Gustav Klimt: Painting, lokusungula, biography. Okwenza imidwebo Gustava Klimta?

Omunye abadwebi edume kakhulu esikhathini esidlule kuba Gustav Klimt, ogama imidwebo bayindlala kakhulu namuhla. Ngeshwa, umsebenzi wakhe hhayi okungaka, futhi sekukudala zonke benendawo amaqoqo enhle kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Kodwa lapho isimangaliso kwenzeka, wafaka bazosidayisa imidwebo yakhe, izindleko zabo fabulous.

Biography Gustava Klimta: esizoqala

Le ndoda, namuhla ogama lakhe ajwayelekile kuwo wonke umuntu, nezihlakaniphi, wabelethwa dolobha Austria, edolobheni Baumgarten. Gustav owazalelwa Julayi 14, 1862, kwaba ingane yesibili ngaphansi akhawunti. Uyise wayengumGreki umdwebi, womqophi kanye abakhandi, amakhono ukuze zonke izingane zakhe eziningi wanikeza afunda. Umndeni wawuhlala e ubumpofu, kodwa lapho ngineminyaka engu-nane ithalente abasha ingena esikoleni kwezobuciko futhi sokufundela amakhono omsebenzi. Kube Gustav Klimt, ogama imidwebo bazongena esitelekeni wonke, ngaphandle kokukhetha, wafundela izinkanyiso ezifana uFerdinand Laufberger uJuliyu Victor Berger. Ngemva kokufunda iminyaka embalwa esikhungweni efanayo futhi langena umzalwane umculi omncane - U-Ernest. Ndawonye, babhala iSivumelwano ekumeni yezakhamuzi wekuvana izithombe ithengiswe guilder eziyisithupha. Lokhu kwaba nomholo wabo wokuqala ezimele.

Izinyathelo zokuqala ubuciko

Ngo-1879, umdwebi Gustav Klimt, umfowabo uFranz von Matsch ukuhlobisa egcekeni Vienna Museum of Art Umlando, bese bathola oda wabo wokuqala omkhulu. Nge Uphahla lwangaphakathi zaveza we Stureny sigodlo ( «allegories ezine") futhi ukugeza e Carlsbad kusondela isitayela esiyingqayizivele, okuyinto izoba imidwebo Gustava Klimta kwemisebenzi nezinye abadwebi. Ngakho-ke, a trio abaculi iyeke ukusebenza ndawonye, futhi bathunyelwa ngamunye uhambo lwakhe siqu ngokusebenzisa ukuphila.

Thola isitayela sakho

Umculi Klimt wathola cishe ngokushesha ukuqashelwa afune izinto ngenkani kwabanye emphakathini. Onesandla uMbusi Frantsa Iosifa, uyathola Golden Cross amasevisi kwezobuciko emva kokuphothulwa komsebenzi Burgtheater. Ngakho-ke, inkosi ihamba kuya Izwe Elidala, ngesikhathi okuya ku Munich Venice. Lokhu walolu hambo wamnika okuningi okuvelayo kanye ugqozi ukusebenza.

Lapho usuqedile yokudweba ezitebhisini grand Metropolitan Museum of Art Umlando, Gustav isuka zezemfundo umdwebo imikhuba. Indlela yakhe ekhethekile ukusebenza kakade ithole ifomu kwalo okuphelele. Eminyakeni eyalandela, umculi Gustav Klimt, ogama imidwebo abe iphupho ngasiphi ngalendoda, uba yilungu "Union of Fine Arts." Kodwa ebhekene ukulahlekelwa esindayo 1892: kuqala, uyise eshona, bese umfowenu u-Ernst. Ngo-1894, Klimt, kanye nembangi umlingani waseFrance Match ukuhlobisa University of Vienna phambi Gustav abasebenze amahholo Hungarian Esterhazy Castle.

Recognition phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe

Sebenza ingaphakathi izakhiwo, ikakhulu ngesikhathi kubulawa izithombe ziyimifanekiso, ikhono ezintathu "Philosophy", "Jurisprudence" futhi "Medicine" utshelwa umculi ukudweba imidwebo. Wasungula e Vienna "Secession" bese uba ngumengameli wayo, wabhala namathafa sakhe sokuqala futhi uyawuthanda expressionism. Imidwebo Gustava Klimta naleso sikhathi elinesimo uthando KaMose, esibonisa amafomu Ornamental. Lesi isici esasenza master nasesikhathini esizayo.

Gustav Klimt, ogama imidwebo kwanikezelwa indondo igolide eWorld uMbukiso Paris (yokudweba "Philosophy"), Beethoven kudala yasezindongeni. Kwakuthinta umsebenzi wakhe ngo-1902, usikhumbula kahle exoxa ngazo umphakathi, yena bayahlonishwa Rodin. Master luhamba e-Italy, kuthiwa, lalela ke. Ngo-1908 umculi ihlelwe show yakhe siqu, lapho afike akhokha khona imidwebo elishumi elinamithandathu. Ababili babo babehamba ngokushesha zitholwa izikhungo onegunya - Gallery Modern Art eRoma futhi Austrian National Gallery.

In Paris, Klimt abavakashele ngo-1909, wazana ngemisebenzi Toulouse Lautrec, Van Gogh, Gauguin, Matisse, Munch, Bonnarta. Ngemva konyaka wathatha ingxenye lesishiyagalolunye Venice Biennale, imidwebo yakhe "Ukufa Nokuphila", okwakubekelwa kuyancomeka ngesikhathi Isentha Umhlaba 1911 eRoma. Ngemva umculi waphinda uqala on uhambo lonke elaseYurophu.

Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila umdwebi omkhulu

Naphezu uthando lomphakathi, umsebenzi Gustava Klimta wagxeka expressionists. Ngemva kokushonelwa unina ngo-1915, umdwebi ekhetha ngokuya amnyama umbala Palette. Waqhubeka nengxenye Fairs odume kunayo yonke emhlabeni, iba yilungu zokuhlonipha we Academy of Art eMunich Vienna, wabhala imidwebo wobuciko. Umculi ibulawa yisifo senhliziyo Februwari 6, 1918, ushiya inombolo enkulu imisebenzi sidle. Ngemva kwakhe ukushiya le ukuphila nezinye abaculi olukhulu isikhathi.

"I Kiss" Gustava Klimta - Umdwebo edume kakhulu umculi

Le ncwadi ibhekwa njengeBhayibheli omunye the best phakathi amakhosi ifa. Yaqalwa ngo-1907 futhi ngokushesha ngemva isethulo yathengwa nguHulumende-Austria-Hungary. Ngokomzwelo, akhangayo "The Kiss" Gustava Klimta neyaziwayo njengoba azifihlwa iningi Umdwebo emlandweni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Yini ekhethekile ngale ke?

On the ngendwangu kunezinhlobo ezahlukene izinhlobo amaphethini: kusakazeka ezimibalabala, chitha curls, checkerboard motif amabhokisi abamnyama, abamhlophe futhi oluhlaza, isiqophamazwi sokulalela, arabesques, ezimazombe ethandelayo. Abstraction ka izingcezwana naturalistically bachaza izibalo, imihlobiso kwendle ubukeka ngokunethezeka nje ngemuva segolide. Lezi zithandani uvezwa phakathi nendawo, wavele ahlanganisiwe e ngokwanga abanothando. KaMose izingubo abathandi kuphela ukuthuthukisa umphumela izinkanuko Glow adalwe wizadi ngemininingwane zokuhlobisa nekuphikisana ezijulile oluxube ezwakala ingokoqobo. Ebhekana namaqiniso kakhulu ngesineke wentombazane ubuso, izandla nezinyawo. Kodwa izingxenye zomzimba sizungezwe, kanti kwezinye izindawo ihlanganiswa ngokuphelele, izindiza nge motifs abstract ehambelana nombala onjani ku indwangu emhlabathini.

Isithombe format umculi eziyizintandokazi - sikwele. Gustav engayinaki umkhathizwe nokujula wensimu, ihamba ingemuva kanye ngokoqobo isikhathi samanje. Ngakho, ngokwanga lover abafana namantombazane ozuza endaweni yonke.

Umfanekiso "le Kiss"

Gustav Klimt, ogama imidwebo njalo anencazelo, futhi "Kiss" wasebenzisa umfanekiso. Ngakho, Uma unganakile, konxantathu idwetshwa izingubo amadoda sinokubaluleka Ornamental kuphela. Kodwa lokhu izimpawu sobulili sowesilisa, amelela isimiso besilisa. Bona uhlangane ne isifazane, ibethelwe e motif kwi nokugqoka abesifazane. It lemiklamo, imibuthano kanye ovals ukuthi kubhekwe izimpawu bokubeka Izitho zangasese zesifazane. Lokhu Inyunyana kuyinto izinhlobo obunobunye futhi eyingqabavu ukuphila futhi uyaqhubeka wakhe.

Ukudweba "The Kiss" - esingavamile ngempela futhi kushaqisa. Njengazo zonke umsebenzi odlule, kwakudingeka abalandeli bayo nabaphikisi abanolaka. Kodwa noma kunjalo kuba limelela iphuzu esiphezulu okubizwa ngokuthi inkathi yokuchuma umculi. I-movie waba liwuphawu saseVienna Secession, mesmerized yi kukhanya segolide, Ukuvusela pritushennym (ngoba amehlo evulekile uvele izandla kuphela, izinyawo nobuso ubuningi), i-ubumsulwa sobala.

Cherchez la femme, noma ufune owesifazane

motif Izintandokazi Gustava Klimta abaningi kwakungabantu besifazane nemizimba yabo. Wayethanda ukupenda izigcawu asuselwa ezinganekwaneni, izinhlamvu kweBhayibheli, nonkulunkulukazi-Olympic, Nymphs namantombazane abavamile owaba ethereal. Njengoba lizungezwe izwe ukukhanya segolide (imisebenzi eminingi ubuhlakani kwadingeka nje ngemuva langa enjalo), babebonakala enhle yobuhle, enhle futhi iheha ngesikhathi esifanayo. Njengetshe umculi beqiniso ezikhulekelwa wobulili fair, ukwesaba kwakhe kwaphezulu, Ukwanelisa inkanuko, nezimfihlakalo futhi nesifazane.

Emidwebweni kwakhe ngesineke abesifazane ezinqunu, bese kuphela owembethe imizimba yabo fabulous izingubo eziyigugu. Okumangazayo amagugu eshaywa, eligeleza izinwele, elikhazimulayo isikhumba futhi silky ayetholakala igqoka gossamer wadala nesilingo, esehlanganise umzimba nqunu.

Fatal lady ubuhlakani

Kwekhulunyaka umculi sathatha bonke nemibono engqubuzanayo kwenkathi. Wayefunda i-enhle futhi wesimanje, futhi kuvezwa imidwebo yakhe. Yena ngesineke abantu bangempela hhayi kuphela, okuyinto, isibonelo, kwaba Sonja Knips, ogama portrait ngesikhathi esifanayo eveza ikuphi ukudlala, ubumsulwa, ixhala nesifo reverie. Ngasinye image Gustav lady - rock. Ngo "Uthando," ubuso Heroine sika eba yiqhwa e-ecstasy amnandi, kodwa isithunzi ngemuva eyayisondela. Phela, abafana namantombazane kulindeleke ubudala ngaleso sikhathi ubudala futhi ukufa. Isibonelo esimangalisayo ubuhle zinjalo imidwebo elandelayo: "Mermaid," "Fish Golden", kokubili izinguqulo "UJudith", "Amanzi Snake". Okugcwele wefilosofi ezijulile futhi umsebenzi "Amathathu Ages of Owesifazane", okukhombisa ntombazanyana, owesifazane bokuphila nobuhle, kanye isalukazi.

Into ezithakazelisayo wukuthi inkosi ayizange washada, nakuba kwakudingeka amanoveli eziningi. Mhlawumbe akamtholanga enhle wakhe ...