enamathiselwe, lapho umnikazi sifakwe tungsten electrode. Isibambo sikaphalafini zikhona izinkinobho ngoba usinika zamanje kanye negesi. Kuyadingeka futhi Welding wire kusukela impahla efanayo izingxenye kokuzalela.

Kanjani semiautomatic Welding

I insimbi engagqwali ukupheka imoto ekhaya? Kulokhu, evame ukusetshenziswa semiautomatic Welding indlela. Kungenzeka endaweni zokuzivikela futhi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa igesi. Ezisetshenzisiwe izinkampani imoto semi-automatic futhi ezinkulu, okubonisa izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu amalunga ashiselwe. Electrode kanye impahla yamathebhu kulokhu ucingo ekhethekile. Usebenza imishini ngezindlela eziningana: i-arc esifushane, ukudluliswa spray, Welding pulsed insimbi engagqwali. Ubuchwepheshe inikeza umsebenzi futhi ngaphandle avikele igesi, kodwa kulokhu kubalulekile ukukhetha powder electrode ekhethekile. Le ndlela kufanelekile ukusebenza emoyeni. Asikho isidingo ukuthenga (futhi, ngokufanelekile, ukuchitha extra imali) igesi isilinda. It has kusimo yayo - ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, joint weld ungase nokugqwala. Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe batusa nokho ukusetshenziswa electrode esikhethekile Welding insimbi engagqwali futhi afeze usebenzisa argon. Namuhla, kukhona izinhlobonhlobo eziningi kokubili semi-automatic yasekhaya ( "FEB", "Svarog"), futhi ukukhiqiza angaphandle (BRIMA, EWM, TRITON, njll). Ukukhetha apharathasi kuncike imisebenzi, weld ivolumu kanye nezici izinto azihlanganisa.

Ukusebenzisa Welding electrode

I engagqwali ukupheka, uma izidingo ethize ikhwalithi weld ayitholakali? Ngokuvamile, endaweni yasekhaya, lapho yokuxhuma amapayipi yazo zonke izinhlobo, ekukhiqizeni yabadobi, futhi elifushane umphetho Welding electrode sisetshenziswa. Ingqikithi yale nqubo Ukwakheka kwezitho ekhuthaza we indaba workpiece kanye electrode metal. kalula ukusebenza akunakubangelwa izinzuzo su, ikhono ukuxhuma ngezinto ezihlukahlukene (njengoba mncane futhi elikhulu cross-section). Asikho isidingo ukusebenzisa igesi ukuthi kunciphisa tindleko inqubo. Futhi Welding electrode kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba akhulume nalowo muntu athi ezindaweni okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo wengxenye. Kukhona nemibi ezithile lobu buchwepheshe. Okokuqala, weld kudinga ekususweni slag okuholela. Okwesibili, ijubane Welding uphansi.

Indlela ukhethe electrode kwabashiselayo

I electrode insimbi engagqwali kabanzi okwesikhathi elibona nxazonke ukugqwala ukumelana Alloys ukuthi usebenze ngamazinga ashisa kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, izinduku ekhiqizwa ngesisekelo-nickel, i-chromium. Ngezinye inhlukano arc Welding ezimbili izinhlobo electrode kungenziwa kusetshenziswa. Eyokuqala - usebenza DC imigomo. Kumila elingenamikhono ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa magnesium, i-calcium carbonates. Zokushisela electrode nge rutile ongasebenza nge zamanje kushintshana. Lapho Welding usebenzisa argon isicelo izinduku ahlukahlukene tungsten. Ngenxa okusezingeni eliphezulu izinga lokushisa lokusebenza, abazi lincibilike. Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo eziningi zazo. electrode Green (WP) aqukethe tungsten okumsulwa. Zinikeza sezingeni eliphezulu arc ukumelana. White - WZ-8 - zirconia doped. oxide cindezela yengezwe electrode abomvu. Le ngxenye yiqoqo ezivamile, izinduku abe ukumelana. Futhi kule electrode tungsten ingase ihlanganise lanthanum, cerium.

Ukwelashwa amalunga eziphothene

Emva kokuqeda i-inhlangano izingxenye ezidingekayo ukuze umphetho ahlanzekile. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ukuze uthuthukise ukubukeka, ihlala isikhathi eside. Kungenjalo ukugqwala singenzeka kule ndawo. Okokuqala, it lucwaningo yokuhlanza mechanical we weld. Okuningi aesthetically olumnandi uxhumano iphuzu unakekela sandblasting. Esigabeni esilandelayo kuhilela ukugaya ebusweni. It is hhayi Kunconywa ukusebenzisa Abrasives corundum, njengoba kungase kumkhathaze ukugqwala. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi zonke lezi manipulations okuhloswe ngazo ukuthuthukisa ukubukeka ingxenye. Vikela weld kusukela incithakalo iyoba pickling, passivation. Etching - a ukwelashwa surface obukhethekile ejenti zamakhemikhali ukuphazamisa amanyela sekukhona. Lapho passivation sisetshenziswa phezu kwalapho into ethile. Ngosizo lwawo livela ifilimu zokuzivikela (chromium oxide).

Laser Welding indlela Alloys

Eyodwa yezindlela uxhumano yesimanje kakhulu futhi yempucuko - laser Welding insimbi engagqwali. Ingqikithi le ndlela liqukethe usebenzisa ugongolo laser njengoba umthombo bafudumale. Welding ezahlukene ezifana ngesivinini, lokuhlushwa eliphezulu amandla at kwalapho. umphumela Thermal endaweni okuyinto iseduze omhlophe webhola, okuncane. Ngakho-ke, ingozi kushisa noma kubanda kwemifantu ubuncane. A umthungo, okuholela, libhekene amandla awo, porosity ku-intanethi. Kungenzeka futhi ukuletha kwalapho kuhlangana khona izakhi alloying, igesi ukuzivikela. Kusukela electrode Welding bengekho, omhlophe webhola engakutholi uxhumano angaphandle. Laser Welding ingasetshenziswa ngisho ubucwebe, kusukela zonke emalungeni umncane, lihlale isikhathi eside. I ethile kuphela - imishini ngempela eqolo, ngakho ukusetshenziswa omkhulu izikhungo ezinjengalezi akunakwenzeka okwamanje.