Esikoleni Neoclassical ka monetarism

Njengoba sekunama-umsebenzi we "inkolelo-mbono Jikelele imali, umsebenzi, futhi iphesenti" imibuzo Keynes sika abaningi besikhathi sethu, kungase kubonakale sengathi ukuba sezixazululiwe. Umsebenzi ezikhonjwe izimbangela zezinhlekelele kwezomnotho, ukuntengantenga komnotho omkhulu, wathola zokutadisha yokulondoloza ukuthuthukiswa komnotho, inqubomgomo kudingekile yemali kanye nenhlangano of izimali. Ngesikhathi esifanayo emkhakheni wezepolitiki Keynesianism baba uhlobo "ibhuloho 'uxhuma ngokuphepha futhi sezenhlalo emakethe umnotho ngosizo ngendlela isimiso okulula" share isimo "ku inqubo esemthethweni. Ngakho, imibono Keynes 'kuthiwa organically angena nomqondo Kuhlangana kancane kancane uhlelo sezenhlalo kanye emakethe.

Nokho, kulezi zindlela ziye ayitholakalanga ukwesekwa nokuqonda sababekholelwa Orthodox wemakethe khulula, sandla ukubuyiselwa ubulungiswa emphakathini kanye yakhoibrium kwezomnotho. ukugxekwa okusebenzayo kwe Keynesianism zazivela abalandeli bakaJesu bekhulu lokuqala zabuna, ezifana Smith, Malthus nabanye, futhi kamuva alandela yabo ekhulwini 19-20 (Pigou, Marshall, Menger). Lokhu kwasebenza at a baxgeki umqondo olusha. Ngakho, ngaqala ukwakha neo-classic ithiyori kwezomnotho.

Okuvame kakhulu kanti ezinengqondo namuhla-ifundiso monetarism. Ibe isilandelwa ukubaluleka isifundiso enikezwa umnotho. Liphinde kubhekwe yezindawo yokufundisa.

esikoleni Neoclassical wezomnotho, okuyinto ubhekwa owaziwa Friedman ikhuthaza izimiso ka liberalism kanye nezimakethe khulula. Emibhalweni yakhe, uProfesa ngokhahlo ugxeke kobushiqela kanye umkhawulo kwamalungelo wobuntu.

esikoleni Neoclassical ka monetarism kwamiswa emva isifundo kunalokho omude Friedman komgomo wokuboleka amabhange ngezimali American. Uprofesa baphetha ngokuthi imali kuphela sinenai. Imali, ngokombono wakhe, - iyona quintessence kohlelo umnotho. Lokhu kwabangela igama yokufundisa - monetarism. Lesi sikole neoclassical ukuthuthukisa umqondo, eyayisekelwe umqondo ambalwa yemali Fisher. Friedman enamathiselwe kakhulu ekulawuleni ngobungako imali ejikelezayo. Wayekholelwa ukuthi buyindlela yokuletha ushintsho ukuziphatha ejenti kwezomnotho.

Friedman, sibe nzima nomqondo Fisher ukuthi uma uguqula ubuningi zemali in kwegazi zizoshintsha namanani esephetha zibalo yakhe. Esikhathini Umqondo oyisisekelo ke uzonginika izingxenye ezengeziwe. Ikakhulukazi, zibalo yakhe aqukethe eziguquguqukayo ezengeziwe ezifana isibopho senzalo, ngesilinganiso ushintsho ezingeni intengo, imali ku ukwabelana namanye nemingcele. Ngakho, i-neo-classic monetarist esikoleni ukusekela isikhundla sabo, eyayintula kokungafani okukhulu kusukela ukutolika Keynesian.

Friedman babekholelwa ukuthi isizathu esiyinhloko we okuzisholo (imali) iholo khulumela ushintsho nokusakazwa imali. Kulesi ubuhlobo, ongagcini phakathi lokuqala nelesibili wabonakaliswa nge kwesikhathi esinqunyiwe ezithile (lag).

Ngakho, nakuba ngokungangabazeki ukunciphisa inani lemali ivolumu ukukhiqizwa kuyehla emva eziyisithupha kuya nambili izinyanga. Khona-ke, ngemva okuvela igebe phakathi sangempela abangaba amavolumu ukukhiqizwa nokuncipha ezingeni intengo, njengoba umthetho, ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha noma nambili.

Ngenxa usayizi lag - iminyaka engaba ngu 1-2. I-lag Kwenzeka okufanayo phakathi ushintsho inani lemali futhi kube inkomba yokuthi isithakazelo ebhange. Khulisa lokuqala kuyilapho ekwehliseni izinga sokuqala wesibili, okuyinto lihlotshaniswa isifiso abanikazi "okungalé" ezezimali ukuqeda kubo (Finance). Ngenxa yalokho, iqala ukuthenga izibopho ngesikhathi imali njalo okuyinto ezinophawu ukwanda kwamanani yabo ngesikhathi kwehliswa iphesenti ebhange.

A engxenyeni ethile "okungalé" ezezimali izosetshenziselwa ukuthengwa umthengi kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali izimpahla, nezinye izinhlobo izibambiso. Konke lokhu kumqhubezela ku ukwanda umsebenzi ibhizinisi. Lona umqondo oyisisekelo okukhuthaza esikoleni neoclassical ka monetarism.