Rhythm in eziphilayo. Inani isigqi yemvelo. biorhythms

Isayensi ukuthi etadisha rhythmicity emkhakheni wezinto eziphilayo, kwavela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu XVIII. Umsunguli wawo ubhekwa udokotela German Hristofor Vilyam Gufelyand. Nge ukunikezela isikhathi eside yayo isigqi yemvelo yomzimba kubhekwe ukuba akuyi ngetintfo izinqubo zangaphandle cyclical, ngokuyinhloko Ukujikeleza eMhlabeni uzungeza ilanga futhi kuma-axis awo siqu. Namuhla chronobiology ethandwa. Ngokwe-theory evelele kuyo, kubangela jet Lag kukhona kokubili ngaphandle ngaphakathi emzimbeni ukhonkolo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinguquko okuphindaphindiwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi akuzona abantu esiyingqayizivele. Bona igcwale wonke amazinga eziphilayo - amangqamuzana kuya uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli.

Rhythm in eziphilayo: definition

Ngakho, impahla ndaba esinye sezici eyisisekelo abahlala ndaba. Rhythmicity eziphilayo singachazwa ngokuthi umfutho iyehla iyenyuka izinqubo kanye izimpendulo bokuphila. Kuyinto ushintsho amaphephabhuku we isimo endaweni uhlelo eziphilayo ezivukayo ngaphansi isenzo yezici zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. Okubhekiselwa kuzo nangokuthi synchronizers.

Biorhythms, akuncikile yangaphandle (esebenza ohlelweni ngaphandle) izici endogenous. Exogenous, ngokulandelana, ungaphenduli nomthelela yangaphakathi (ngaphakathi uhlelo olusebenzisayo) we synchronizers.

izizathu

Njengoba sekuphawuliwe kakade, uma nisanda lokuqala ukwakheka isayensi entsha isigqi eziphilayo kubhekwe ukuba luye kuJehova kuphela. iziphi izici zangaphandle. Esikhundleni lo mbono lafika umbono yokuzimisela yangaphakathi. It izici zangaphandle inikezwa indima ezincane. Nokho, abacwaningi washesha baqonde ukubaluleka eliphezulu zombili izinhlobo synchronizers. Namuhla, kunenkolelo yokuthi eziphilayo isigqi wokuphila, endogenous ngokwemvelo, iyashintsha bedle imvelo bangaphandle. Lo mbono kuwumgogodla multiostsillyatornoy imodeli yokulawulwa kwezimboni izinqubo ezinjalo.

Ingqikithi yale theory

Ngokusho lo mqondo, endogenous zofuzo zahlelwa izinqubo oscillatory bathonywa synchronizers zangaphandle. Inani elikhulu of oscillations yangaphakathi Rhythmic we amaningi eyakhelwe ngendlela ethile phezulu. At inhliziyo yesondlo kwakhona izindlela neurohumoral. Bavumelana ubuhlobo isigaba isigqi ezahlukene: izinqubo unidirectional zenzeka synchronously futhi akuhambisani ezisebenza antiphase.

Konke lokhu umsebenzi Kunzima ukucabanga ngaphandle ezinye uhlobo oscillator (umxhumanisi). Kulesi theory zikhona izinhlelo ezintathu ezihlobene inter-zokulawula: indlala pineal, le pituitary nezindlala adrenal. indlala Pineal kubhekwa endala kakhulu.

Kucatshangwa e eziphilayo, emi rungs engezansi ukuziphendukela kwemvelo, le ndlala pineal inendima enkulu. Anikwe lona, i-melatonin ikhiqizwa ebumnyameni futhi ezidabula ukukhanya. Eqinisweni, wayelindele kwazisa bonke amaseli phezu isikhathi sosuku. Lapho eyinkimbinkimbi yenhlangano pineal ndlala uqala ukudlala indima yesibili, enikeza igunya we nuclei suprachiasmatic we ngxenye. Ubudlelwano obuphakathi ukulawulwa isigqi yemvelo kokubili izakhiwo akuyona ixazululwe kuze kube sekupheleni. Kunoma ikuphi, ngokuvumelana theory, banezizathu "umsizi" - nezindlala adrenal.

izinhlobo

Zonke biorhythms zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• Ngokwendlela umzimba owakheke ngayo amelela ukuhlukahluka izinhlelo ngazinye umzimba;

• kwemvelo noma oluhambelana kudingekile ukuzivumelanisa njalo ezishintshashintshayo zendawo eziphila kuyo.

Kuphinda iyona ngezigaba ezihlongozwayo by F. Halberg Chronobiology. Isisekelo ukwehlukana isigqi yemvelo wathatha isikhathi sabo:

• High imvamisa kunyakaza - kusukela imizuzwana embalwa ihora;

• Ukushintshashintsha imvamisa isilinganiso - kusukela isigamu sehora izinsuku eziyisithupha;

• ongaphakeme imvamisa kunyakaza - kusukela ezinsukwini eziyisithupha kuya onyakeni owodwa.

Izinqubo yohlobo sokuqala - is ukuphefumula, nokushaya kwenhliziyo, umsebenzi kagesi ubuchopho nezinye isigqi ezifanayo biology. Izibonelo medium-imvamisa kunyakaza - iguquka usuku lonke umzimba, ukulala futhi sihlale siphapheme. Uhlobo lwesithathu kuhlanganisa iyehla iyenyuka zonyaka, isigqi yonyaka kanye enqunywa ngokuthwasa kwenyanga.

Kwangaphandle kuya synchronizers ngabanye zihlukaniswe kwezenhlalo kanye ngokomzimba. Okokuqala - lokhu namazinga nsuku zonke isimiso kanye ezahlukene yokutholwa emsebenzini, ekhaya noma emphakathini wonkana. synchronizers Physical inikeza ushintsho imini nobusuku, amandla emasimini kagesi, lokushisa ekushintshashintsheni, umswakama nokunye.

desynchronization

Isimo umzimba okahle kuphakama lapho biorhythms yangaphakathi usebenza ngokuhambisana nemibandela zangaphandle. Ngeshwa, akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi kunjalo. Isimo lapho kukhona ukungafani isigqi yangaphakathi futhi synchronizers zangaphandle, ngokuthi jet lag. Iphinde likhona izinguqulo ezimbili.

Yangaphakathi desynchronosis - Iphutha izinqubo ngqo emzimbeni. Isibonelo esivamile - siyabhubha sokulala wake isigqi. desynchronosis kwangaphandle - a misalignment ka isigqi yangaphakathi yemvelo, kanye nezimo zemvelo. ukwephulwa ezinjalo zenzeka, isibonelo, endleleni komunye umkhawulo wesikhathi kwenye.

Desynchronosis obonakala njengenhlangano izinguquko imingcele bokuphila ezifana blood pressure. Ubizwa ngokuvamile ehambisana nobutha ukucasuka anda, ukungabi esesuthi, ukukhathala. Ngokusho Chronobiology, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, yisiphi isifo - umphumela ukungafani izinqubo ezihlukahlukene oscillatory.

Diurnal isigqi yemvelo

Ukuqonda izinqubo bokuphila logic iyehla iyenyuka ngokufanele ukwakha umsebenzi. Ngalo mqondo, lenani eliphakeme ikakhulukazi isigqi yemvelo owawuthatha ngosuku. Zisetshenziswa ukucacisa ngempumelelo umsebenzi, niphumule, futhi ukuhlolwa ngokwelashwa, ukwelashwa, ngisho kukhethwa izidakamizwa umthamo.

Emzimbeni womuntu ngosuku - inkathi ekushintshashintsheni inqwaba izinqubo. Ezinye zazo nemikhuba yazo ihluke kakhulu, omunye - esiphansi. Kubalulekile lapha ukuthi amamethrikhi nalabo nabanye abeqeli ngalé kuyinsakavukela khona, okusho ukuthi kungukuthi ezisongela impilo.

lokushisa ekushintshashintsheni

Thermoregulation - isihluthulelo njalo imvelo yangaphakathi, okusho ukuthi umsebenzi umzimba kahle zonke izilwane ezincelisayo kuhlanganise abantu. Ushintsho lokushisa senzeka emini, nge uhla ukushintshashintsha mncane impela. Ubuncane ukusebenza nobuntu kwesikhathi kusukela ekuseni kuze kube emihlanu ekuseni, esiphezulu eqoshiwe cishe ngehora lesithupha kusihlwa. I amplitude oscillation Ngakho ngokuvamile esingaphansi degree elilodwa.

Senhliziyo futhi endocrine izinhlelo

Umsebenzi "injini" eyinhloko yomzimba womuntu yakhiwa futhi kuncike ekushintshashintsheni. Zikhona amaphuzu amabili isikhathi lapho kunciphisa umsebenzi esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi: esisodwa ezimpondweni futhi ngehora lesithathu.

isigqi sayo eyinqaba futhi zonke izitho zomzimba hematopoiesis. Inani Eliphakeme umsebenzi umnkantsha kwenzeka ekuseni, futhi ubende - lesishiyagalombili kusihlwa.

i-hormone uketshezi luyinto edlulayo kakhulu usuku lonke. adrenalin lokuhlushwa igazi liphuma ekuseni futhi ifinyelela isiqongo salo ngaso ngehora. Lesi sici uchaza ubungqabavu nomsebenzi, avamise libhekene abantu ekuseni.

Ababelethisi eyaziwa izibalo ukwazi: ekushikashikekeni ezimweni eziningi iqala cishe phakathi kwamabili. It buhlobene futhi izici of ohlelweni endocrine. Ngalesi sikhathi, owenza usebenze namanoni aphezu posterior we indlala pituitary kuveza hormone abafanele.

Ekuseni - inyama kusihlwa - ubisi

Ukuze abalandeli nokudla ngendlela efanele kuyoba amaqiniso ukwazi exhunywe ne isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene. Ingxenye yokuqala ngosuku - ngesikhathi lapho kwandisa peristalsis yokusetshenziswa pheshana emathunjini, kwandisa ukukhiqizwa Bile. Isibindi glycogen ekuseni ngenkuthalo ibusa futhi unikeza amanzi. Chronobiology wale mithetho okuzuza imithetho elula: ukudla esindayo futhi okunamafutha kungcono kudliwa ekuseni ntambama nakusihlwa mahle imikhiqizo yobisi nemifino.

operability

Akusiyo imfihlo ukuthi biorhythms abantu ezithinta umsebenzi wayo usuku. Nokho ekushintshashintsheni abantu ezahlukene babe izici, futhi amaphethini jikelele kungathiwa. "Inyoni" chronotype ezintathu ngokuxhumanisa isigqi yemvelo kanye nokusebenza mhlawumbe laziwe kubo bonke. Lokhu "inyoni", "isikhova" futhi "Ijuba." Okokuqala okubili - ongakhetha kakhulu. "Larks" egcwele amandla namandla ekuseni, kulula ngivuke ulale.

"Izikhova", njengoba sibonelo sabo, kukhona ebusuku. Isikhathi asebenzayo okuyinto iqala ngo mayelana kusihlwa eziyisithupha. kuyanda Early kubo kunzima kakhulu ukubekezelela. "Amajuba" bakwazi ukusebenza imini kusihlwa. Njengoba zibizwa ngokuthi chronobiology aritmikami.

Ukwazi uhlobo yakho lomuntu ongaphatha imisebenzi yabo ngendlela ephumelela kakhudlwana. Nokho, abanye bakholelwa ukuthi iyiphi "Owl" angase abe "Lark" uma uthanda, nokuphikelela, kanye division zibe izinhlobo ezintathu ngenxa kunalokho imikhuba, kunokuba izici ezabekwa.

ukushintshana okuqhubekayo

Biorhythms eziphilayo womuntu nezinye akuzona eqinile zonke izimpawu fixed. Phakathi ontogeny futhi phylogeny, okungukuthi, ukuthuthukiswa ngabanye kanye bokuziphendukela kwemvelo, bayehluleka ukushintsha imithetho ethile. Kuyini obhekene lezi zinguquko, kuze kube sekupheleni lingacaci yize kunjalo. Kukhona izinguqulo ezimbili eziyinhloko le nkokhelo. Ngokusho komunye wabo, eholwa izinguquko indlela esingokwemvelo emangqamuzaneni - ke kungenziwa ngokuthi newashi lomzimba.

Omunye umbono indima esemqoka kule nqubo kususa izici Geophysical ezingakagcwaliseki ezobhekwa. Amalungu lo mbono chaza umehluko biorhythms abantu by isikhundla sabo isitebhisi kwemvelo. Izinga eliphakeme kwenhlangano, umzimba babubukhulu ngokwengeziwe. Ziya ngokuya ukusebenza asishintshi, kodwa kwandisa amplitude kunyakaza. Isigqi kakhulu ofanayo biology ukuvumelanisa yayo nge izinqubo Geophysical, basuke kubhekwe njengoba umphumela ukuzihlela nokuzivumelanisa kwemvelo, okuholela ekuguqukeni yangaphandle (isb, emini noma ebusuku) ezindaweni eziphakathi nezwe (inkathi yomsebenzi futhi ubuthongo) isigqi ukuguquguquka.

Umthelela ubudala

Chronobiology sekutholakele ukuthi ngokuhamba ontogeny, kuye ngokuthi isiphi isigaba siwela umzimba, ushintsha isigqi lomzimba. Ngamunye inkathi nangemuva kokuzalwa komntwana ukuthuthukiswa kunyakaza kwabo kungahambisani izinhlelo zangaphakathi. Futhi ushintsho isigqi yemvelo kungaphansi kwemithetho ethile, esichazwa Uchwepheshe Russian GD Gubin. Kuyinto elula ukuba sicabangele isibonelo isilwane. Sinenkosi ushintsho olunjalo ngokuyinhloko lihlobene amplitudes of isigqi lomzimba. Kusukela izigaba yokuqala ukuthuthukiswa ngabanye zikhula futhi sifinyelele esiphezulu kule esemncane phakathi. amplitude ke uqale ukuze wehlise.

Lokhu akulona nje ushintsho lezigqi ezihlobene nobudala. Ukushintsha futhi acrophase ukulandelana (acrophase - isikhathi iphuzu lapho esiphezulu waphawula value) futhi ubukhulu ibanga lobudala kuyinsakavukela (hronodezma). Uma sicabanga ngazo zonke lezi zinguquko, kuba sobala ukuthi lapho usukhulile biorhythms kuqondaniswe ngokuphelele futhi umzimba womuntu uyakwazi ukumelana ezihlukahlukene amathonya zangaphandle, ngenkathi ekulondolozeni impilo yabo. Njengoba isimo uyashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngenxa yalokho we ukungafani isigqi ezahlukene, impilo kancane kancane uphela.

Chronobiology ukuphakamisa usebenzisa lamaphethini ukubikezela isifo. Ngesisekelo ulwazi mayelana izici of isigqi womuntu lomzimba, iyehla iyenyuka phezu ukuphila we kwakuthiwa sikwazi ukwakha isimiso esithile, khomba impilo isitokwe, highs yayo nezikhathi ezijabulisayo nezibuhlungu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. ukuhlolwa okunjalo - esikhathini esizayo, ngokuvumelana izazi eziningi. Nokho, kukhona eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma uvumele ukwakha into efana lolu hlelo manje.

ezintathu isigqi

Priotkroem alunywe kwesihenqo ekusithekeni ngikuxoxele kanjani ukucacisa biorhythms yakho. Ukubalwa kubo kusekelwe sokusebenza kwengqondo Hermann Swoboda theory udokotela Vilgelma Fissa futhi unjiniyela Alfreda Telchera, baye wadala ekuqa- le XIX futhi XX eminyaka. Ingqikithi yalo umqondo wukuthi kukhona ezintathu isigqi: ngokomzimba, ngokomzwelo nokuhlakanipha. Bona kwenzeke lapho ngizalwa futhi kukho konke ukuphila kwabo musa ukushintsha ukuvama kwazo:

• Physical - ezinsukwini ezingu-23;

• ngokomzwelo - ezingu-28;

• Intelligent - izinsuku 33.

Uma uhlela igrafu izinguquko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuba wave sine. Ukuze zonke nemingcele ezintathu namagagasi x-axis oluhambisana ukuvelela izinkomba ngaphansi kuba zone recession ngokomzimba, ngokomzwelo namakhono engqondo. Biorhythm ukubala okuyinto engenziwa isimiso esifanayo, nge-eksisi empambana iphuzu eyobonisa ukuqala kwe-enkathini yokungaqiniseki lapho lehla kakhulu ukumelana amathonya kwemvelo.

definition izinkomba

Ukubalwa isigqi yemvelo ngesisekelo lo mbono zingenziwa ngokuzimela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukubala malini uke waphila: Phindaphinda yobudala ngenani lezinsuku ngonyaka (ungakhohlwa ukuthi eqa ka 366). Inombolo okuholela lihlukaniswe by imvamisa of a biorhythm, isimiso kulo ukwakha (23, 28 noma 33). Thola ezinye inamba futhi okusele. Lonke ingxenye futhi uphindaphinde ubude ethile jet Lag? f ukhupha ukubaluleka eyatholakala kusukela inani lezinsuku esidlule. Okusele kuyoba inani lezinsuku esikhathini okwamanje.

Uma ukubaluleka ingeqi eyodwa nane ubude umjikelezo - kulokhu ephakamisa. Kuye lag jet, usikisela isibindi futhi umsebenzi ngokomzimba, ajabule nokuzinza ngokomzwelo, ugqozi lokudala nokukhula bokusungula. Inani elilingana nengxenye ubude kwesikhathi limelela isikhathi ukungaqiniseki. Hit e yesithathu yokugcina ubude iyiphi biorhythm kusho ukuthola ku downtrend zone. Ngalesi sikhathi, umuntu angathola ukhathele ngokushesha, okwandisa ingozi yesifo, uma kuziwa umjikelezo ngokomzimba. Ngokomzwelo, kukhona isihawu ukwehla kuze kube ukucindezeleka, eziya ziba zimbi ikhono wokuvimba eqinile amaza yangaphakathi. Ezingeni intelligence sokuntenga komnotho ezweni sihlalise libhekene nobunzima ekwenzeni izinqumo, abanye okusithiyayo yokucabanga.

ukuphuza theory

Ezweni yesayensi nomqondo biorhythms ezintathu kule format ngokuvamile wagxeka. Azikho benezizathu ezizwakalayo zokukholwa ukuthi into kungaba njalo ngakho emzimbeni womuntu. Lokhu kuboniswa zonke regularities waphawula elawula isigqi emkhakheni wezinto eziphilayo, izici izinqubo zangaphakathi esivela amazinga ehlukene izinhlelo ophilayo. Ngakho-ke, indlela echazwe sibalo futhi wonke theory ngokuvamile kwacatshangwa onentshisekelo kukho yokuchitha isizungu, kodwa hhayi umqondo sina, esekelwe okuyinto kukhona icebo imisebenzi yayo.

isigqi eziphilayo sokulala futhi sihlale siphapheme, ngaleyo ndlela hhayi kuphela ekhona emzimbeni. Iyehla iyenyuka angaphansi zonke izinhlelo ezakha imizimba yethu, hhayi kuphela ezingeni amaqembu ezinkulu, njengoba inhliziyo noma amaphaphu. izinqubo Rhythmic sibekwa amaseli, futhi ngenxa yalokho nobuntu ophilayo ndaba iyonke. Isayensi ukuthi study lezi iyehla iyenyuka, kuyilapho impela, kodwa sifuna ukuchaza eziningi imithetho ezikhona ukuphila komuntu futhi yonke imvelo. Kakade idatha anqwabelene basikisela ukuthi bezikhali chronobiology empeleni eliphezulu kakhulu. Mhlawumbe esikhathini esizayo esiseduze ngeke kuqondiswe yizimiso zalo futhi odokotela, nabelane umthamo imithi ngokuhambisana izici lwesigaba oluthile isigqi yemvelo.