Eyokuqala uMthethosisekelo wase-USSR: okuqukethwe nomlando

Ukuqala 1920 kwaphawulwa kwavela mbuso wezwe omusha in the kwezepolitiki - i-USSR. UMthethosisekelo lokuqala eU.SSR kwavunyelwana emva kweminyaka 2 ngemva kokudalwa kuka eSoviet Union.

Isethi yokuqala imithetho emisha isimo esayinwe Januwari 1924. Yingaleso sikhathi-ke ngaleso Congress wesibili abaseSoviet yamukela uMtsetfosisekelo wokuqala wase-USSR, okuyinto umthetho ubushiqela yesigaba sabasebenzi.

Futhi, umthetho wokuqala eziyisisekelo babonakalisa yokuphila exubile kweSoviet Union kanye sizindza lesicinile kwamandla Soviet. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uMthethosisekelo wokuqala wase-USSR wamukelwa yohulumeni bangaphandle ngaphandle ukuphikisana.

Yini eyenza ukusungulwa lokhu umzimba umthetho? Njengoba yaziwa, iCongress lokuqala abaseSoviet evunyiwe Simemetelo ukudalwa zase-USSR, futhi ngo-January 1923, ncamashi unyaka owodwa ngaphambi Ukwamukelwa koMthethosisekelo lokuqala, 6 amakomiti ukuthuthukisa nokulungisa umbhalo sekhodi esizayo kwemithetho yasungulwa. Umthethosisekelo wokuqala isakhiwo elandelayo:

• owokuqala kwesigaba: Simemetelo kumiswa eSoviet Union ;
• esigabeni sesibili: iSivumelwano liqine eSoviet Union.

Ingxenye yokuqala echazwe izimiso zokujoyina iSoviet Union ngo-namanye ama-republic. Izimiso zimi kanje: voluntariness nokulingana.

Ngaphezu lezi zimiso, uMthethosisekelo lisho ukuthi kungenzeka revolution emhlabeni kanye division zomhlaba kwaba amakamu amabili: kosozimali nekamu sezenhlalo. Ingxenye yesibili soMthethosisekelo eU.SSR lalinabashumayeli izahluko 11, eyayibonakala evunywe elingenamikhono izingalo, ifulege futhi inhloko-dolobha eSoviet Union, ilungelo republic lelitimele, izinhlinzeko zoMthetho Executive Committee, Bureau nezinye iziphathimandla.

UMthethosisekelo lokuqala eU.SSR kwadingeka okulandelayo oluvelele inkomba izinto:

• inqubomgomo angaphandle futhi ukuhweba;
• ukuthuthukiswa kwemithetho eziyisisekelo;
• ukuphathwa / ukuhlela isabelomali isimo kanye nakwezomnotho;
• imibuzo empi / ukuthula.

Eyesibili USSR uMthethosisekelo kwavunyelwana engu-12 kamuva, wadonsa kwaze kwaba ngo-1977.
Wawunodonga igama lalo: ". UMthethosisekelo zokubusa ngesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni enqobile" "UStalin wathambisa isandla uMthethosisekelo" noma Yini liyashunyayelwa idokhumenti entsha zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa? Okokuqala, wathi ukunqoba zokubusa ngesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni e-USSR. Okwesibili, waqinisekisa nokulinyazwa kwempahla yangasese kanye nokwethulwa alinganayo suffrage jikelele. Isimanga siwukuthi kodwa soMthethosisekelo ka 1936 ekunikeza abantu inkululeko yabezindaba, yokuhlangana, inkulumo kanye imibuthano, futhi bangasephula ekusithekeni izincwadi. Abamele zonke izinhlangano zomphakathi kanye nesimo ngaphansi koMthethosisekelo ka 1936 kwaba Zonke-Union iCommunist Party of amaBolshevik. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kuze 1977 soMthethosisekelo sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi usuku Disemba 5 - lolu suku lugujwe ube ngumkhosi bonke abantu. Ngo-1962 Khrushchev Kwakuwumsebenzi ukuze kubukezwe umthetho main wezwe.

UMthethosisekelo lokuqala eU.SSR yanyatheliswa ngo ekuqaleni kuka-1924. Kwakuwusuku ikhodi yokuqala Imithetho yombuso omusha, amandla amasha enkulu. Kodwa indaba yakhe encane kakhulu: Umthethosisekelo engu-12 kuphela lokuqala Soviet has eliphakeme zomthetho eSoviet Union, khona-ke siye sabuyekezwa yesula.